Banmao（Mylabris）is a well-known animal Chinese medicine in China，which has the effect of breaking blood and eliminating blood stasis，dispersing knots and eliminating mass，and attacking toxin and eroding sores，and is widely used to disperse blood stasis and eliminate carbuncles. Because of its violent toxicity，it often needs to be processed to reduce toxicity and improve the safety of medication. As early as in the Eastern Jin Dynasty，the processing methods of Banmao（Mylabris），such as net preparation and firing method，were recorded，and later a variety of processing methods such as rice frying，stir-frying and vinegar boiling were gradually developed. Modern studies have found that the main components of Banmao（Mylabris）are terpenoids and their derivatives，metal elements，fatty acids，fatty compounds，amino acid compounds and so on，which have antitumor，anti-fibrotic，cardiotonic，antiviral，anticoagulant，immune enhancement and other pharmacological effects. In this paper，it reviewed Chinese medical books and related Chinese and foreign materials and literature，and discussed the historical evolution，chemical composition and pharmacological effects of Banmao（Mylabris），in order to provide reference for the related research of Banmao（Mylabris）.