To explore the Rap1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in inducing apoptosis of mouse spermatocytes (GC-2 spd) induced by tris (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP)the role of death.

GC-2 spd cells were treated with 0, 15, 30, and 60 μmol/L TDCIPP for 24 hours.Using flow cytometry to detect cell expression levels, Western blotting to examine the expression levels of Rap1, PI3K, AKT, phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) proteins, as well as related proteins cleared PARP and cleared Caspase-3 in cells, and apoptosis-related proteins cleaved PARP and cleaved Caspase-3 in the cells. ESI09 was used to inhibit the expression of Rap1 protein in GC-2 spd cells, followed by exposure to TDCIPP. Western blotting and flow cytometry were used to respectively assess the protein levels of PI3K, AKT, p-AKT, cleaved PARP, and cleaved Caspase-3, as well as the level of cell apoptosis.

Compared to the control group, the cell apoptosis and expression of cleaved PARP and cleaved Caspase-3 proteins were significantly increased in the TDCIPP-exposed cells (P<0.01). The expression level of Rap1 was significantly increased (P<0.01), while the expression levels of PI3K, AKT, and p-AKT were decreased (P<0.01). Compared to the TDCIPP-exposed group, the expression of Rap1 was down-regulated (P<0.01), while the expression levels of PI3K, AKT, and p-AKT proteins were up-regulated (P<0.05) in the cells co-treated with ESI09 and TDCIPP. Meanwhile, the expression levels of cleaved PARP and cleaved Caspase-3 in the cells, as well as the level of cell apoptosis, were significantly reduced (P<0.05).

TDCIPP induces overexpression of Rap1 protein and obstructs PI3K/AKT signaling transduction, eventually leading to apoptosis of mouse spermatocytes.

To understand the epidemiological characteristics and trends of infant deaths due to perinatal diseases in China from 2012 to 2021, in order to provide a reference for the development of related prevention measures and policies.

An epidemiological analysis was conducted on the data of infant deaths due to perinatal diseases from 0-year-old group in the "Chinese Cause of Death Surveillance Dataset" for the years 2012-2021. The average annual percent change (AAPC) in mortality rates was analyzed using the Joinpoint regression model.

The overall mortality rate of infants due to perinatal diseases in China showed a downward trend from 2012 to 2021 (AAPC=-11.89, P<0.001). A declining trend was observed in both male and female infants, as well as urban and rural infants, with AAPCs of -11.73%, -11.98%, -18.70%, and -18.50%, respectively. There was a turning point in the trend for urban infants (APC=-5.20, P=0.124 for 2012-2016 and APC=-18.70, P<0.001 for 2016-2021). The annual average mortality rate due to perinatal diseases was higher in male infants (1.79 per thousand) than in female infants (1.36 per thousand) (χ²=776.474, P<0.001), and higher in rural infants (1.55 per thousand) than in urban infants (0.46 per thousand) (χ²=75.394, P<0.001). The overall mortality rates of "low birth weight, birth trauma and asphyxia, and others" showed a downward trend (AAPCs of -14.10%, -11.10%, and -9.60%, respectively, P<0.001), with differences between urban and rural areas observed in all three perinatal diseases (P<0.001 for each).

The mortality rate of infants due to perinatal diseases in China shows a general downward trend from 2012 to 2021, but the situation of deaths caused by perinatal diseases remains severe. The gap between urban and rural areas is significant, and priority should be given to the perinatal preventive health care of male infants and rural infants.

To explore the optimal prediction model for hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Hubei province, and to provide a basis for establishing a monitoring and early warning model for HFRS.

Using monthly surveillance data of HFRS incidence in Hubei province from 2005 to 2021, eight single time series models based on exponential smoothing (ETS), seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) with and without regression variables, a state space model with Box-Cox transformation, ARMA errors, trend, and seasonal components (TBATS), a time series neural network model (NNETAR) with and without regression variables, a linear regression time series model (TSLM), and a cubic spline prediction model (SPLINEF) were used to build 162 models through 1-4 model combinations. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) was used as an evaluation index to evaluate the fitting and prediction performance of the models. The comprehensive fitting and prediction performance were evaluated by calculating the mean MAPE of fitting and prediction.

