Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is a reproductive endocrine metabolic disease characterized by endocrine abnormalities,with menstrual disorders,infertility and hirsutism as the main clinical manifestations,seriously affecting the reproductive health of patients. The hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis(HPO axis)has secretion abnormalities in PCOS,such as abnormal pulse frequency of gonadotropin releasing hormone(GnRH),the increased ration of luteinizing hormone(LH)/folliclestimulating hormone(FSH),adrenal and ovarian androgen overproduction. In recent years,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been widely used in the prevention and treatment of PCOSand has shown positive therapeutic effects. Flavonoids,one of the common active ingredients in Chinese medicine,can improve the hormone disorders in the HPO axis of PCOSthrough anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,autophagy and apoptosis pathways,and modulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway,the TGF-β1/Smad pathway,the MAPK/ERK pathway and so on. This article reviewed and analyzed the mechanisms of flavonoids in the treatment of HPO axis secretion disorders in PCOSin recent years,and provided theoretical references for their further development and treatment of PCOS.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |