To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and changing trends of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviors among middle school students in Jiading District of Shanghai, from 2015 to 2023, so as to provide a basis for the development of NSSI prevention and control measures among students.

Using a stratified cluster random sampling method, a total of five times for Shanghai Adolescent Health Risk Behavior Surveys were conducted for every two years in Jiading District of Shanghai from 2015 to 2023. A total of 5 231 middle school students from junior high schools and senior high schools were selected for questionnaire surveys. Intergroup comparisons were performed using the χ² test or the χ² trend test, and the JointPoint 5.0 software was used to analyze the changing trends, with the annual percent change (APC) used for evaluation. A binary Logistic regression model was employed to analyze the related factors of NSSI behavior among middle school students.

In 2023, the reported NSSI rate among middle school students in Jiading District was 14.2%. The rate was significantly higher among junior high school students (17.1%) than that among senior high school students (11.1%), and higher among females (19.2%) than that among males (10.0%) (χ²=10.04, 23.21, both P < 0.01). From 2015 to 2023, the overall reported NSSI rate showed an increasing trend, rising from 8.6% in 2015 to 14.2% in 2023 (χ_trend²=22.25), with an APC of 6.64% (t=3.49), and the APC for girls was 9.79% (t=3.20) (all P < 0.05). Among students reporting NSSI, the proportion experiencing ≥6 episodes increased from 10.8% in 2015 to 19.2% in 2023 (χ_trend²=6.57, P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that girls, junior high school students, those with insomnia, depressive emotion and drinkers had higher risks of NSSI, compared to boys, senior high school students, those without insomnia, non-depressive emotion students and non-drinkers (OR=1.71, 1.96, 3.44, 4.76, 1.77, all P < 0.05).

The reported rate of NSSI among middle school students in Jiading District of Shanghai, increased annually from 2015 to 2023, and the proportion of repeated NSSI also showed an upward trend. Early intervention measures targeting middle school students, especially junior high school students and females, should be implemented to prevent and control its occurrence and development.

To understand the dynamic temporal evolution pathways of Internet addiction among university students and to identify the core driving nodes, so as to provide theoretical evidences for the precise implementation of targeted interventions.

Using a convenient cluster sampling method, a total of 1 066 full-time freshmen and sophomores were recruited from three universities in Guizhou, Jiangxi, and Guangdong Provinces for a follow-up survey (T1:January-March 2024; T2:January-March 2025). The Revised Chen Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS-R) was employed to assess the status of Internet addiction among university students, and cross-sectional as well as cross-lagged panel network models were constructed to analyze Internet addiction and its multidimensional influencing factors.

The T1 network comprised 19 nodes and 114 non-zero edges, while the T2 network comprised 19 nodes and 126 non-zero edges. Cross-sectional network analysis revealed the strongest association between "insufficient sleep" and "daytime fatigue"; the core nodes were "first thought upon waking for going online" and "feeling low after disconnection" (characteristics of psychological dependence) at T1, while the core nodes shifted to "impaired health" and "excitement when online" (characteristics of functional impairment and addictive psychodynamic features) at T2. Cross-lagged network analysis further indicated that "reduced leisure" directly predicted "sleep compression", and a bidirectional relationship was observed between "needing more time to achieve satisfaction" and "academic decline".

Internet addiction among university students exhibits dynamic evolutionary characteristics. Stage-specific targeted interventions focusing on core driving nodes are needed, integrating behavioral regulation and academic support to break the vicious cycle and enhancing the ability to cope with real-life demands.

To investigate the influence of childhood adversity on procrastination of middle school students, and to analyze the mediating effect and interaction of recent stressful events, providing a scientific basis for developing prevention and intervention strategies for procrastination behavior in adolescents.

In March 2023, a multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select 3 167 students from 9 junior and senior high schools in Guangzhou for investigation. Self-administered questionnaires were used to gather information on demographic characteristics, childhood adversity, procrastination and recent stressful life events. Generalized linear mixed models were employed to analyze the association between childhood adversity and procrastination among middle school students. Mediation analysis with multiplicative and additive interaction models were constructed to examine the mediating and interactive effects of recent stressful events.

