To systematically review the research progress and current status of fault analysis in civil aircraft flight control systems，both domestically and internationally，this review study was carried out. The study focused on identifying typical fault types of flight control systems through analysing QAR data. Firstly，the process of QAR data preprocessing and feature extraction was summarized. Secondly，based on the performance metrics achievable by fault analysis，four stages of fault research were proposed，including fault monitoring，fault identification，fault diagnosis，and fault prediction. Finally，by combining the progress and depth of domestic and international research，typical fault types of flight control systems were identified，including rudder hydraulic leakage，inconsistent elevator indications，and flap actuation delays. Commonly used QAR data items for modeling include aircraft primary control surface positions，flight attitudes，aircraft performance，left and right flap angles，and flap positions. Calculation methods encompass physical models，multivariate statistics，logical reasoning，and machine learning. The results show that through a systematic analysis of the latest research progress in subsystems such as rudder，elevator，and flaps，it is found that certain achievements have been made in fault types，parameter selection，and the improvement of calculation methods. However，the fault research stage is primarily focused on fault diagnosis or non-real-time prediction. Further emphasis is required on addressing safety assurance and practical maintenance needs to achieve real-time fault prediction technology.

In order to strengthen the understanding of the contribution of the risk zoo to risk culture construction and explore its practical and applied value，the mechanism and path of cultural identity of the risk zoo were explored based on cultural identity theory. As an important carrier of risk culture construction，the cultural identity path of risk zoo also follows the framework of risk culture identity system. The cultural identity system of the risk zoo was presented from two aspects: individual and group. The results show that individual identity develops progressively along the path of value identity→emotional identity→behavioral identity，and group identity develops progressively along the path of risk concept→risk communication→risk participation. Cultural identity is the basis for the practical application of the risk zoo，and the practical application framework of the risk zoo should be carried out in accordance with the cultural identity system. It can actively guide individuals to build a healthy risk awareness and lead groups to create a good risk culture through the creation of a science popularization platform that combines online and offline，and places equal emphasis on professionalism and communication.

In order to solve the problems of lack of timeliness in the evaluation indicators of urban rail transit operation safety and some safety evaluation models ignoring the fuzzy boundaries of evaluation levels，a new evaluation index system for the operation safety of urban rail transit lines was reconstructed，including new indicators such as the implementation of infectious disease prevention and control measures by employees，the degree of cooperation between relevant units，and the completeness of prevention and control equipment. Secondly，the combination weighting of various indicators was carried out using the Best Worst Method (BWM) based on the minimization of dispersion and the anti-entropy weighting method. Then，the extension cloud was applied to determine the safety evaluation level of urban rail transit line operation. Finally，take Shanghai Metro Line 17 as an example for analysis. The results indicate that the comprehensive cloud correlation degrees of various indicators for the operational safety assessment of Shanghai Metro Line 17 are below 0.5，with a confidence level exceeding 0.99，among which the confidence levels for personnel factors，line factors，and management factors are all 1. This suggests that the employed indicator system and evaluation model are closely aligned with the current operational conditions of urban rail transit，accurately reflecting the safety levels of urban rail transit operations. Further analysis of the sensitivity of indicator values reveals that the reliability of station operational equipment has the most significant impact on the actual operational safety of the line. In practical operations，the degree of passenger cooperation in preventing and controlling infectious diseases at stations has the greatest potential to improve the indicator. It can help subway companies establish a more scientific and effective safety evaluation system to ensure the safety of daily line operations.

In order to investigate the influence of flat curve，longitudinal curve，and flat-long combination of line shapes on the severity of traffic accidents on mountain highways，firstly，the line shape data of a 263 km section of a mountain highway and the 1 870 accidents occurring on the section in five years were statistically analyzed and classified. Then，according to the structural form of the research data，the stochastic parametric logit model was established，and then the model was utilized to study the effect of the combination of line shapes on the severity of accidents. The results show that: the factors of ratio of curve (ROC)，weighted curvature (CW)，and delta slope (ΔS₂) are associated with an increase in property damage-only accidents，whereas the combination of slope lengths (CSL) is associated with a decrease in property damage-only accidents; the weighted curvature (CW=0.6-0.7) and continuous uphill slope are associated with an increase in accidents with minor injuries，and the factors of weighted curvature (CW=0.3-0.4)，delta slope (ΔS₁)，and ratio of curve (ROC) were associated with a decrease in accidents with minor injuries; the variation rate of curvature (VRC)，contiguous radius of front and behind (CRF，CRB)，and combination of slope and radius (CSR) were associated with an increase in accidents with serious injuries or fatalities，and the ratio of curve (ROC) was associated with a decrease in accidents with serious injuries or fatalities; and the combination of linear shapes had a significant effect on the severity of accidents.

