To analyze the changing trends of CRD disease burden in China’s elderly population from 1990 to 2021, and to provide a reference for the development and adjustment of chronic disease prevention and treatment strategies for the elderly in China.

Based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database on the burden of disease of CRD in China between 1990 and 2021, we described the burden of disease of CRD in China by gender and age groups, and used Joinpoint regression to analyse the temporal trends of age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR) of CRD, age-standardised mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardised disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rate (ASDR). The age, period and cohort effects of CRD incidence and mortality in the elderly in China were estimated using the Age-Period-Cohort (APC) model.

Compared with 1990, there was an overall fluctuating downward trend in the number of CRD incidence, death, and DALY in China in 2021, and a decreasing trend in the ASIR, ASMR, and ASDR, with the annual average percentage change (AAPC) of -1.05%, -3.68%, and -3.56%, respectively P < 0.001, and the ASIR, ASMR and ASDR were higher in males than in females. The results of the incidence rate APC model showed that, for the age effect, the relative risk (RR) values of the risk of CRD incidence in elderly Chinese men ranged from 0.448 to 1.872, and the RR values of the risk of CRD incidence in elderly women ranged from 0.438 to 1.679; for the period effect, the RR values of the risk of CRD incidence for men in all periods ranged from 0.960 to 1.051, and the RR values of the risk of CRD incidence for women ranged from 0.921 to 1.139; for the cohort effect, the RR values of morbidity risk ranged from 0.687 to 1.221 for men and from 0.714 to 1.345 for women. The results of the mortality APC model showed that, for the age effect, the RR values of mortality risk of CRD in elderly Chinese men ranged from 0.134 to 5.053, and in elderly Chinese women, the RR values ranged from 0.130 to 5.090; for the period effect, the RR values of mortality risk for males in each period ranged from 0.826 to 1.221, and the RR values of morbidity risk for females ranged from 0.697 to 1.479; for the cohort effect, the RR values of mortality risk for males ranged from 0.374 to 1.693, and those for females ranged from 0.374 to 1.724, and the results of the APC model test showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). The differences were statistically different (P < 0.001).

The burden of CRD disease in China from 1990 to 2021 showed a decreasing trend, and the burden was significantly heavier in men than in women. The risk of CRD incidence and mortality in the elderly increased with age, decreased over time, and decreased with the development of birth cohorts. In the future, the focus should be on men and the elderly population, and active measures should be taken to address them.

To investigate the role of the potential pathogenic molecule MMP14 in silicosis.

18 SPF male C57 mice were randomly divided into control and silicosis group, and 16 human specimens from the pneumoconiosis cohort of the Fourth Hospital of West China, Sichuan University. Single-cell sequencing analysis was used to identify differentially expressed genes. A silicosis mouse model was induced by silica dioxide using a non-exposure tracheal instillation method. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining were employed to assess the degree of inflammation and fibrosis in mouse lung tissues. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and immunohistochemistry were used to verify the expression of MMP14 and N-cadherin in the lung tissues. Knockdown of MMP14 in epithelial cells (16HBE) was achieved by small interfering RNA, to further verify the expression of N-cadherin. Cell wound healing assays were used to assess the cell migration after MMP14 knockdown.

MMP14 being selected as a potential pathogenic molecule by single-cell sequencing analysis. Compared with the normal control group, the expression of MMP14 and N-cadherin in silicosis lung tissues was significantly increased 3.78 and 2.42 times, respectively (P<0.001). Knockdown of MMP14 in 16HBE cells stimulated by SiO₂ led to the downregulation of N-cadherin by about 30% (P<0.001) and inhibition of cell migration, which area was reduced by 50% (P<0.001).

MMP14 activates the expression of N-cadherin, regulates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, and promotes silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

To mailto:analyze the serovars, antimicrobial resistance status and distribution of antimicrobial resistance genes of Salmonella in Haidian District, Beijing. To discover the connection between antimicrobial resistance phenotypes and genotypes, and to explore the impact of disinfectant use during the COVID-19 on antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella.

Serotyping and drug susceptibility testing were performed on 107 strains andnext-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on 27 strains of Salmonella collected from 2021 to 2023.

