To analyze the frequency and influencing factors of blood glucose self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by meta-analysis.

By searching literature in the databases of CNKI, VIP, CBM, Wan Fang Data, PubMed, Embase, Web of science, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library from the establishment of the database to May 26, 2023, cross-sectional studies on the SMBG frequency standard rate and its influencing factors in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes were searched. Two researchers independently screened the literature and extracted the data, and meta-analysis was carried out by using Stata 17.0 software.

A total of 17 studies were included, including 14 343 patients with type 2 diabetes, of which 3 403 met the SMBG standard. The results of meta-analysis showed that the reaching standard rate of SMBG frequency in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes was 26.4%(95%CI: 21.0%-31.8%). Based on the subgroup analysis of evaluation tools, regions, and sample sources, the results showed that the reaching standard rate of evaluation using the applicable guidelines for type 2 diabetes was 33.4% (95%CI: 24.8%-42%), and that using the guidelines for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes was 19.1% (95%CI:11.9%-26.3%). The reaching standard rate of the eastern region was 26.9% (95%CI: 17.8%-36%), and that of the central region was 25.6% (95%CI: 17.5%-33.8%). The reaching standard rate was 27.3%(95%CI: 22.6%-32.1%) when the sample source was hospital and 12.1% (95%CI: 2.6%-21.7%) when the sample source was community. The influencing factors of SMBG reaching standard rate were higher education level (OR=1.591, 95%CI: 1.269-1.994), high income family (OR=1.751, 95%CI: 1.048-2.925), self-efficacy score (OR=2.592, 95%CI: 1.148-5.855), insulin (OR=2.193, 95%CI: 1.561-3.080), long course of disease (OR=1.035, 95%CI: 1.035-1.073), and having received SMBG-related health education (OR=2.195, 95%CI: 1.376-3.499).

The evidence results show that the SMBG frequency of Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is low. The patients with higher education level, high income family, high self-efficacy, insulin as hypoglycemic regimen, long course of disease, and receiving SMBG-related health education have higher rate of reaching the standard frequency.

To investigate the intervention effect of Akkermansia muciniphila (AKK) on atopic dermatitis (AD) induced by 2,4-dichloronitrobenzene (DNCB) in mice and the effect of intestinal flora.

In total 72 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into high and low dose live bacteria group, pasteurization group, model group, and blank group, with 12 mice in each group. The AD mouse model was established by DNCB, and different doses of AKK living bacteria and Pasteurella multicide were intragastrically administered for 4 weeks. The skin lesions, splenomegaly, and skin histopathology of mice in each group were observed, the level of serum IgE was measured, and the expression levels of IL-4 and IFN- γ on mRNA transcription and protein in back skin tissue were detected. The fecal samples of mice were collected and 16SrRNA sequencing was used to understand the changes in the structure and abundance of intestinal microflora.

After AKK intervention, the skin lesions, splenomegaly, and skin pathological damage of AD mice were not significantly improved, the level of serum IgE increased, the level of IL-4 decreased except the mRNA transcription level of low dose live bacteria group, and the expression of IFN- γ increased at mRNA and protein levels in low dose live bacteria group and high dose inactivated group.

Although AKK did not significantly improve the skin lesions of AD mice, it alleviated the inflammatory reaction in mice to some extent and improved the diversity and structure of intestinal flora.

To establish a rapid method for the determination of 33 organophosphorus pesticide residues in four different fruit and vegetable substrates (common type, high pigment type, high fat type, and high sugar type) by QuEChERs pretreatment combined with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS), so as to provide technical support for simultaneous detection and food safety risk assessment of organophosphorus pesticides in different fruits and vegetables.

The samples were extracted with acetonitrile and sodium citrate-disodium hydrogen citrate buffer at the same time, purified with ethylenediamine-N-propyl silane (PSA), octadecylsilane bonded silica gel (C₁₈), and graphitized carbon black (GCB). After nitrogen blowing concentration, the samples were re-dissolved with acetone and detected by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry under multi-reaction ion monitoring (MRM) mode. Quantifications were based on internal standard curves.

The method had good linear relationship in the range of 50 μg/L to 500 μg/L, with the correlation coefficients greater than 0.9950. The detection limits were within 1.50 to 5.04 μg/kg, and the limits of quantification were within 5.01 to 16.78 μg/kg. In the range of 0.040 to 0.200 mg/kg, the average recoveries ranged from 71.4% to 119.1%, with the relative standard deviations less than 12%.

