As the third-generation therapeutics following small-molecule drugs and biologics, small nucleic acid drugs have become a hotspot in innovative drug research and development due to their strong targeting, unique mechanism of action, and great potential for expanded indications. They have demonstrated significant clinical value in rare diseases, cardiovascular diseases and other therapeutic areas. Antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) drugs, as a major category of small nucleic acid drugs, are driving the overall development of nucleic acid therapeutics. Clinical pharmacology research is a critical step in drug research and translational development, which directly determines the rationality of dosage, safety, and clinical efficacy of drugs. Based on the structural characteristics, mechanism of action, and research and development features of ASO drugs, this paper systematically reviews the key issues in their clinical pharmacology research, providing a reference for improving the efficiency of clinical research and development of ASO drugs in China.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |