Full
Outline
Honghua（Carthamus tinctorius L.）is amedicinal and edible herb of Composite family. It has the effects of promoting blood circulation andmenstruation，removing blood stasis and relieving pain. So far，a variety of chemical components have been isolated from Honghua（Carthamus tinctorius L.），involving flavonoids，alkaloids，polyacetylene，spermidine，polysaccharides and inorganic elements，among which flavonoids are themost. It has various pharmacological activities such as anti cardiovascular，immune regulation，anti-inflammatory and analgesic，anti-tumor and antioxidant effect，etc. Honghua（Carthamus tinctorius L.）polysaccharide is one of themain pharmacological components of Honghua（Carthamus tinctorius L.）. Ithas pharmacological activities such as immune regulation，anti-tumor，antioxidant，etc.，with themost prominentanti-tumor effect，and has potential research and developmentvalue. Therefore，the present study elucidated the extraction process，isolation and purification，structural characterization，pharmacological activity and molecular mechanism，in which，the structural characterization of Honghua（Carthamus tinctorius L.）polysaccharides was described in detail. Meanwhile，the in vivo，in vitro and clinical bioactivities of saffron polysaccharides were reviewed，and the possiblemechanisms of their bioactivities were discussed. Finally，a new outlook for future research is presented. In conclusion，this paper reviewed the research progress on the extraction，purification，structural characterization，bioactivity and pharmacological application of Honghua（Carthamus tinctorius L.）polysaccharides，and provided new valuable insights for future research on Honghua（Carthamus tinctorius L.）polysaccharides，aswell as a reference for the utilization of the chemical components of Honghua（Carthamus tinctorius L.）polysaccharide resources.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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