Salmonella enteritidis had the highest proportion (57.01%). Ceftazidime/avibactam and ertapenem had the highest susceptibility rates (100.0%). Ciprofloxacin had the highest intermediate rate (63.6%), and nalidixic acid had the highest resistance rate (74.8%). Antibiotic susceptibility tests showed increased resistance to multiple drugs. Among 27 strains, the carrying rate of aminoglycoside resistance genes was 100.0%. Most strains carried four or fewer resistance genes (88.9%). Salmonella enteritidis with drug-resistant genotypes of aph(6)-Id, aac(6')-Iaa, aph(3'')-Ib, blaTEM-1B and sul2 accounted for the largest proportion (42.9%). Other serovarsSalmonella with only one type of aminoglycoside resistance gene accounted for the largest proportion (53.8%). The phenotypic and genotypic resistance patterns of Salmonella to streptomycin (sensitivity 100.0%, positive predictive value 77.8%), ampicillin (sensitivity 55.6%, positive predictive value 100.0%), cefotaxime (sensitivity 60.0%, positive predictive value 80.0%), sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (sensitivity 60.0%, positive predictive value 85.7%), and chloramphenicol (sensitivity 50.0%, positive predictive value 100.0%) showed good agreement.

The antimicrobial resistance situation of Salmonella in Haidian District is serious. The impact of disinfectants and the correlation between phenotypes and genotypes should be focused on in the future.

To analyze the relationship between social support networks and the sense of gain among elderly individuals in the community and further explore the mediating role of psychological resilience in this process.

Using cluster random sampling, elderly individuals aged 65 and above from three towns (districts) in Dongguan City, Guangdong Province—Tangxia, Songshan Lake, and Liaobu—were selected as the study population from May to July 2023. A total of 1 245 valid responses were included in the analysis. Stepwise linear regression and mediation effect models were used to investigate the relationships between social support networks, sense of gain, and psychological resilience.

A positive correlation was found between the sense of gain and psychological resilience (r=0.516, P<0.01), as well as between the sense of gain and social support networks (r=0.383, P<0.01). Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between psychological resilience and social support networks (r=0.321, P<0.01). Psychological resilience partially mediated the effect of social support networks on the sense of gain, with a mediation effect value of 1.113, accounting for 34% of the total effect.

There is a significant association between social support networks, psychological resilience, and the sense of gain among elderly individuals in the community. Social support networks enhance the sense of gain by improving psychological resilience.

To analyze the incidence rate, spatial trends and clustering characteristics of the echinococcosis in Tibet Autonomous Region from 2019 to 2023, with the aim of providing a scientific basis for the formulation of targeted prevention and control strategies.

Utilizing the echinococcosis surveillance data from Tibet Autonomous Region between 2019 and 2023, χ² tests were conducted using SPSS 25.0 software to compare differences between groups. ArcGIS 10.8 software was used for spatial trend surface analysis and spatial autocorrelation analysis.

From 2019 to 2023, a total of 508 074 individuals were screened in Tibet Autonomous Region, with 460 new cases of echinococcosis identified, resulting in an annual average incidence rate of 0.091%. Significant differences in incidence rates were observed between different years and regions. Spatial trend analysis revealed a higher incidence in the west and lower in the east, with a higher incidence in the middle and lower incidence at both ends in the north-south direction. Spatial autocorrelation analysis indicated that high-high clustering areas were concentrated in southwestern Tibet, while low-low clustering areas were concentrated in central and southern Tibet.

From 2019 to 2023, the incidence of echinococcosis in Tibet Autonomous Region exhibited significant spatial trends and clustering characteristics. It is recommended to strengthen surveillance in southwestern Tibet, assess the epidemiological situation, and explore prevention and control models suitable for this region to reduce the high incidence of echinococcosis.

To investigate the moderating role of physical activity (PA) in the association between leisure-time sedentary behavior (LT-SB) and non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors (NSSI) among secondary vocational students in Guizhou Province, and to determine its significant value for providing a scientific basis for the prevention and intervention of NSSI among this group.

