To observe the effects and safety of vericiguat tablets combined with roxadustat capsules in hemodialysis patients with heart failure after myocardial infarction.

Hemodialysis patients with chronic heart failure after myocardial infarction were randomly assigned into the treatment group and the control group based on the random number table method. Patients in the control group orally took roxadustat capsules, beta-blockers, angiotensin Ⅱ receptor antagonists, statins, nitrates and lifestyle guidance as appropriate. Roxadustat capsules: for those weighing less than 60 kg, 100 mg per time; for those weighing more than 60 kg, take 120 mg each time; 3 times a week. Patients in the treatment group were given oral administration of vericiguat tablets on this basis, 2.5 mg each time, once a day. The treatment duration lasted six months. The clinical efficacy, heart function-related indicators, apoptosis-related factors, inflammatory factors, endothelial function indicators, anemia, iron metabolism conditions and safety evaluation were compared between the two groups.

A total of 125 cases were enrolled in this study. The treatment group included 63 cases, and the control group included 62 cases. After the treatment, the total effective rates of the treatment group and the control group were 90.48% (57 cases /63 cases) and 77.42% (48 cases /62 cases), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the left ventricular ejection fraction in the treatment and the control groups were (55.87±7.05)% and (50.02±6.13)%, respectively; the left ventricular end systolic volumes were (75.08±14.29) and (80.45±13.88) mL, respectively; the left ventricular end diastolic volumes were (109.61±21.25) and (117.91±24.73) mL, respectively; the 6-minute walking tests were (454.69±38.68) and (409.59±39.68) m, respectively; the B-type natriuretic peptide levels were (530.54± 36.68) and (578.73±43.62) ng·L^-1, respectively; the high-sensitivity troponin Ⅰ levels were (24.62±4.17) and (32.59±4.83) ng·L^-1, respectively; the soluble apoptosis factor levels were (3.15±0.79) and (5.70±0.99) μg·L^-1, respectively; the soluble apoptosis factor ligand levels were (2.30±0.57) and (9.06±1.40) μg·L^-1, respectively; the interleukin-1β levels were (5.47±0.72) and (7.96±0.66) pg·mL^-1, respectively; the interleukin-6 levels were (14.36±2.95) and (18.77±3.11) pg·mL^-1, respectively; the nitric oxide synthase levels were (55.00±5.25) and (50.40±5.83) U·mL^-1, respectively; the nitric oxide levels were (128.86±28.04) and (117.62±23.15)μmol·L^-1, respectively. The above indicators in the treatment group were statistically significantly different from those in the control group (all P<0.05). The main adverse drug reactions in the treatment group were symptomatic hypotension, hyperkalemia and nausea and vomiting, while those in the control group were mainly nausea and vomiting, upper abdominal discomfort and fatigue. The total incidence of adverse drug reactions in the two groups was 9.52% (6 cases /63 cases) and 9.68% (6 cases/62 cases), respectively. There was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05).

Vericiguat tablets combined with roxadusta capsules has improved the cardiac function and ventricular remodeling of hemodialysis patients with chronic heart failure after myocardial infarction, reduced inflammatory factors and apoptosis-related factors, protected vascular endothelia, and achieved remarkable clinical efficacy, which is superior to that of roxadustat capsules alone with basic drugs for chronic heart failure, and has fewer adverse reactions.

To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Shuxuetong injection combined with sacubitril/valsartan tablets in the treatment of patients with cerebral infarction complicated with hypertension.

Patients with cerebral infarction complicated with hypertension admitted to our hospital were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group according to the random number table method. The control group was given sacubitril/valsartan sodium tablets 100 mg each time, twice a day, orally. On the basis of the control group, the treatment group was given Shuxuetong injection 6 mL each time, once a day, intravenously. Both groups were treated for 2 weeks. The clinical efficacy, 24-hour average diastolic and systolic blood pressure, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, activities of daily living (ADL) score, hemorheology (whole blood viscosity, fibrinogen and hematocrit), blood lipids [total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels], serum von Willebrand factor (vWF) and homocysteine (Hcy) levels of the patients in the two groups were compared, and the safety was evaluated.