Among the middle school students, 28.8% reported experiencing at least one type of childhood adversity. The mean scores for recent stressful events and procrastination were (18.85±16.69) and (23.13±9.25), respectively. After adjusting for age, sex, school, household living conditions and economic status, parental education level, and depressive symptom, generalized linear mixed model analysis revealed that childhood adversity and its subdimensions were positively associated with procrastination among middle school students(β=0.83-3.27, all P < 0.05). Mediation analysis indicated that recent stressful events partially mediated the relationship between childhood adversity and procrastination among middle school students, accounting for 26.7% of the total effect. Interaction analysis showed no statistically significant interaction between childhood adversity and recent stressful events among middle school students[OR(95%CI)=0.98(0.60-1.36), RERI(95%CI)=0.87(-0.22-1.96), both P>0.05].

Childhood adversity is a potential risk factor for procrastination among middle school students, and recent negative life events partially mediate this association.

To explore the independent effects and gender differences of different types of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on the co-occurrence of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicide attempts (SA), so as to provide a reference for the precise prevention and control of self-harm in junior high school students.

From May to June 2023, a total of 7 360 junior high school students were selected from 12 schools in three districts/counties of Chongqing using a combination of stratified cluster sampling and convenience sampling methods. Information on NSSI, SA, ACEs, and depressive symptom, as well as other related data were collected through the Adolescent Non-suicidal Self-injury Assessment Questionnaire (ANSAQ), suicide-related section of the Chinese Adolescent Health-related Behavior Questionnaire (Junior High School Version), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), and Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D). Statistical analyses of the data were performed using the Chi-square test and multiple Logistic regression.

The detection rates of NSSI, SA, NSSI+SA and ACEs in junior high school students were 19.2%, 4.6%, 3.5% and 57.9% respectively. After controlling for factors such as gender, grade, family type, self-rated family economic status, self-rated academic performance, self-rated academic pressure, number of close friends, and depressive symptom scores, results from the multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that junior high school students with physical abuse (OR=1.98, 95%CI=1.23-3.18), emotional abuse (OR=2.83, 95%CI=1.92-4.19), sexual abuse (OR=1.70, 95%CI=1.07-2.69), physical neglect (OR=1.67, 95%CI=1.20-2.33) and witnessing domestic violence (OR=2.10, 95%CI=1.41-2.87) in childhood had higher risks for the occurrence of NSSI+SA (all P < 0.05). After stratification by gender, boys with sexual abuse in childhood had a high risk for the occurrence of NSSI+SA (OR=2.17, 95%CI=1.06-4.43), whereas girls with emotional abuse (OR=3.69, 95%CI=2.29-5.94), physical neglect (OR=1.62, 95%CI=1.07-2.45) and witnessing domestic violence (OR=2.17, 95%CI=1.41-3.34) in childhood had hgih risks for the occurrence of NSSI+SA (all P < 0.05).

Different types of ACEs have different effects on the co-occurrence of self-harm in junior high school students and there are gender differences. When family interventions are conducted for the combined model, emphasis should be placed on aspects of emotional abuse and domestic violence while optimizing the interventions based on gender differences.

To analyze the correlation of physical activity and screen time with anxiety and depressive symptoms among college students, so as to provide a reference for formulating intervention measures for anxiety and depressive symptoms among college students.

In May 2024, the method of combining convenient sampling with stratified sampling was adopted to select 3 076 college students from 5 colleges in Shaoxing of Zhejiang Province. Self-compiled general situation questionnaires, Screen Time Questionnaire, Self-rating Anxiety Scale and Self-rating Depression Scale were used to investigate the current status of college students' physical activities, screen time, anxiety and depressive symptoms, etc. Inter-group comparisons were conducted by using the χ² test, Fisher's exact probability test, t-test or analysis of variance. A multivariate Logistic regression model was established to explore the correlations between physical activity, screen time with anxiety and depressive symptoms among college students.