In order to mitigate the catastrophic consequences resulting from various accidents，F-N curve method was employed to conduct research on societal risk acceptance criteria for typical ships in the Yangtze River. Combined with the actual data of the bulk carriers on Yangtze River，the sensitivity analysis of the key parameters that determine the region boundary of ALARP was carried out，including EV，the risk aversion factor and the upper limit of the fatalities in one accident. For the bulk carriers，the general societal risk acceptance criterion was established. Considering the society's risk aversion to a large number of deaths，an improved acceptance criterion was proposed. Furthermore，the historical accident data of bulk carriers in the Yangtze River from 2010 to 2019 were collected. Through data analysis and frequency calculation，the societal risk of the bulk carriers caused by collision，grounding，contact，stranding，sinking，fire/explosion and wind disaster were determined，and risk assessment was conducted using the acceptance criteria established in this paper. It is shown that the risk aversion factor is the most crucial parameter to determine whether the criterion is strict enough. The number of fatalities corresponding to the horizontal intercept of the upper boundary line of ALARP region for the improved criterion is 9.55% of that of the general criterion，while considering the horizontal intercept of the lower boundary line of ALARP region，the percentage is 44.44%，which means that the improved criterion is more stringent and exhibits stronger aversion to a larger number of deaths.

This paper proposed an evaluation method for emergency logistics facility site selection schemes in uncertain environments based on IT2F-BWM-MABAC. Firstly，in response to the fuzzy uncertainty problem of evaluation information in the evaluation process of emergency logistics facility site selection schemes，an IT2F set was used for processing，and the site selection schemes were ranked in MABAC. In order to address the issue of obtaining attribute weights from external sources in traditional MABAC，BWM based on IT2F was adopted to determine the weights of attributes. Finally，the method proposed in this article was applied to the evaluation of emergency logistics facility location schemes in a certain city，and the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed location method were verified. The results show that the proposed method can solve the problem of emergency logistics facility location selection in uncertain environments while ensuring the quality of scheme evaluation.

To explore the multi-departmental emergency response cooperation relationship of geological disasters in China，geological disaster emergency management plans at the provincial，municipal，and county levels were obtained from a geological disaster-prone province. Focusing on functional departments involved in geological disaster emergency response，a provincial-municipal-county level geological disaster emergency cooperation network model was proposed based on the social network analysis method. The theme block matrix was calculated by the centrality and iterative correlation convergence method (CONCOR) iterating correlation matrix to divide the structural hierarchy of sub-groups among functional departments. The density matrix was used to investigate the relationship patterns among subgroups and analyze the centrality，cohesiveness，and interaction of emergency departments at all levels in the geological disaster emergency cooperation network. The results showed that emergency departments had different interdependencies and small groups in geological disaster emergency cooperation，and the cooperation pattern had issues such as uneven coordination and blocked information resources. Generally，the relationship between provincial and municipal emergency cooperation was relatively close，but the overall structure and relationship pattern of the county-level emergency cooperation network were relatively isolated with a low level of connection between some organizational structures. Therefore，it is necessary to further strengthen the coordination ability among various functional departments and improve the organizational structure construction of county-level government in emergency management.

To clarify the accident causes and their association rules of strike accidents in hydropower project construction，specific accident prevention strategies were proposed to curb accidents at source. Based the selected object strike accidents during hydropower construction process，14 accident causal parameters were summarized using text mining from four perspectives including worker，machine，environment and management. Moreover，an importance analysis model was proposed by coupling association rules and the DEMATEL approach to analyze the interrelated relationship between causes and determine major accident causes. The results showed that the accident causes of object strikes in hydropower projects were closely related to each other，among which inadequate safety supervision and inspection，illegal operations，insufficient safety protection，and weak safety awareness directly affected the accident's occurrence. Furthermore，the deeper causing factors of accidents were incomplete on-site cleaning，insufficient disclosure of safety technology，and inadequate safety education. Weak safety awareness ranked first in terms of centrality and had the greatest influence on the accident causation system，thereby the above causative factors should be emphasized in project construction.

In order to improve the service level of emergency refuge in the process of disaster management，from the perspective of flood disaster，four indexes were selected: risk of disaster causing factor，sensitivity of disaster-bearing environment，vulnerability of carrier and ability of disaster prevention and reduction. The spatial distribution of flood risk was identified through the AHP-entropy weight method model. Its risk value was introduced as a weight to minimize uncovered risk. Combined with minimizing the weighted evacuation distance and minimizing the accessibility difference，a multi-target shelter location selection model was constructed from the perspective of fairness，efficiency and balance. The improved NSGA-II algorithm was used to solve the model，and the existing shelter layout in Xianyou County，Putian City was used as an example for model verification. The results show that compared with the existing shelter layout，the total evacuation distance，uncovered risk value and accessibility difference coefficient in the optimized layout scheme are reduced by 35.90%，61.47% and 33.62% respectively.

In order to reduce the incidence of firefighter training injury，a firefighter training injury risk assessment index system containing 19 indexes was proposed from three aspects: individual factors，environmental factors and organizational management factors. The BON-OWA operator was used to correct the error of analytic hierarchy process(AHP) to obtain the subjective weight，and the criteria importance through intercriteria correlation(CRITIC) method was used to determine the objective weight. The game theory combinatorial weighting method was used to integrate the subjective weight and the objective weight to determine the combined weight. The risk assessment model of firefighter training injury was established based on the cloud model theory. The scientificity of the model was verified by the firefighter training in a fire rescue brigade in Henan province. The results show that the combat equipment performance condition index has the greatest impact on the risk level of firefighter training injury; The risk assessment model can determine the risk level of firefighter training injury by data processing. In the case，risk levels of firefighter training injury under five different scenarios are all general risk，which is consistent with the risk level obtained by the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.