This study ultimately included 92 patients, with 46 in the treatment group and 46 in the control group. After treatment, the total effective rates of the treatment group and the control group were 93.48% (43 cases/46 cases) and 78.26% (36 cases/46 cases), respectively. The treatment group was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). The NIHSS scores of the treatment group and the control group were (7.93±1.44) and (10.24±1.86) respectively; the ADL scores were (79.02±8.05) and (71.66±7.36) respectively. The NIHSS score of the treatment group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05), and the ADL score was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The systolic blood pressure of the treatment group and the control group was (120.51±12.77) and (136.48±14.29) mmHg, respectively; the diastolic blood pressure was (80.36±9.66) and (89.74±11.02) mmHg, respectively; the whole blood viscosity was (4.69±0.59) and (7.16±0.84) mPa·s, respectively; the fibrinogen level was (3.17±0.65) and (4.41±1.02) g·L^-1, respectively; the hematocrit was 0.30±0.04 and 0.41±0.05, respectively; the total cholesterol level was (4.22±0.54) and (5.86±1.01) mmol·L^-1, respectively; the triglyceride level was (1.35±0.32) and (1.79±0.44) mmol·L^-1, respectively; the LDL-C level was (2.03±0.25) and (2.48±0.38) mmol·L^-1, respectively; the vWF level was (131.57±14.36)% and (144.74±14.61)%, respectively; the Hcy level was (12.32±1.48) and (18.62±2.09) μmol·L^-1, respectively. All the above indicators in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P< 0.05). The adverse reactions in the treatment group mainly included hypotension, hyperkalemia and bleeding. The adverse reactions in the control group mainly included hypotension, hyperkalemia and renal dysfunction. The total incidence of drug adverse reactions in the treatment group and the control group was 10.87% (5 cases/46 cases) and 8.70% (4 cases/46 cases) respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the two group (P> 0.05).

For patients with cerebral infarction and hypertension, the treatment with Shuxuetong injection combined with sacubitril/valsartan sodium tablets shows better therapeutic effects initially. It can improve neurological function, enhance self-care ability, lower blood pressure and lipid levels, and improve hemorheology.

To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of autologous platelet-rich gel (APG) combined with timolol eye drops in postoperative patients with diabetic foot ulcer.

Patients with diabetic foot ulcers who were admitted to the department of endocrinology of our hospital and underwent surgical treatment were divided into control group and treatment group based on postoperative intervention protocols. In control group, wounds were cleaned and disinfected, then evenly covered with 0.5-1.0 cm thick APG, dressed with petrolatum gauze and sterile gauze once weekly for 4 weeks. The treatment group received the same APG treatment combined with timolol maleate eye drops (one drop per square centimeter of wound surface dripped on the inner gauze over APG); dressing was applied after absorption, administered once every two days for 4 weeks. Compare the clinical efficacy, wound progress, serum inflammatory markers, angiogenesis indicators, wound collagen, blood flow in the dorsalis pedis artery and safety between the two groups.

This research included 80 participants, among whom 42 were allocated to control group and 38 to treatment group. After treatment, the treatment group achieved a total clinical efficacy rate of 86.84% (33 cases/38 cases), this outcome was markedly superior to the control group’s 66.67% (28 cases /42 cases), and the inter-group difference was statistical significance (P<0.05). After treatment, the wound area in treatment group and control group were (5.96±1.56) and (6.86±1.84) cm², respectively; wound depth were (0.56±0.08) and (0.62±0.13) cm, respectively; wound symptom scores (TIME) were (3.84±0.79) and (4.26±0.96) points, respectively; wound healing time was (57.18±9.52) and (64.26±11.37) days, respectively; the serum omentin-1 levels were (899.04±86.77) and (853.56±80.25) ng·L^-1, respectively; the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) levels were (211.03±31.73) and (230.25±36.92) μg·L^-1, respectively; the endostatin levels were (38.84±4.73) and (42.05±5.29) ng·L^-1, respectively; the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels were (100.60±12.11) and (93.93±9.92) ng·mL^-1, respectively; the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) levels were (85.58±9.15) and (80.50±8.13) ng·mL^-1, respectively; the basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) levels were (84.33±12.26) and (78.16±10.64) ng·mL^-1, respectively; the type Ⅰ collagen levels were (2.77±0.70) and (2.36±0.63) mg·mL^-1, respectively; the type Ⅲ collagen levels were (2.52±0.75) and (2.09±0.62) mg·mL^-1, respectively; dorsalis pedis artery inner diameter were (2.03±0.33) and (1.85±0.29) mm, respectively; peak flow velocity were (0.79±0.17) and (0.68±0.15) m·s^-1, respectively; blood flow were (21.55±4.30) and (19.38±3.89) mL·min^-1, respectively. The differences of the above indicators between the two groups were all statistically significant (P<0.05, P<0.01). Regarding adverse drug reactions, the treatment group had local pruritus, local dryness and mild stinging; the control group had mild local irritation, and mild redness and swelling. The total incidence of adverse drug reactions in treatment group and control group were 7.89% (3 cases/38 cases) and 7.14% (3 cases/42 cases), respectively, with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).

For patients with diabetic foot ulcers following surgery, the combination therapy of APG and timolol eye drops demonstrates definite clinical efficacy. It effectively promotes wound healing, shortens healing time, alleviates inflammatory responses, enhances angiogenesis and collagen deposition in the wound, and contributes to the improvement of pedal blood supply, all with a favorable safety profile.

To explore the effects of Wilms tumor 1-associating protein (WTAP) rs7766006 polymorphisms on chemotherapy toxicities and clinical prognosis in children with brain tumors.

Pediatric patients with brain tumors who received chemotherapy at our hospital were included as study subjects. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry was used for WTAP rs7766006 genotyping. Clinical data collected included chemotherapy toxicities and tumor progression. The associations of WTAP rs7766006 G>T polymorphisms with chemotherapy toxicities and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed. The expression of WTAP in brain tumors and its prognostic significance, and the potential mechanism of rs7766006 G>T polymorphisms in WTAP expression were explored based on bioinformatics methods.

Among the 107 children with brain tumors included, the rs7766006 GG homozygous, GT heterozygous, and TT homozygous genotypes accounted for 40.19% (43 cases/107 cases), 44.86% (48 cases/107 cases) and 14.95% (16 cases/107 cases), respectively. The frequencies of G and T alleles were 62.62% (134 cases/214 cases) and 37.38% (80 cases/214 cases) respectively. The incidence rates of mucositis in the GG, GT, and TT genotype groups were 53.49% (23cases/43 cases), 27.08% (13 cases/48 cases) and 43.75% (7 caes/16 cases), respectively. The incidence rates of coagulation disorders in three groups were 18.61% (8 cases/43cases), 2.08% (1 case/48 cases) and 6.25% (1 case/16 cases), respectively. The difference in the incidence rates of the two chemotherapy toxicities mentioned above between the GG and GT genotypes was statistically significant (all P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the incidence of other chemotherapy toxicities among the three groups (all P>0.05). The disease progression rates for the GG, GT, and TT genotype groups were 65.12% (28 cases/43 cases), 43.75% (21 cases/48 cases), and 62.50% (10 cases/16 cases), respectively. The risk of disease progression in children with the GG genotype was significantly higher than in those with the GT genotype (P<0.05). Bioinformatics analysis showed that the WTAP expression in brain tumors 6.00±0.66 was significantly higher than that in normal tissues 4.63±1.34 (P<0.001). The median overall survivals for the WTAP high-expression group and the low-expression group were 537 and 2 835 days, respectively (P<0.001). The rs7766006 polymorphism was located in the exonic splicing enhancer site and possibly regulated WTAP expression by affecting alternative splicing.

WTAP rs7766006 GG genotype might be a risk factor for oral mucositis, coagulation disorders, and progression in children with brain tumors.

To evaluate the predictive value of different risk models for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB)-related cirrhosis receiving antiviral therapy with entecavir (ETV), tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), and tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF), and to clarify the effects of pharmacological differences among various nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) on HCC risk, so as to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

A total of 252 treatment-naive patients with CHB-related cirrhosis without a history of HCC who received NA antiviral therapy from May 2015 to May 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. They were divided into the ETV group (n=108), TDF group (n=96), and TAF group (n=48) according to the NA used. Cox proportional hazards model was used to construct an HCC risk prediction model. Patients were classified into low-risk group (0-3 points), intermediate-risk group (4-7 points), and high-risk group (8-13 points) based on the Asia-Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) REALB score. All patients continued to receive corresponding NA therapy and were followed up until the study endpoint. The predictive performance of each risk score was compared using time-dependent area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), and the differences in HCC incidence among different NA groups were analyzed. The main outcome measures included HCC incidence, international normalized ratio (INR), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), diabetes mellitus, drinking history, predictive performance of the REALB score, and prognosis-related effects of different NAs.

A total of 252 patients were screened, and finally 108 patients were assigned to the ETV group, 96 to the TDF group, and 48 to the TAF group. The median follow-up duration was 56.96 months, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was diagnosed in 19.00% (48 cases/252 cases) of patients. The 1year incidence rates of HCC in the ETV, TDF, and TAF groups were 4.63% (5 cases/108 cases), 5.21% (5 cases/96 cases), and 4.17% (2 cases/48 cases), respectively; the 3 year rates were 12.96% (14 cases/108 cases), 13.54% (13 cases/96 cases), and 12.50% (6 cases/48 cases), respectively; and the 5 year rates were 17.59% (19 cases/108 cases), 18.75% (18 cases/96 cases), and 16.67% (8 cases/48 cases), respectively. No statistically significant differences were observed among the three groups (all P>0.05). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis revealed that INR (HR=2.77, 95% CI: 1.46-5.25, P<0.01), AFP (HR=1.00, 95% CI: 1.00-1.00, P<0.05), diabetes mellitus (HR=3.06, 95% CI: 1.54-6.08, P<0.01), and history of alcohol consumption (HR=2.25, 95% CI: 1.04-4.86, P<0.05) were independent risk factors for HCC development. The predictive performance of the REALB score at 3 years (AUROC=0.74) and 5 years (AUROC=0.70) remained higher than that of other models except the RWSHCC model, while its 1year AUROC was similar to those of other models. Statistically significant differences in the 1, 3, and 5 year HCC incidence rates were found between the intermediaterisk group and the highrisk group (all P<0.001).

Different NAs (ETV, TDF, TAF) have comparable efficacy in controlling HCC risk in patients with CHB-related cirrhosis, and differences in their pharmacological properties do not significantly affect HCC risk. The REALB score shows stable and excellent predictive ability for HCC in patients receiving NA antiviral therapy and can be used as a preferred tool for clinical prognosis evaluation.

To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of porcine pulmonary surfactant injection combined with budesonide suspension in premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).

Infants with RDS were divided into control group and treatment group based on treatment methods. The control group received endotracheal administration of poractant alfa injection at 200 mg·kg^-1, with a supplemental dose of 100 mg·kg^-1 after 12 h. The treatment group additionally received inhaled budesonide suspension at 0.25 mg·kg^-1, twice daily. Both groups continued treatment for 3 d. The clinical symptoms and respiratory support parameters, blood gas analysis parameters, serum inflammatory and stress markers, clinical efficacy and safety evaluation were compared between the two groups.

A total of 136 were enrolled, with 59 cases in treatment group and 65 cases in control group. After treatment, the total efficacy rates in treatment group and control group were 89.83% (53 cases /59 cases) and 78.46% (49 cases /65 cases), respectively; time to disappearance of tachypnea were (36.85±5.62) and (39.52±7.15) h, respectively; time to disappearance of retractions were (40.58±7.93) and (43.88±8.61) h, respectively; time to disappearance of lung rales were (49.34±7.96) and (54.18±9.63) h, respectively; duration of mechanical ventilation were (4.15±0.78) and (4.45±0.87) d, respectively; total duration of oxygen therapy were (7.56±1.32) and (8.12±1.13) d, respectively; duration of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay were (17.42±2.55) and (18.66±3.28) d, respectively; partial pressure of oxygen (PaO₂) levels were (65.24±9.24) and (61.58±9.85) mmHg, respectively; partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂) levels were (41.85±6.61) and (44.92±7.13) mmHg, respectively; oxygenation indexes (OI) were 8.44±0.95 and 8.92±1.16, respectively; interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were (45.78±5.42) and (48.74±7.25) pg·mL^-1, respectively; C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were (11.63±1.56) and (12.65±3.04) mg·L^-1, respectively; cortisol (Cor) levels were (296.54±36.87) and (315.16±45.32) nmol·L^-1, respectively; adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels were (61.23±7.65) and (65.20±9.48) pg·mL^-1, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the above indexes between treatment group and control group (all P<0.05). During treatment, the main adverse drug reactions in treatment group included air leak syndrome, pulmonary hemorrhage, decreased blood oxygen saturation, hyperglycemia and bradycardia; the control group included pulmonary hemorrhage, decreased oxygen saturation, hyperglycemia and bradycardia. The total incidence of adverse drug reactions in treatment group and control group were 13.56% (8 cases/59 cases) and 13.85% (9 cases/65 cases), respectively, with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05).