Students from a total of nine secondary schools in Guizhou Province were selected for a self-administered questionnaire survey through a multi-stage stratified whole cluster random sampling method from October to December 2023, and multiple linear regression was used to analyse the moderating effect of different types of PA on the association between LT-SB and NSSI among secondary students and to determine the critical value of the moderating effect by using Johnson-Neumann techniques (J-N techniques).

The detection rate of NSSI among secondary vocational students in Guizhou Province was 27.5%, with male and female students' rates at 14.2% and 13.3%, respectively. Multiple linear regression showed that the interaction term coefficients of total PA, light physical activity (LPA), moderate physical activity (MPA), and vigorous physical activity (VPA) with LT-SB were -0.255, -0.220, -0.472, and -0.424 (P < 0.001), respectively, with MPA having the largest moderating effect. The J-N technique indicated that the association between LT-SB and NSSI weakened as the duration of PA increased, with critical values of 2.39 hours for total PA, 1.63 hours for LPA, 0.99 hours for MPA, and 1.11 hours for VPA.

When developing an exercise intervention to prevent NSSI behavior in secondary vocational students, approximately 1 hour of MPA per day may be the most appropriate and efficient option.

To examine the impact of drinking water arsenic exposure on the development of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and to investigate specific changes in plasma exosomal miRNAs.

Sixteen male SPF-grade Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: control and arsenic. Each group consisted of 8 rats. The arsenic group was exposed to 0.10 mg/L. All groups had unrestricted access to drinking water. The rats were exposed to arsenic for a duration of 21 days. Behavioral assessments using the open field and elevated plus maze tests were conducted on days 0, 7, 14, and 21 to evaluate GAD-like behavior. At the end of the experiment, plasma exosomal miRNAs were extracted from both groups of rats. Sequencing was performed, and the expression levels of differentially expressed miRNAs were validated using real-time quantitative PCR.

On the 21st day after arsenic exposure, the arsenic group exhibited lower body weight compared to the control group (t=7.950, P<0.001). In the open field test, the arsenic group showed a decrease in total distance traveled (t=2.213, P=0.044), an increase in rearing frequency (t=-4.704, P<0.001), an increase in grid crossings (t=4.340, P=0.001), and a decrease in standing frequency (t=4.496, P=0.001) compared to the control group. In the elevated plus maze test, the arsenic group exhibited a decrease in the number of entries into the open arms (t=3.614, P=0.003) and a decrease in time spent in the open arms (t=4.775, P<0.001), while showing an increase in the number of entries into the closed arms (t=-2.486, P=0.026) and an increase in time spent in the closed arms (t=-6.862, P<0.001) compared to the control group. These results indicate GAD-like behavior in the rats exposed to arsenic. Real-time quantitative PCR revealed that the expression levels of miR-99b-3p, miR-9a-5p, and miR-218a-5p were upregulated, while the expression levels of miR-425a-3p, miR-378a-3p, and miR-155-5p were downregulated in the arsenic group compared to the control group (P<0.05). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed plasma exosomal miRNAs indicated their potential involvement in GAD development through processes such as endocytosis, MAPK pathway, Ras signaling pathway, cAMP signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway, and apoptosis.

Drinking water arsenic exposure can induce GAD-like behavior in rats. Plasma exosomal miRNAs, including miR-99b-3p, miR-9a-5p, miR-218a-5p, miR-425a-3p, miR-378a-3p, and miR-155-5p, may be involved in the regulation of GAD development induced by drinking water arsenic exposure.

To comprehend the correlation between handgrip strength and blood pressure as well as vital capacity among pupils in Shiyan City, and furnish a scientific basis for pupils to prevent heart and lung diseases.

In November 2023, a cluster random sampling method was used to measure the height, weight, handgrip strength, blood pressure, vital capacity and other indicators of 1 263 primary school students aged 6-12 years in Shiyan City, Hubei Province. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between handgrip strength and blood pressure and vital capacity. Quantile regression model was used to analyze the correlation degree of handgrip strength with blood pressure and vital capacity at different quantiles.