The constituent ratios of mild, moderate and severe anxiety symptoms were 59.97%, 28.99% and 11.04%, respectively. The constituent ratios of mild, moderate and severe depressive symptoms were 64.96%, 29.92% and 5.12%, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the detection rates of anxiety symptom (χ²=15.99) and depressive symptom (χ²=16.54) among college students of different grades and screen time daily (both P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in physical activity among college students of different genders and subject types (t/F=11.67, 11.90, both P < 0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that when physical activity was at least 1 hour per week < 3 d, a screen time < 2 h/d could reduce the risk of anxiety symptoms among college students (OR=0.57), and screen time < 2, 2- < 3, 3- < 4 h/d could reduce the risk of depressive symptoms among college students (OR=0.65, 0.56, 0.64); when the number of days of physical activity exercise was at least 1 h per week ≥3 d, the occurrence risks of anxiety symptom(OR=0.49, 0.58) and depressive symptom (OR=0.36, 0.43) were reduced for students with screen time < 2 and 2- < 3 h/d (all P < 0.05).

There are correlations of physical activity and screen time with anxiety and depressive symptoms among college students. Low physical activity and longer screen time are more likely to increase the risk of anxiety and depressive symptom among college students.

To compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) exercise prescription based on machine vision and routine on HIIT the physical and mental health of female college students with simple obesity, so as to provide a basis for the development of weight loss intervention plans for this population.

From August 2023 to February 2024, 115 female college students with simple obesity, selected from Lianyungang Vocational and Technical College and East China Normal University, were randomly divided into a control group (n=57) and an observation group (n=58) according to a random number table. The control group received routine HIIT, while the observation group received machine vision based on HIIT exercise prescription (including image acquisition module, image processing module, database management module, backend computer processing and feedback, intelligent evaluation module, which could be customized according to the subjects' preferences, providing exercise prescription based on the selected training program and supervised its standardized completion of the training plan). Both were intervened for 12 weeks, 30 minutes each time, once every 2 days, and rest every Sunday. The t-test was used to compare body shape, glucose and lipid metabolism, cardiopulmonary function indicators, anxiety and depression states between two groups before and after intervention.

Before intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in physical and mental health status indicators between two groups of female college students (t=0.13-0.86, all P>0.05). After intervention, body mass indexes, waist hip ratios, body fat percentage, fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, triglycerides, total cholesterol, lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), anxiety and depression scores were all reduced in both groups (t_observation=-6.94 to -12.92, t_control=-2.71 to -10.95), of which the observation group [(23.46±2.18)kg/m², 0.70±0.06, (28.03±3.16)%, (4.55±0.67)mmol/L, (6.03±0.74)mmol/L, (5.10±0.70)%, (1.63±0.31)mmol/L, (4.24±0.58)mmol/L, (2.45±0.43)mmol/L, 35.28±4.76, and 33.03±4.03] were lower compared with the control group [(26.54±2.32)kg/m², 0.77±0.06, (30.74±4.38)%, (5.03±0.76)mmol/L, (6.62±0.82)mmol/L, (5.82±0.73)%, (1.98±0.35)mmol/L, (4.95±0.61)mmol/L, (2.88±0.47)mmol/L, 39.18±5.04, and 37.25±4.16] (t=-7.34, -6.26, -3.81, -3.59, -4.05, -5.40, -5.68, -6.40, -5.12, -4.27, -5.53)(all P < 0.05). After intervention, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, stroke volume, left ventricular ejection fraction, maximum oxygen consumption, volume of tidal, and vital capacity increased in both groups (t_observation=7.43-18.23, t_control=3.89-10.13), of which the observation group [(1.49±0.22)mmol/L, (72.35±4.69)mL, (68.95±5.10)%, (36.97±3.22)mL/(kg · min), (25.29±4.11)mL/(kg · min), and (3 374.26±169.54)mL] were higher compared with the control group [(1.23±0.20)mmol/L, (67.32±4.06)mL, (64.83±5.05)%, (33.24±3.14)mL/(kg · min), (23.01±3.58)mL/(kg · min), and (3 197.50±125.81)mL] (t=6.63, 6.15, 4.35, 6.29, 3.17, 6.34)(all P < 0.05).

