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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by the degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons. Clinically, it manifests as progressive muscle weakness and atrophy, ultimately leading to death, imposing a significant burden on patients’ families and society. The pathogenesis of ALS remains unclear. Currently, several ALS treatment drugs have failed to significantly extend survival or alter the outcome. In recent years, cell therapy has been increasingly applied to refractory or incurable diseases. Various types of stem cell therapies have been developed for ALS treatment, undergoing preclinical research and clinical trials. This article provides an overview of the application of cell therapy in ALS, with a detailed examination of the research and development history of the representative cell therapy NurOwn in ALS. And the achievements and challenges of current ALS cell therapy, suggesting the optimization of cell type selection and efficacy evaluation metrics in future ALS cell therapy research were further discussed. This optimization aims to guide the development, approval, and market entry of ALS cell therapies, benefiting patients and their families.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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