Poractant alfa injection combined with budesonide suspension can improve the total effective rate of treatment for RDS in preterm infants, accelerate symptom relief, inhibit inflammatory response and oxidative stress, without increasing the risk of additional adverse drug reactions.

To explore the effect and safety of rituximab injection in the treatment of patients with primary membranous nephropathy (PMN).

PMN patients were selected as the study subjects and divided into control group and treatment group according to envelope method. Patients in control group received valsartan capsules, 80 mg·d^-1, and the patients in treatment group was treated with 375 mg·m^-2 rituximab injection, (once a week, and adjusted to once per month after one month of therapy) on the basis of control group. Both groups received continuous treatment for six months. The clinical efficacy, renal function indexes (24-hour urine protein, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen), immune cells (Th1 cells, Th2 cells, Th17 cells), immune-related factors [immunoglobulin G subtype 4 (IgG4), interleukin-4 (IL-4)], vascular endothelial cell function [plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), endothelin-1 (ET-1)], soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) levels were compared and analyzed and the safety were evaluated.

The clinical effective rates of the treatment group and the control group were 86.49% (64 cases/74cases) and 63.51% (47 cases/74 cases), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). After treatment, the 24 h urine protein in the control group and the experimental group were (2.03±0.39) and (1.49±0.32) g·24 h^-1, respectively; the serum creatinine were (98.11±12.29) and (76.69±10.12) μmoL·L^-1, respectively; blood urea nitrogen was (7.39±0.89) and (6.08±1.27) mmoL·L^-1, respectively; the proportion of Th2 cells were (0.92±0.11) % and (0.76±0.13) %, respectively; the levels of sST2 were (1.59±0.38) and (1.19±0.31) ng·mL^-1, respectively; the levels of TLR4 were (125.09±13.91) and (91.58±10.67) ng·mL^-1; the levels of ET-1 were (53.58±5.34) and (41.77±4.35) pg·mL^-1. The differences of the above indicators between two groups were all statistically significant (all P<0.01). The drug adverse effects of treatment group and the control group were 16.22% (12 cases/74 cases) and 13.51% (10 cases/74 cases) (P>0.05).

Rituximab injection is beneficial for primary membranous nephropathy to improve renal function and vascular endothelial cell function, reduce the release of sST2 and TLR4, reduce the expression of immune-related factors, improve clinical efficacy, and have a good safety profile.

To investigation the effect of arbutin on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced injury of cardiomyocytes (H9C2) through the neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1(Notch1)/hairy and enhancer of split 1 (Hes1) signaling pathway.

An H/R-induced H9C2 cell injury model was established. The optimal intervention concentration of arbutin was screened by pretreating cells with various concentrations (12.50-200.00 μmol·L^-1). H9C2 cells were divided into a normal group, a model group, experimental-L, M, H groups (25.00, 50.00, and 100.00 μmol·L^-1 arbutin, respectively), and an inhibitor group {100.00 μmol·L^-1 arbutin+10.00 μmol·L^-1 N-[N-(3, 5-difluorophenacetyl)-L-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester (DAPT)}. Cells in the normal group were cultured under normal conditions, while H/R models were established in the remaining groups. All treatment groups received arbutin pretreatment at concentrations ranging from 12.50 to 200.00 μmol·L^-1 for 24 hours before modeling. Cell proliferation was detected by the CCK-8 assay, and apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL assay; mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by JC-1; reactive oxygen species (ROS), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were detected using kits. Expression of Notch1, Hes1, Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 was detected by Western blot.