HIIT exercise prescription based on machine vision has better effects than routine HIIT on impoving the body shape, glucose and lipid metabolism, cardiopulmonary function of female college students with simple obesity, and also their mental health.

To explore the long-term trend of forced vital capacity-to-weight index (FWI) among Chinese Han students aged 7-18 from 2000 to 2019, and to predict its changes over the next decade, so as to provide scientific evidences for targeted health interventions and school health policies.

Based on the data of the five Chinese National Surveys on Students' Constitution and Health conducted from 2000 to 2019, a total of 216 500, 233 565, 215 267, 214 256 and 212 632 Han students aged 7-18 were included, respectively. The long-term trend of FWI among students was analyzed, and the GM (1, 1) grey model was used to predict FWI changes over the next decade. Subgroup analyses were conducted by sex, age, and urban-rural residence.

The FWI levels of Chinese Han students aged 7-18 were (55.30±11.47)(47.43±11.92)(48.11±12.46)(48.75±12.81)(50.93±13.11)mL/kg in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2014, and 2019, respectively. The FWI of Chinese Han students showed a decreasing-then-increasing trend from 2000 to 2019, reaching the lowest point of approximately 47.03 mL/kg around 2006, and was projected to recover to 52.88 mL/kg by 2029. Boys had higher FWI for each year and the total level than girls from 2000 to 2019(t=72.58-304.66), and the decline between 2000 and 2005 was smaller in boys (13.1%) than in girls (15.4%). However, the gender gap gradually narrowed and was projected to reduce to 5.36 mL/kg by 2029. FWI increased with age, with the largest difference observed in 2014 between the 7-9 and 16-18 age groups (8.62 mL/kg). Before 2014, urban boys had slightly lower FWI than rural boys; the gap narrowed thereafter, and their FWI levels were expected to become similar by 2029. Urban girls generally had higher FWI than rural girls, and the urban-rural gap showed an increasing trend. By 2029, the largest difference was projected to occur in the 13-15 age group, reaching 7.74 mL/kg.

The FWI of Chinese Han students showed a trend of initial decline followed by a gradual increase from 2000 to 2019, with notable differences across sex, age, and urban-rural residence. Greater attention should be paid to the respiratory health of rural girls, and effective measures should be taken to reduce urban-rural disparities.

To explore the relationship of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) with cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) among middle schoold students in Tibet, so as to provide empirical references for improving the cardiorespiratory fitness and health levels of adolescents in Tibet.

From August to December 2020, 1 225 junior and senior high school students were selected from 2 middle schools in Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, using the stratified cluster random sampling method. Triaxial accelerometers were used to evaluate PA and SB behaviors, and the 20-meter shuttle run was employed to assess CRF among the middle school students. Isochronous substitution modeling was used to analyze the associations of SB, low-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with CRF, and the saturation threshold effect in the dose-response relationship between MVPA and CRF was analyzed through restricted cubic spline and two-stage linear regression.

After adjusting for covariates such as gender, body mass index and sleep quality score, isotemporal substitution analysis showed that among junior high school students aged 13-15, replacing 30 minutes of SB (B=1.73) or LPA (B=2.38) with MVPA were positively associated with CRF (both P < 0.05). Among senior high school students aged 16-18, replacing SB (B=0.99) or LPA (B=1.38) with MVPA were also positively associated with CRF (both P < 0.05). Restricted cubic spline and two-piecewise linear regression analyses indicated that only middle school girls aged 13-18 exhibited a saturation threshold effect between MVPA and CRF (logarithmic likelihood ratio test=0.03), with the optimal CRF improvement observed at 60 minutes of MVPA per day (B=0.13, P < 0.01).

Reducing SB and LPA while increasing MVPA can improve CRF in Tibetan middle school students. To maximize CRF improvement, middle school girls should engage in at least 60 minutes of MVPA daily.

To explore the potential category patterns of risk prevention and control behaviors of HIV infection among young students who have sex with men (MSM) and their impact on HIV infection and late detection, aiming to optimize intervention strategies.