The method is simple and rapid, with high accuracy and precision, which is suitable for the rapid detection and quantitative analysis of 33 organophosphorus pesticide residues in different fruit and vegetable substrates.

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Henan Province from 2004 to 2022, so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in Henan Province.

The annual morbidity and mortality data of notifiable infectious diseases in Henan Province from 2004 to 2022 were collated, and the average annual change percentage(AAPC) and annual change percentage (APC) of reported incidence and mortality of notifiable infectious diseases in Henan Province from 2004 to 2022 were calculated. The time change trend of notifiable infectious diseases was analyzed.

The total incidence of notifiable infectious diseases in Henan Province showed an upward trend from 2004 to 2022 (AAPC=1.76%, P<0.05). After the increase, the total mortality decreased from 2007, and the APC was 64.90% and -4.50%, respectively (P<0.05). The incidence of hepatitis B increased first and then showed a downward trend since 2007, with APC of 23.15% and -8.28%, respectively (P<0.05). The AIDS mortality rate showed a slow downward trend from 2007 to 2020 (APC=-3.33%, P<0.05). The average annual morbidity and mortality of blood-borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases were higher than those of other routes of transmission, with an upward trend from 2004 to 2006 and a downward trend from 2007 to 2022. The APC was 33.12% and -3.36%, respectively (P<0.05).

Blood and sexual transmission are the main transmission routes of notifiable infectious diseases in Henan Province, and their morbidity and mortality have begun to decrease and remain at a relatively stable level in recent years. Targeted prevention and control measures should be taken for key diseases such as pulmonary tuberculosis, hand-foot-mouth disease, other infectious diarrheal diseases, and AIDS.

To analyze the changes of schistosomiasis epidemic trend before and after the implementation of schistosomiasis integrated control strategy in China from 1999 to 2015, and to evaluate its effects in the process of schistosomiasis transmission control.

The epidemic data of schistosomiasis in China from 1999 to 2015 were collected, and the interrupted time series (ITS) method was used to analyze the changes of positive rate of blood test, positive rate of fecal test, number of acute schistosomiasis cases, number of cattle, and infection rate of cattle before and after the implementation of the comprehensive control strategy of schistosomiasis.

After the implementation of the integrated schistosomiasis control strategy, the number of acute cases (β₂=-937.433, P < 0.001) and the infection rate of cattle (β₂=-1.606, P=0.012) decreased immediately in 2005. After the implementation of the strategy, the positive rate of blood test (β₃=-1.164, P < 0.001), the positive rate of stool test (β₃=-1.157, P < 0.001), the number of acute cases (β₃=-143.939, P < 0.001), and the infection rate of cattle (β₃=-0.513,P < 0.001) showed a downward trend year by year, which had a long-term effect on the prevention and control of schistosomiasis.

From 2006 to 2015, the positive rate of blood test, the positive rate of stool test, the number of acute cases, and the infection rate of cattle in China showed a decreasing trend, indicating that in the advancing stage of schistosomiasis transmission control in China, the integrated schistosomiasis control strategy based on source of infection control has a significant effect on schistosomiasis control.

To analyze the epidemic characteristics of pertussis in Yangzhou City in 2022 and the vaccine effectiveness(VE) of acellular pertussis vaccine (aPV) against pertussis, and to explore the influencing factors of the case surge under the high vaccine coverage, as well as the responding strategies.

The clinical data of pertussis patients were analyzed using a matched case-control study with the ratio of 1:2 to investigate the vaccine effectiveness of aPV in preventing pertussis.

The incidence-age curve showed the “U-shape”. The incidence of infants at the age of 3 months was higher, which was 127.8/100 000. The second peak occurred in children aged 5 to 7 years, with the incidence exceeding 60/100 000. Among the cases, the breakthrough cases accounted for 86.0%, and the clinical symptoms such as complications of the breakthrough cases were better than those of the unimmunized cases. The total VE of aPV in preventing pertussis was 86.10% (95%CI: 34.70%-97.04%), the VE of 1 dose of aPV in preventing pertussis was 85.35% (95%CI: 31.10%-96.89%), the VE of 4 doses of aPV was 98.20% (95%CI: 74.28%-99.88%), and the VE of onset-vaccination interval less than 1 year was 85.72% (95%CI: 32.8%-99.00%), indicating that the increased duration of time after vaccination was a risk factor for pertussis.