The TSLM model and its combined models had a comprehensive MAPE of more than 100%. Among the other 98 models, the optimal fitting models for single, two, three, and four-model combinations were SPLINEF (11.98%), SARIMA-SPLINEF (15.14%), SARIMA-NNETAR-REG-SPLINEF (16.06%), and SARIMA-TBAT-NNETAR-REG-SPLINEF (17.75%), respectively. The optimal prediction models for single, two, three, and four-model combinations were SARIMA-REG (34.48%), SARIMA-REG-TBATS (22.77%), SARIMA-TBATS-SPLINEF (23.84%), and SARIMA-SARIMA-REG-TBATS-SPLINEF (22.31%), respectively. The optimal fitting and prediction models for single, two, three, and four-model combinations were SPLINEF (24.75%), SARIMA-SPLINEF (22.55%), SARIMA-TBATS-SPLINEF (20.92%), and SARIMA-SARIMA-REG-TBATS-SPLINEF (20.75%), respectively.

Based on the number of models, fitting and prediction accuracy, SARIMA-TBATS-SPLINEF is considered the optimal prediction model and can be used for monitoring and early warning of HFRS in Hubei.

To analyze the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors attributed to HPV infection in Sichuan region from 2018 to 2022.

From January 2018 to December 2022, the population, tumor incidence rate and mortality in Sichuan were collected, and the population attributable fraction (PAF) attributable to HPV infection was calculated by age and sex.

The population attributable proportions of HPV infection among residents in Sichuan region from 2018 to 2022 for the incidence and mortality of common malignant tumors were 65.0% and 59.2% respectively. The attribution of HPV (PAF) to the incidence of malignant tumors in the oropharynx, oral cavity, and throat of males was higher than that of females (χ²=78.904, P<0.001).The attributable HPV (PAF) of cervical, vulva, oral, and laryngeal malignant tumors in urban populations was higher than that in rural populations(χ²=119.03, P<0.001).In addition, there was a gender difference (P<0.05) in the relationship between the incidence of tumors attributed to HPV infection and age, indicating that males had earlier onset ages for various tumors. The attribution of HPV (PAF) to death in male oropharyngeal, oral, and laryngeal malignant tumors was higher than that in females(χ²=110.578, P<0.001).The mortality attributable HPV (PAF) of cervical, anal, oropharyngeal, oral, and laryngeal malignant tumors in urban populations was higher than that in rural populations(χ²=66.285, P<0.001).In addition, there was a gender difference (P<0.05) in the relationship between tumor mortality attributed to HPV infection and age, with males dying earlier for oral and oropharyngeal malignancies, and females dying earlier for anal malignancies.

From 2018 to 2022, the incidence and death of tumors attributed to HPV infection in Sichuan region are more, and the incidence and death show an increasing trend, among which timely screening of cervical cancer is the key to reduce the incidence and death of HPV tumors.

To investigate the association between lifestyle and the incidence and development trajectory of cardiometabolic multimorbidity.

Based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS) from 2011 to 2020, a total of 8 202 individuals aged 45 years and older were included. A Multi-state Markov model (MSM) was applied to analyze the effects of lifestyle on the trajectories of cardiometabolic multimorbidity.

The disease progression trajectories mainly involved transitions from health to first cardiometabolic diseases (FCMD), health to cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) and FCMD to CMM. During the follow-up period, 2 962 participants developed FCMD, 687 participants developed CMM, and 699 participants died. The results indicated that transitioning from health to FCMD, being overweight or obese, having longer nighttime sleep duration, and lacking a habit of daytime naps were positively associated with FCMD, which were 1.40(95%CI: 1.30-1.52) times, 1.16(95%CI: 1.02-1.32) times, and 1.21(95%CI: 1.06-1.39) times higher than those of healthy lifestyle people, respectively. During the transition from health to CMM, being overweight or obese was positively associated with the increased incidence of CMM (HR=1.42,95%CI: 1.06-1.90). Transitioning from FCMD to CMM, only overweight or obesity was observed as a risk factor (HR=1.44,95%CI: 1.17-1.78).

