Latest ArticlesPreeclampsia is a common hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, which seriously endangers the health of mothers and infants. The early application of low-dose aspirin can effectively prevent preeclampsia, and effectively reduce the probability of hemolysis, elevated liver function and low platelet count syndrome, placental abruption, and fetal distress. In recent years, with the deepening of research, more experimental evidences show that there is a correlation between gene polymorphisms and aspirin resistance. Because some patients have gene polymorphisms, the expected therapeutic effect cannot be achieved. This paper reviewed the research progress of precision medication of aspirin in high-risk pregnant women with preeclampsia, in order to guide the medication of aspirin in special groups such as pregnant women with preeclampsia and improve pregnancy outcomes.
CD34+ cells have microcirculatory regenerative potential and paracrine anti-inflammatory effects, but the number and function of CD34+ cells involved in vascular repair are decreased in patients with heart failure. Multiple trials have found that CD34+cell transplantation therapy in patients with chronic heart failure can improve myocardial performance, reduce neurohumoral activation, improve exercise capacity and quality of life, and even improve the survival rate in patients with heart failure. CD34+ cell transplantation may be a future treatment option for patients with chronic heart failure.
To investigate the protective mechanism of berberine against Polygonum multiflorum thunb.induced liver injury.
SD rats were randomly divided into sham group, PM (Polygonum multiflorum thunb. 40 g·kg-1) group, PM+NS (saline 1 mL) group, PM+BBR (berberine 50 mg·kg-1) group (n=12 in each group). Another 24 rats were divided into PM+BBR+sh-PPAR-γ group and PM+BBR+sh-NC group, which were injected with 100 μL of shRNA-PPAR-γ and 100 μL of shRNA-NC into the tail vein. The administration of each group lasted for 8 weeks. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes in liver tissue, and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels and the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 in liver tissues were detected by ELISA. PPAR-γ expression was knockdown by transfecting shRNA-PPARγ into rats. The expression levels of PPAR-γ in rat liver tissues was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot.
Compared with the sham group, the levels of serum ALT, AST, ALP were significantly increased, the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 in liver tissue were increased and IL-10 level was decreased, and PPAR-γ expression was significantly downregulated in the PM group and PM+NS group (all P<0.05). Compared with the PM+NS group, serum ALT, AST, ALP levels were significantly decreased, IL-1β and IL-6 levels were significantly decreased, IL-10 level was significantly increased, and PPAR-γ expression was significantly increased in the PM+BBR group (all P<0.05). Compared with the PM+BBR+sh-NC group, PPAR-γ expression was significantly decreased, serum ALT, AST, ALP levels were significantly increased, IL-1β and IL-6 levels were significantly increased, IL-10 level was significantly decreased in the PM+BBR+sh-PPAR-γ group (all P<0.05).
Berberine may alleviate hepatic injury induced by Polygonum multiflorum thunb. by up-regulating PPAR-γ expression.
As a new therapeutic modality, gene therapy drugs (GTDs) play a therapeutic role and also have many risks, which brings challenges to the regulation of GTDs. The United States (US) and the European Union (EU) have established a relatively perfect system in terms of the regulatory body, regulatory basis and listing regulation, which is worthy of China’s reference. China’s regulation of GTDs still exists in the regulatory basis level is not detailed, the regulatory content is not mature and transparent, the main body of the regulatory implementation and the body of the responsibility is not clear enough and other issues. It is suggested that our country can learn from the advanced experience of the US and the EU, divide and control the risk of GTDs, set up an expert technical team, establish an advisory committee, and strengthen international communication and exchange, so as to improve the regulatory system of GTDs and enhance the safety of such drugs in China.
To investigate the use of new oral anticoagulants (NOACs) and clinically relevant drug-related problems (DRPs) in hospitalized patients, in order to provide a reference for promoting the rational use of NOACs.
A total of 586 medical records of inpatients using NOACs at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from October 2021 to September 2022 were collected. Retrospective reviews were conducted according to relevant guidelines and regulations. The summary analysis of the observed DRPs was performed with reference to the criteria used in the Chinese Classification System for Drug-Related Problems (V1.0), which is adapted to the Chinese population and healthcare model.
Among the 586 cases, the majority were females (52.4%), and the average age was (69.5±12.6) years old. The most common indication for the use of NOACs was nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (272 cases, 46.4%), which involved three varieties and eight criteria. DRPs occurred in 358 patients, with a total of 389 DRPs identified, including 213 (54.8%) DRP1.1, 72 (18.5%) DRP2.1, 4 (1.0%) DRP3.1, 65 (16.7%) DRP3.2, and 35 (9.0%) DRP3.3.
The use of NOACs in our hospital are mainly manifested as low single doses, infrequent administration, and lack of indication for medication.
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a malignant tumor that occurs in the biliary system, with a hidden onset, poor overall prognosis and high mortality. Futibatinib is a fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) 1-4 inhibitor, which was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2022 for the treatment of adult patients with previously treated, unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic ICC with FGFR2 gene fusions or other rearrangements. Phase Ⅰ and Ⅱ clinical trials have shown that futibatinib has good clinical effect on ICC, which can significantly improve the objective response rate and prolong the survival time of ICC patients. The common adverse events include hyperphosphatemia, diarrhea, constipation, and dry mouth, with a high incidence of adverse events.