Arbutin at concentrations of 25.00–200.00 μmol·L^-1 significantly increased the survival rate of H/R-induced H9C2 cells (P<0.05). Arbutin at 25.00, 50.00, and 100.00 μmol·L^-1 was selected as the low, medium, and high doses for subsequent experiments. The creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB) levels in the normal group, model group, experimental-H group, and inhibitor group were (2.45±0.39), (8.72±0.82), (3.56±0.42), and (5.48±0.57) U·mL^-1, respectively; the cTnI levels were (22.58±2.23), (68.34±5.96), (30.12±3.26), and (49.62±5.15) ng·L^-1, respectively; the LDH levels were (53.42±5.44), (163.72±13.41), (65.45±6.57), and (98.33±9.85) U·L^-1, respectively; the relative ROS levels were 1.01±0.12, 3.34±0.35, 1.46±0.18, and 2.24±0.23, respectively; the SOD levels were (96.23±8.12), (24.31±2.24), (78.39±7.93), and (43.78±4.49) U·mg^-1, respectively; the GSH-Px levels were (74.82±7.55), (16.42±1.83), (61.32±6.29), and (35.72±3.38) U·mg^-1, respectively; the MDA levels were (15.45±2.03), (58.33±5.57), (21.56±2.24), and (42.47±4.13) μmol·L^-1, respectively; the apoptosis rates were (2.45±0.39)%, (29.86±3.25)%, (9.86±0.91)%, and (21.34±2.25)%, respectively; the red/green fluorescence intensity ratios were (5.78±0.65)%, (1.42±0.20)%, (4.89±0.54)%, and (2.85±0.33)%, respectively; the Notch1 protein expression levels were 1.27±0.12, 0.34±0.03, 1.05±0.08, and 0.54±0.05, respectively; the Hes1 protein expression levels were 0.95±0.10, 0.25±0.03, 0.81±0.08, and 0.57±0.05, respectively; the Bcl-2 protein expression levels were 1.01±0.11, 0.31±0.03, 0.89±0.08, and 0.61±0.06, respectively; the Bax protein expression levels were 0.45±0.04, 1.34±0.12, 0.61±0.06, and 0.93±0.09, respectively; and the caspase-3 protein expression levels were 0.23±0.03, 0.91±0.09, 0.37±0.04, and 0.64±0.06, respectively. Comparisons between the normal group and the model group, between the model group and the experimental-L, M, H groups, and between the experimental-H group and the inhibitor group all showed statistically significant differences for the above indicators (all P<0.05).

Arbutin alleviates H/R-induced H9C2 cell injury by activating the Notch1/Hes1 pathway and inhibiting oxidative stress.

To explore the effects of woginostatin (WOG) on the biological behaviors of gastric cancer cells through long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (LncRNA SNHG16)/microRNA (miR)-302a-3p/E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1).

In cell experiment, human gastric cancer cells (MGC-803) were divided into cell control group (normal culture), cell experimental-H group (100 μmol·L^-1 WOG treated cells), oe-NC group (transfected oe-NC), oe-LncSNHG16 group (transfected oe-LncSNHG16), mimic-NC group (transfected mimic-NC), miR-302a-3p mimic group (transfected miR-302a-3p mimic), WOG + oe-NC group (transfected oe-NC based on 100 μmol·L^-1 WOG treated cells), WOG + oe-LncSNHG16 group (transfected oe-LncSNHG16 based on 100 μmol·L^-1 WOG treated cells), WOG +oe-LncSNHG16+miR-302a-3p mimic group (transfection of oe-LncSNHG16 and miR-302a-3p mimic on the basis of 100 μmol·L^-1WOG treatment group). In animal experiment, the subcutaneous transplanted tumor model of gastric cancer was established in BALB/C male nude mice. The nude mice were randomly divided into animal experimental-L, -M and -H dose groups (15, 30 and 60 mg·kg^-1 WOG gavage), and the animal control group was gavaged with equal volume of physiological saline, with 10 mice in each group. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the relative expression levels of LncRNA SNHG16, miR-302a-3p and E2F1. The cell viability was detected using the cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8). The cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis were detected using 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (Edu), Transwell and in situ terminal transferase labeling technique (TUNEL).