Lifestyle may increase the risk of cardiometabolic diseases and multimorbidity, emphasizing the importance of lifestyle interventions in health management practices.

To analyze the relationship between childhood emotional abuse (CEA) and short video addiction symptoms(SVAS) in middle school students, and to explore the mediation of cognitive interference(CI) and boredom proneness(BP).

In October 2023, 972 middle school students were tested with childhood emotional abuse scale, short video addiction symptoms scale, cognitive interference scale and boredom proneness scale using the multistage stratified cluster sampling, andprocess was used to analyze chain mediation.

28.19% of short video addiction symptoms was detected, it was higher in girls (χ²=7.961, P=0.005), higher in grade two(χ²=19.747, P<0.001), higher without home visits (χ²=7.221, P=0.007).Total indirect effect of CEA→SVAS was TIE=0.309(95%CI: 0.252-0.374), effect size P_M=69.29%. Indirect effect of CEA→CI→SVAS was IE=0.154 (95%CI:0.113-0.202). Indirect effect of CEA→BP→SVAS was IE=0.079 (95%CI:0.050-0.115). Indirect effect of CEA→CI→BP→SVAS was IE=0.075 (95%CI:0.053-0.104).

CEA can predict SVAS in middle school students through CI and BP.

To investigate heterogeneous trajectory of sarcopenia and its associated factors among older adults with multimorbidity.

Based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 Consensus, three waves of data in 2011, 2013, and 2015 from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were utilized. Latent growth mixture model and multinomial logistic regression were selected to identify heterogeneous sarcopenia trajectories and associated factors among older adults with multimorbidity.

Of the 1 254 participants, four heterogeneous trajectories of sarcopenia were identified: high initial but sharply declining trajectory (7.5%,n=93), low and stable change trajectory (64.0%, n=803), high and stable change trajectory (23.5%, n=295), low initial but sharply increasingtrajectory (5.0%, n=63). Disability, body mass index (BMI), cognition, sleep duration, smoking habits, and alcohol consumption were associated with different sarcopenia trajectories.

There are heterogenous sarcopenia trajectories among older adults with multimorbidity, targeted intervention regarding disability, BMI, cognition, sleep, smoking, and drinking should conducted to prevent sarcopenia.

To analyse the current situation and trends of wasting and overweight obesity among Han Chinese college students from 2000 to 2019, and to provide a basis for the prevention of wasting and overweight obesity among college students.

The body mass index data of 72 983 Han Chinese college students were selected from five national surveys on students’ physical fitness and health from 2000 to 2019, and the “height-standard weight method” used in the 1985 national survey on physical fitness and health was used to screen for emaciation and overweight-obesity, and the detection rate, increase and annual growth rate of emaciation and overweight-obesity were calculated for college students by gender and age. The detection rate, increase rate and annual growth rate of college students were calculated by gender and age. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA, sample-weighted linear regression, χ² test and χ² trend test.

From 2000 to 2019, the BMI of Chinese Han college students all showed a continuous increasing trend, with different growth rates for male and female students in each age group (except for the female group, the P-trend value for male students in each age group was <0.05). Both male and female students' wasting detection rates showed a decreasing trend from 2014-2019.From 2000 to 2019, the overweight and obesity rate of Chinese Han college students continued to increase, and the overweight and obesity rate of male students was higher than that of female students.From 2000 to 2019, the wasting of Chinese Han college students aged 19 to 22 years old The annual growth rate of overweight and obesity of male students has been decreasing, and the annual growth rate of overweight and obesity of male students has been increasing, and the difference in the increase of the annual growth rate of overweight and obesity of male students in each age group is relatively small. 2010-2019, the annual growth rate of overweight and obesity of female students began to increase gradually, and the increase was the largest in 2014-2019, and the increase was the most obvious The largest increase in the annual growth rate of overweight obesity among female students was observed in the age group of 22 years.

At 2019, the trend of the growth of college students' wasting rate has been alleviated, but the overweight and obesity rate is in a continuous growth trend, the relevant government departments should formulate targeted physical health policies to prevent and alleviate the problem of college students’ overweight and obesity.