The new antidepressant toludesvenlafaxine, also known as ansofaxine, is a triple monoaminergic reuptake inhibitor independently developed in China. It can play an antidepressant effects by blocking the reuptake of the three neurotransmitters by combining with the serotonin transporter, noradrenaline, and dopamine transporter. Toludesvenlafaxine has a rapid effect, which can significantly improve the low mood, anhedonia, lack of motivation and other symptoms of patients with depressive disorders, relieve the associated anxiety symptoms, and is not easy to lead to sexual dysfunction and other adverse reactions in the treatment process. While using toludesvenlafaxine, clinicians should start titration with a low dose and assess the risk of mania during the course of treatment, and pay attention to whether the drug could cause psychotic symptoms, since it acts on the dopamine pathway.
To explore the effects of berberine on intestinal injury in sepsis rats and its mechanism.
Forty male healthy SD rats were randomly divided into sham group, model group, berberine low, medium, and high dose (25, 50, 100 mg·kg-1) groups, with 8 rats in each group, and the corresponding dose was given by gavage for 7 d. Sepsis model was prepared by cecum ligation and perforation (CLP). After 24 h of modeling, the rats were anesthetized and the ileum specimens were collected. The pathological changes of the ileum were observed and scored under light microscope. The contents of serum heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), diamine oxidase (DAO), intestinal fatty acid binding protein (iFABP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL) -6 and IL-1β were detected by ELISA. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in ileum were detected by colorimetric analysis. The protein levels of HO-1, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and IL-1β in ileum were detected by Western blot.
Compared with the sham group, ileum histopathological score was significantly increased in the model group (P<0.01), and contents of HO-1, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, DAO, iFABP in serum, and MDA in intestinal tissue were increased, while SOD activity was decreased, and the expressions of Nrf2, HO-1 and IL-1β protein in the model group were significantly increased (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the ileum histopathologic score of the berberine high dose group was significantly decreased (P<0.01), the contents of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, DAO, iFABP in serum and MDA in intestinal tissue were also decreased (P<0.05), while the HO-1 content in serum and SOD activity in intestinal tissue were increased (P<0.01), and the protein expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 in the berberine high dose group were significantly increased, but the IL-1β protein expression was decreased (P<0.05).
Berberine can effectively improve intestinal damage caused by sepsis, and its mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of Nrf2/HO-1 expression.
To analyze the usage of “dual channel” drugs in designated pharmacies and medical institutions, and to provide a basis for better implementation of the national negotiation drug “dual channel” management mechanism.
The relevant policies of the “dual channel” management mechanism for Shanghai medical insurance were reviewed. The growth rate and coverage of “dual channel” drug costs, the proportion of different types of drug costs, and the ranking of drug costs within the Shanghai medical security intelligent supervision system from January 2022 to December 2023 were analyzed.
The cost of medication costs have increased significantly with the expansion of the scope of “dual channel” management drugs. Antitumor drugs account for the highest cost proportion among all “dual channel” drugs. There were some problems in the implementation of the policy, such as difficulties in prescription circulation, security vulnerabilities in medical insurance funds caused by paper prescriptions.
Since the implementation of the“dual channel” management mechanism, the supply guarantee level of the national negotiation drug has been effectively improved through two different channels of designated pharmacies and medical institutions. To further demonstrate policy effects, it is recommended to strengthen the allocation of “dual channel” drugs, increase the service layout of designated pharmacies and strengthen the supervision of drug usage.
To analyze the safety of tocilizumab in children with rheumatic immune disease and provide reference for clinical medication.
The medical records of tocilizumab from January 1st, 2016 to August 9th,2022 through the medical record system were collected. Retrospective analysis of the adverse events (AE) incidence and influencing factors, distribution, occurrence time, and outcome.
A total of 53 children treated with tocilizumab were included, 48 cases of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, 1 case of Sjogren’s syndrome, 2 cases of autoimmune disease (autoimmune disease), 1 case of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (polyarticular type), and 1 case of multiple arteritis. The incidence of AE was 87% (46/53). The main AE were hypertriglyceridemia (60%), liver injury (49%), hypercholesterolemia (30%), hyperbilirubinemia (8%), neutropenia (9%), hypersensitivity (8%). Hypersensitivity was the main AE leading to drug withdrawal. The occurrence of hypercholesterolemia was associated with higher dose, and the occurrence of liver injury was associated with higher age and higher body mass index. Most of AE were mild and could recover to normal without treatment, and continuous medication rate was 96% (44/46).
The incidence of AE related to the use of tocilizumab in children is high. Hypersensitivity reactions may lead to drug withdrawal, and attention should be paid during the medication period. Although most children only suffer from mild liver injury, it is still necessary to be alert to the possibility of severe liver failure.
No. 86 Xueyuan South Road, Haidian District, Beijing
010-62199257
qkjq@cast.org.cn
Copyright © 2025 China Association for Science and Technology. All rights reserved. For all open access content, the relevant licensing terms apply.
Sponsored by the Office of the Leading Group for Cybersecurity and Informatization of CAST, and supported by Science and Technology Review Publishing House
