Against the background of growing global energy demand, the rate of extraction of various types of mineral resources is accelerating. However, with the increase of mining depth, the problem of high temperature and heat damage is gradually highlighted. The high temperature and heat damage not only affect the normal operation of various types of machinery and equipment, but also pose a serious threat to the safe production of the mine. The causes and effects of heat damage in mines were analyzed. At the same time, taking a hard rock uranium mine in the south of China as an example, through numerical simulation and other methods, the thermal and physical parameters of the surrounding rock of the mine, the geothermal field of the mine and the deep thermal environment were studied in depth, and on this basis, the existing problems of the mine were analysed, and the cooling technology was proposed.

The safety of uranium tailings pond is especially important, while static and dynamic mechanical characteristic of uranium tailings is the basement of safety analysis and evaluation of tailings pond. This paper took one of southern uranium tailings pond as research target, and by means of function fitting and picturizing, systematically studied the regularity of space-time distribution of uranium tailings layers, as well as transformation law and inner mechanism of physical, mechanical and dynamic characteristic of uranium tailings, including indexes such as density, void ratio, coefficient of consolidation, filtration coefficient, internal friction angle, cohesion, dynamic modulus of elasticity, dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio. The result can provide an important guiding significance for the construction, operation and safety analysis of uranium tailings pond.

The radioactivity of investigation, analysis and evaluation of liquid effluent such as mine water, tailings pond effluent and process wastewater produced by a uranium mine were conducted, the radioactivity level of liquid effluent and the pollution of accepted water were mastered, and the radiation impact of liquid effluent on local residents through various pollution channels was evaluated. The results show that the discharge concentrations of U, ²²⁶Ra, ²¹⁰Pb and ²¹⁰Po in the mine water, process wastewater and tailings pond effluent meet the limit requirements. The concentration of U in the middle and lower reaches of the accepted water body is slightly higher than the background level, and the concentrations of ²²⁶Ra, ²¹⁰Pb and ²¹⁰Po are among the normal background levels. The maximum personal dose caused by liquid effluent from uranium mine was 1.45×10^-3 mSv/a of 20 km, and the maximum collective effective dose was 2.35×10^-4 man·Sv/a of 20 km. The key resident group was the population group of WNW orientation in the >2~5 km area. The liquid effluent of uranium mining is discharged into the receiving water after reaching the standard, which has little impact on local radiation.

Uranium tailings pond is a major safety and environmental hazard, and it is very important to ensure the safety and reliability under all conditions (including extreme disaster condition). Seismic condition is an important extraordinary working condition affecting the safety of uranium tailings ponds. Focused on the renovation project of a uranium tailings pond, the three-dimensional dynamic finite element method is applied to simulate and analyze seismic condition of uranium tailings pond for the first time. HS small model and UBC3D-PLM model constitutive model are selected to simulate and analyze a uranium tailings pond by dynamic finite element method. Seismic wave characteristic parameters and tailings dynamic characteristic parameters are taken into the finite element seismic dynamic simulation calculation, and the extreme conditions of rare earthquake are considered in the calculation, the displacement nephogram, acceleration nephogram, acceleration time history curve, potential liquefaction range and incremental displacement nephogram are obtained. The results show that the displacement of the dam body increases continuously under earthquake action, and the displacements of dam body decrease obviously after the implementation of the renovation project; there is no obvious change in the acceleration response caused by the renovation project; the liquefaction area is mainly distributed in the slope of the filled dam below the rock-filled platform, mainly in shallow layers (depth of about 3~6 m), and the improvement of liquefaction is limited. The stability safety factor of the dam body under rare earthquake increases from 0.975 to 1.061, the security of rare earthquake condition gets fundamental improvement.

Some uranium mining and metallurgy soil ²²⁶Ra background value can not be determined, because of historical background and decommissioning knowledge in the early year. Based on analyzing the influencing factors of soil ²²⁶Ra value, natural factors determine soil ²²⁶Ra background value and human factors cause the soil ²²⁶Ra value to rise. It is difficult to investigate soil ²²⁶Ra background value at the contaminated site. In order to reduce the influence of human factors, monitoring plan, minimum sample size, and investigation statistical method are researched from surrounding soil of the site. Based on an example of the uranium mining and metallurgy decommissioning site, the feasibility of the supplemental investigation method is verified. The investigation statistical method can provide support for the engineering design and practice of uranium mining and metallurgy decommissioning.