To investigate the influenza vaccination willingness and influencing factors among elderly patients with chronic diseases in Chongqing, providing a scientific basis for the development of targeted vaccine policies and intervention measures.

A multi-stage sampling method was employed to randomly select 1 280 elderly patients with chronic diseases in five districts of Chongqing for an investigation into their influenza vaccination willingness. Univariate analysis was performed using the t-test and chi-square test, and binary logistic regression analysis and the standardized score were used to analyze the influencing factors of influenza vaccination willingness among elderly patients with chronic diseases.

Of the 1 211 eligible survey respondents, only 13.1% of elderly patients with chronic diseases had received the influenza vaccination during the 2022-2023 influenza season, and 56.3% were willing to receive the influenza vaccination in the 2023-2024 influenza season. The willingness to receive influenza vaccination among elderly patients with chronic diseases was higher among ethnic minorities (OR=3.49, 95%CI:1.21-10.02), households or unemployed individuals (OR=2.53, 95%CI:1.05-6.09), individuals with an average monthly household income per capita exceeding 5 000 RMB (OR=2.86, 95%CI:1.33-6.13), those with qualified knowledge of influenza vaccination (OR=1.38, 95%CI:1.02-1.87), and under the policy of free vaccination (OR=56.97, 95% CI:24.38-133.09). The behavioral and social drivers (BeSD) survey indicated that the belief in the effectiveness and safety of the influenza vaccine and fear of infecting friends or family members were the primary driving factors of influenza vaccine uptake, while the perception of the high costs of influenza vaccination was the most significant barrier.

The influenza vaccination willingness among elderly patients with chronic diseases in Chongqing needs further improvement. Governmental authorities, healthcare institutions, and communities should enhance the dissemination of knowledge about influenza vaccines, enhance social support, implement subsidies or free vaccination policies for priority populations, and encourage proactive influenza vaccine uptake among elderly patients with chronic diseases.

To analyze the status and long-term trends in dietary intake and dietary diversity of adults in Guizhou province from 1991 to 2018.

The food intake was worked out by 3 consecutive days of dietary recollection.The χ² test was used to analyze the dietary intake status of different dietary categories by demographic characteristics in 2018. Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to analyze the trend of the proportion of people at risk. Dietary Diversity Scores (DDS) were conducted based on the intake of 9 food groups, and a general linear model was used to test trends in DDS.

The proportion of insufficient intake of livestock and poultry meat was higher in people aged 60 years or older than in residents aged 18-44 years (χ²=11.931, P<0.001), the differences in the proportions of insufficient/excessive intake of vegetables, fat, oil and salt were statistically significant among ethnic groups (χ² range: 5.852-12.392,P range: <0.001-0.016), and those with higher education had lower proportions of insufficient intake of fruits and livestock (χ² range: 10.173-21.870, P range: <0.001-0.001), people in rural areas had higher excessive proportions of intake of oil and salt and higher insufficient proportions of livestock and poultry meat, fruits and aquatic products, but their proportions of insufficient intake of cereals and potatoes and soya nuts were lower (χ² range: 6.986-39.627, P range: <0.001-0.008) compared with the city and other populations. The proportion of insufficient intake of grains and potatoes, vegetables, soya beans and nuts in the population tended to increase(Z_cereal=17.839,Z _vegetable=11.579,Z_bean&nuts=7.749, P<0.001); the proportion of insufficient intake of fruits, livestock and poultry meat, eggs and dairy products tended to decrease (Z range: -19.991-(-2.764), P range: <0.001-0.006); the proportion of excessive intake of salt and alcohol in the population tended to decrease, while the proportion of excessive intake of sugar tended to increase (Z_salt=-20.899,Z_alcohol=-12.460,Z_sugar=6.791, P<0.001); except for those with education level of tertiary education and above (β=0.005, P=0.520), the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) of the rest of the subgroups showed an increasing trend (β range: 0.025-0.058, P<0.001).

The dietary structure of residents aged 18 years and above in Guizhou Province is irrational. Although the DDS score has increased, nutritional health interventions should be carried out for different groups of people to improve their dietary quality.