In cell experiment, the relative expression levels of LncRNASNHG16 in cell control group, cell experimental-H group, mimic-NC group, miR-302a-3p mimic group, oe-NC group and oe- LncSNHG16 group were 1.00±0.13, 0.47±0.05, 1.00±0.10, 0.81±0.12, 1.02±0.09 and 3.76±0.41, respectively; the relative expression levels of miR-302a-3p were 1.00±0.11, 3.60±0.39, 1.00±0.09, 3.74±0.32, 0.97±0.10 and 0.27±0.03, respectively; the relative expression levels of E2F1 mRNA were 1.00±0.14, 0.23±0.02, 1.00±0.10, 0.33±0.03, 0.95±0.08 and 2.18±0.25, respectively. Compared the cell experimental-H group with cell control group, compared miR-302a-3p mimic group with mimic-NC group and compared oe-LncSNHG16 group with oe-NC group, the above indicators were all statistically significantly different (P<0.01, P<0.001). The proliferation rates of cell control group, cell experimental-H group, WOG + oe-LncSNHG16 group and WOG + oe-LncSNHG16 + miR-302a-3p mimic group were (95.04±10.14)%, (36.36±4.75)%, (97.64±11.04)% and (31.87±3.56)%, respectively; the number of invasive cells were (147.36±15.01), (43.31±6.25), (153.45±15.22) and (37.35±5.04), respectively; the apoptosis rates were (7.83±0.83)%, (35.77±4.38)%, (8.44±0.88)% and (29.35±3.09)%, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the above indexes between the cell experimental-H group and the cell control group, between the WOG + oe-LncSNHG16 group and the cell experimental-H group, and between the WOG + oe-LncSNHG16 group and the WOG + oe-LncSNHG16 + miR-302a-3p mimic group (all P<0.001). In animal experiment, the tumor volume of animal control group and animal experimental-L,-M,-H groups were (2 554.50±280.41), (2 194.10±234.22), (1 512.40±166.75) and (1 146.20±124.32) mm³, respectively; the tumor mass was (2.13±0.28), (1.84±0.23), (1.65±0.21) and (1.32±0.14) g, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the above indicators between experimental-L, -M, -H groups and animal control group (P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.001).

WOG can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells and promote their apoptosis. This may be related to the regulation of the LncRNA SNHG16/miR-302a-3p/E2F1 axis, which blocks the cell cycle.

To explore the mechanism of the inhibitory effects of plumbagin on the malignant biological behaviors and glycolysis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells through fibronectin type Ⅲ domain-containing protein 3B (FNDC3B).

Human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells (TCA8113) in the logarithmic growth phase were obtained. TCA8113 cells were divided into blank group (normal cultured), experimental-L, M, and H group (TCA8113 cells were treated with 1, 2 and 4 μmol·L^-1 plumbagin), oe-NC group (TCA8113 cells were transfected with the negative control plasmid oe-NC), oe-FNDC3B group (TCA8113 cells were transfected with oe-FNDC3B), experimental-H+oe-NC group (based on experimental-H group, transfected with the oe-NC plasmid) and experimental-H+oe-FNDC3B group (based on experimental-H group, transfected with the oe-FNDC3B plasmid). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect FNDC3B mRNA relative expression levels. Cell viability was assessed using the methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cell invasion was evaluated using the Transwell assay. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect the protein relative expression levels of FNDC3B, hexokinase 2 (HK2) and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA). Cell apoptosis was detected using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay.

The numbers of invasive cells in blank group, experimental-H group, experimental-H+oe-NC group and experimental-H+oe-FNDC3B group were (89.71±13.59), (69.67±14.78), (62.33±10.11) and (158.23±20.95), respectively; the apoptosis rates were (10.07±2.41)%, (23.38±4.75)%, (20.65±5.43)% and (8.44±1.18)%, respectively; the relative expression levels of HK2 were 1.00±0.15, 0.58±0.09, 0.55±0.07 and 0.71±0.10, respectively; the relative expression levels of LDHA were 1.00±0.12, 0.63±0.11, 0.61±0.09 and 0.89±0.15, respectively; the relative expression levels of P53 were 1.00±0.15, 1.59±0.31, 1.64±0.28 and 1.25±0.22, respectively; the relative expression levels of P21 were 1.00±0.13, 1.51±0.26, 1.48±0.19 and 1.19±0.17, respectively; the relative expression levels of CDK6 were 1.00±0.13, 0.28±0.04, 0.33±0.06 and 0.79±0.12, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the above indicators between experimental-H group and blank group, and between experimental-H+oe-FNDC3B group and experimental-H+oe-NC group (all P<0.05).

Plumbagin may promote the apoptosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells, and inhibit the invasion and glycolysis of cancer cells by regulating the P53/P21/CDK6 signaling pathway through FNDC3B.