Taking the stope of a uranium mine as the research object, based on the characteristics of the ore body and existing engineering experience, the upward horizontal slicing mining method is selected. The mining scheme model with different stope structural parameters is established by using the numerical method of FLAC3D. Through the numerical simulation of the stope mining and backfilling process, the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the stope stress field, displacement field and plastic zone are analyzed. The stability of stope is studied. The results show that the horizontal stratified height of 2 m is safer and more stable than 4 m, especially in the early mining period. With the development of mining operations, the stress concentration area of the stope gradually expands, and there are obvious stress areas through the top and bottom of the mining area. With the progress of backfill, the distribution of compressive stress inside the backfill body is more uniform, showing a small compressive stress, and the stress change amplitude is not large in the later period. The displacement at the intersection of roadway and stope is the largest, and in the early stage of mining backfill operation, the growth rate is fast and the near-vertical jump growth occurs. The displacement changes at the middle part of roadway and the top plate in the middle part of stope show phased changes, and the overall displacement is small.

The history of uranium mining & metallurgy industry in China is reviewed, and the status of radioactive waste management system and waste disposal are introduced. On basis of analyzing the existing problems, the basic idea, work target, key tasks and guarantee measures of uranium mining & metallurgy waste management are put forward, which can provide guidance for science management of uranium mining & metallurgy waste in the future.

The calcination process in uranium dioxide production is a crucial link that affects the indicators (tetravalent uranium) of uranium dioxide products. The mechanism of decomposition and reduction of AUC to produce UO₂ is discussed, and the main factors and control measures affecting the tetravalent uranium content in the product are identified. It is found that the oxidation of UO₂ leading to unacceptable tetravalent uranium levels cannot be directly measured but is a significant factor. Common reasons for tetravalent uranium levels being unacceptable, such as material abnormalities, equipment failures, and abnormal operations, are summarized. Equipment failures and abnormal operations are particularly prone to causing the oxidation of UO₂ leading to unacceptable tetravalent uranium levels. Therefore, the weak points in the quality of natural uranium dioxide product mainly lie in equipment failures during the calcination of AUC and abnormal operations in the cooling process.

In order to improve the production efficiency of mining enterprises and reduce production costs, choose west of Mengqiguer uranium P0 prospecting line as the pilot to study the layout principle and construction technology application of exploration and mining combined engineering. The practice shows that compared with the traditional construction process, the combination of exploration with mining not only achieves the purpose of geological exploration, but also meets the needs of mining and metallurgy production, and achieves the optimization of time benefit, economic benefit and environmental benefit.

In the majority of reactors, a proportion of the combustible neutron poisons is incorporated into the fuel rods with the intention of increasing their burnup depth, thereby extending the operational lifespan of the core and enhancing the economic efficiency of the process. Erbium (Er) is a common combustible neutron poison, and in order to address the issue of on-line monitoring of the Er elemental content during the production of such fuel rods, a solution must be found. A novel approach, namely Prompt Gamma-ray Neutron Activation Analysis (PGNAA), is employed, which is well-suited to large-volume samples and can be detected online. Utilising the americium-beryllium (AmBe) isotope neutron source and high-purity germanium to establish an experimental measurement platform, with erbium oxide (Er₂O₃) selected as the sample. This is also combined with the MCNP to perform simulation calculations. The results demonstrate that the mass and the net area of the characteristic peaks of the sample exhibit a linear variation after correction for neutron self-shielding. The mass detection limit of the platform for erbium was 24.2 g, with a relative standard deviation of 3.65% and a relative error of 3.47%. The accuracy and precision were affected by the statistical fluctuations inherent to the data set. Subsequent optimisation of the equipment will enhance the accuracy and precision. The results demonstrate the feasibility of this method for online monitoring and establish a foundation for the subsequent use of thermal neutrons to measure the elemental content of erbium and to correct the neutron self-shielding effect of large-volume samples.