From September 2017 to December 2024, a total of 1 637 MSM young students in Tianjin were recruited through both online and offline channels. Latent class analysis was applied to classify 11 HIV risk prevention and control behaviors. Multivariate Logistic regression analyzed associations between demographic characteristics/intervention services factors and latent classes. Differences in HIV infection and late detection across behavior patterns were compared.

HIV risk prevention and control behaviors among MSM students were classified into three latent classes: condom-dependent group (38.42%), low prevention group (27.73%), and comprehensive prevention group (33.85%). Students who received condom promotion/testing services were more likely to belong to the comprehensive prevention group (OR=5.58), while those who received peer education were less likely to the comprehensive prevention group (OR=0.43) (both P < 0.01). Among the MSM student population, the HIV infection rate was 4.83%, with 2.26% of cases detected late. The HIV infection rate (1.45%) and late detection proportion (0.82%) in the comprehensive prevention group were lower than those in the low prevention group (7.89% and 3.83%, respectively) (χ²=16.20, 7.31, both P < 0.01).

HIV risk prevention and control behaviors among MSM young students exhibit significant heterogeneity. Comprehensive prevention strategies can effectively reduce HIV infection and late detection risks. It is necessary to optimize peer education content and improve the accessibility of diversified prevention measures such as PrEP/PEP to enhance HIV prevention and control.

To analyze the adverse treatment outcome status and spatio-temporal characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis cases among students in Qinghai Province, providing a reference basis for pulmonary tuberculosis prevention and control in schools.

The data of student pulmonary tuberculosis cases during 2013-2023 in Qinghai Province were obtained through the "National Tuberculosis Management Information System", and the treatment outcome was retrospectively analyzed. The Joinpoint model was applied to analyze the adverse outcome rate trend. Global and local spatial autocorrelation analysis, and spatiotemporal scan cluster analysis were conducted on the adverse outcome rate of pulmonary tuberculosis among students in Qinghai Province.

During 2013-2023, 488 cases of adverse outcomes were reported among 6 155 students with pulmonary tuberculosis in Qinghai Province, with an adverse outcome rate of 7.93%. The reporting adverse outcome rate of pulmonary tuberculosis among students showed a downward trend from 2013 to 2023 (APC=-16.20, t=-3.89, P < 0.05). The results of spatial autocorrelation showed that the adverse outcome rate of pulmonary tuberculosis was Moran's I >0 among students in Qinghai Province. Among them, there was a spatially positive correlation in the adverse outcome rate of pulmonary tuberculosis among students in 2020, 2021 and 2022(all Z>1.96, all P < 0.05). The results of clustering and outlier analysis in local spatial autocorrelation showed that the areas with high-high aggregation were mainly concentrated in Yushu Prefecture(Zhiduo County, Zaduo County, Nangqian County, Yushu City), Huangnan Prefecture (Zeku County, Henan County) and Hainan Prefecture (Tongde County). The low-low concentration areas were distributed in Haidong City, Xining City, Haibei Prefecture (Gangcha County, Qilian County), Haixi Prefecture (Tianjun County, Ulan County), Hainan Prefecture (Gonghe County, Guide County) and Huangnan Prefecture (Tongren City, Jianzha County). The spatio-temporal scanning showed that a total of two possible aggregation areas had been detected. Among them, the first-level aggregation area composed of 10 counties and districts in Yushu Prefecture and Guoluo Prefecture of Qinghai Province, and the cluster radius was 658.09 km, the RR was 10.58, and the LLR was 305.91; the second-level aggregation area was composed of 16 counties and districts in Hainan Prefecture, Haixi Prefecture, Huangnan Prefecture and Guoluo Prefecture, and the cluster radius was 407.02 km, the RR was 9.83, and the LLR was 152.48 (both P < 0.05).

The reporting rates of adverse treatment outcome of pulmonary tuberculosis cases among students in Qinghai Province remain relatively high and unevenly distribute throughout the province. Supervision should be strengthened to improve cases compliance, and to reduce student pulmonary tuberculosis adverse treatment outcomes incidence.