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Outline
To investigate the mechanism of action of curculigoside（CUR）antioxidation in alleviating apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells（GCs）in mice with premature ovarian failure（POF）.
Mice after acclimatization feeding were divided into blank，model，CUR low-dose，CUR mid-dose and CUR high-dose groups，and estradiol valerate group. The mouse model was replicated by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide（CTX）. After modeling，the mice were treated by gavage for 14 consecutive days and vaginal smears were performed daily，the body mass of the mice was weighed and the mice were killed 24 h after the last administration and the blood and ovary tissues were extracted，and the ovary tissues were weighed bilaterally to calculate the ovarian index. The levels of serum follicle stimulating hormone（FSH），anti-Müllerian hormone（AMH）and estradiol（E2）were measured. The ovaries were stained with hematoxylin-eosin（HE）staining to observe follicular development and corpus luteum morphology，and the apoptosis level of GCs was determined using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTPNick-End Labeling（TUNEL），and the superoxide dismutase（SOD）activity and malondialdehyde（MDA）level were measured using protein peroxidase，glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px）content and malondialdehyde（MDA）level in the ovary tissue. The protein expressions of ovarian protein kinase B（AKT），p-AKT，mammalian target of rapamycin（mTOR）and p-mTOR were detected using protein blotting（WB）.
Compared with the blank group，the mice in the model group showed disorganized estrous cycle，decreased ovarian index，large number of atretic follicles，high level of apoptosis of GCs and significantly upregulated levels of FSH，whereas AMH and E2 showed a significant decrease，suggesting a successful replication of the POF mouse model. Compared with the model group，the administration of CUR intervention was able to increase the antioxidant level，activate the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway，improve the estrous cycle and serum hormone levels，reduce apoptosis of GCs，and promote follicular development in POF mice，thus restoring the ovarian reserve function.
CUR ameliorated mouse POF caused by CTX，and the mechanism may be related to the activation of Akt/mTOR signaling pathway to exert antioxidant effects to alleviate the apoptosis of GCs in POF model mice.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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