A total of 1 263 students aged 6-12 years old were investigated in Shiyan city, including 658 boys and 605 girls. The systolic blood pressure(Z=-3.280), vital capacity(Z=-7.015)and handgrip strength(Z=-5.675)of boys were higher than those of girls (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in diastolic blood pressure between boys and girls (P>0.05). There were significant differences in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, vital capacity and handgrip strength between pupils of different ages and places of residence (all P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that handgrip strength was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure (r=0.390), diastolic blood pressure (r=0.271) and vital capacity (r=0.636) (all P<0.01). Quantile regression analysis showed that systolic blood pressure increased with the increase of handgrip strength, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The regression coefficient of handgrip strength was the lowest at the 95th percentile of diastolic blood pressure (β=0.222, 95% CI: -0.139-0.583). Except for the 95th percentile, the regression coefficient of handgrip strength and diastolic blood pressure was statistically significant at the other percentiles (P<0.05). The regression coefficient of handgrip strength was the highest at the 50th quantile of vital capacity (β =59.881, 95% CI: 51.456-68.306), and the correlation between handgrip strength and vital capacity at each quantile was statistically significant (P<0.05).

Handgrip strength is positively correlated with blood pressure and vital capacity. Different levels of handgrip strength have different effects on blood pressure and vital capacity in primary school students. Handgrip strength can be used as an index to reflect blood pressure and vital capacity.

To analyze the correlation between health literacy and health-related quality of life among the elderly in China.

A multi-stage random sampling method was used to measure the health literacy and health-related quality of life of the participants using short-form health literacy survey questionnaire (HLS-SF12) and the European five-dimensional five-level health scale (EQ-5D-5L), respectively. Health-related quality of life was evaluated by using the health utility value. Spearman’s correlation analysis, tobit regression analysis, and restricted cubic spline were used to analyze the correlation between health literacy and HRQoL in elder adults, and sensitivity analyses were performed by excluding participants with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and overweight and obesity.

A total of 1 147 cases of older adults aged ≥60 years were included, with 581 male cases (50.65%) and the age range of 71-75 years was the most prevalent, with 361 cases (31.47%). The mean level of health literacy was 34 (30, 36) points, and the mean level of health utility value was 0.94 (0.83, 1.00). Spearman correlation analysis found a positive correlation between health literacy and health utility value (r_s=0.370, P<0.001). Tobit regression analysis found a positive correlation between health literacy and health utility value (β=0.007, 95% CI: 0.005-0.008, P<0.001). Restricted cubic spline showed an irregular “right skewed” distribution between health literacy and health utility value after adjusting for confounding factors; The relationship between health literacy and health utility value still existed in the sensitivity analyses of elder adults who excluded participants with hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and overweight and obesity.

The health literacy level is an influential factor in the health-related quality of life of the elderly, and improving the health literacy of the elderly is conducive to the patients’ beneficial behaviors such as disease prevention and control, health care, and health promotion.

To provide a theoretical basis for improving the monitoring and management of hepatitis B case data in Qinghai by analyzing the duplicate reporting (re-reporting) of hepatitis B cases in Qinghai from 2018 to 2022.

The data of cases with reported disease type of hepatitis B in Qinghai Province from 2018 to 2022 were collected through the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System (NNDRS), and five types of double-checking rules were set to check hepatitis B cases by using R4.3.2 software , and the restated caseswere further analysedusing χ² test and Cochran-Armitage trend test.

The cumulative number of repeated reported hepatitis B cases in Qinghai Province from 2018 to 2022 was 6 107 (13.01%), and when the time span of the hepatitis B cases included in the study ranged from 1 to 5 years, the restatement rates were 3.76%, 6.90%, 9.31%, 11.39%, and 13.01%, respectively, and the restatement rate was higher the longer the time span of the included cases (Z=57.931,P<0.001). When the time span of the included cases was 5 years, the restatement rates of the eight cities and states in Qinghai Province ranged from 9.45% to 15.25%, and the restatement rates of acute, chronic, and unclassified hepatitis B cases were 11.79%, 13.06% and 12.58%, respectively.

There is a more serious inter-regional and inter-annual restatement of hepatitis B cases reported in Qinghai Province from 2018-2022, and hepatitis B checking should be strengthened at all levels and in all departments, and targeted measures should be taken to reduce the situation of repeated reporting and improve the monitoring and management of hepatitis B cases.