Currently, the immunization strategy of pertussis does not match the epidemic characteristics, and the risk of pertussis is high in infants at the age of 3 months and school-age children. The protective effect of aPV is not timely, so it is necessary to further modify and improve the pertussis immunization strategy, especially to consider the application of pertussis immunization in school-age children.

To understand the external environmental dynamic distribution and human infection characteristics of H7 subtype avian influenza virus in Jiangxi Province, so as to provide basis for scientific prevention and control of avian influenza.

The surveillance information of avian influenza in the external environment of Jiangxi Province from 2013 to 2022 and the data of human infection with H7 subtype avian influenza were systematically collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods.

A total of 15 535 external environment samples were collected from 2013 to 2022, and the positive rate of H7 subtype was 1.85% (287/15 535). Positive samples were detected for 9 consecutive years since 2014, and the annual positive rate showed a downward trend as a whole (χ²_trend=2.168, P=0.231). The positive rate of H7 subtype in the external environment of Ganzhou city (2.96%), Nanchang city (2.77%) and Jiujiang city (2.66%) was higher, and there was significant difference in the positive rate among different regions (χ²=70.145 P < 0.001). The peak of positive rate was mainly in winter and spring (64.11%), and there was significant difference in different seasons (χ²=69.280, P < 0.001). There was a significant difference in the positive rate among different types of samples (χ²=16.948, P=0.005). A total of 52 cases of H7 subtype avian influenza were reported in Jiangxi Province from 2013 to 2022, mainly farmers, retirees, and migrant workers, accounting for 76.92%of cases over 45 years old. The time of onset was mainly in winter and spring, and 76.92% of the cases had history of poultry exposure. There was no significant correlation between the number of H7N9 avian influenza cases and the positive rate of H7 subtype in different months (Spearman coefficient = 0.515, P=0.087).

Although the positive rate of H7 subtype in the external environment of Jiangxi Province is low, the risk of human infection still exists. Etiological surveillance and comprehensive prevention and control measures should be carried out continuously to reduce the potential risk of human infection.

To investigate the evaluation of integrated care management in patients with pulmonary nodule lung cancer and to provide basis for improving the service quality of integrated care management of chronic disease.

From January 2021 to December 2022, electronic questionnaires were distributed to patients with lung nodule lung cancer who met the inclusion criteria, and an anonymous survey was conducted. The chi-square test was used to compare the evaluation differences among different groups.

A total of 130 valid questionnaires were collected. The overall satisfaction evaluation, recommendation intention, and improvement evaluation of the integrated care management were 95.72, 94.66, and 79.89, respectively. There were significant differences (P<0.05) in satisfaction evaluation among different ethnic groups (χ²=16.788, P=0.010), education level (χ²=24.339, P=0.042), and management time (χ²=19.277, P=0.013). There were significant differences (P<0.05) in recommendation intention among patients of different ethnic groups (χ²=15.943, P=0.0144), occupation (χ²=37.265, P=0.011), and management time (χ²=9.536, P=0.049). There was a significant positive correlation among patient satisfaction evaluation, recommendation intention, and improvement evaluation, and the correlation coefficients were 0.581, 0.723, and 0.538,respectively.

The integrated care management model of pulmonary nodule lung cancer is widely recognized by patients, with high level of satisfactory evaluation, and patients have strong willingness to recommend. This model can significantly improve the medical service experience and treatment effect.

To explore the key influencing factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR), analyze the current situation of DR, and construct a risk prediction model.

Based on the diabetic complication early warning data set published by the national population and health science data sharing platform, the key influencing factors of DR were obtained by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses. The entropy weighting method, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), and the rank-sum ratio (RSR) were used to quantify the risk of DR development in patients and stratified into three levels: high, medium, and low. Logistic regression, random forest, and support vector machine models were constructed, respectively, and model fusion was performed using voting, averaging, and weighted averaging to evaluate the model predictive effect and obtain the best predictive model.

Finally, 14 indexes including age and hyperlipidemia were extracted as key influencing factors. The stratification results showed that there were 50 diabetic patients without DR in this data set with a risk of about 82.99%, which was a high-risk group for DR and needed more attention. The best prediction effect was obtained from the voting machine fusion model (Acc: 80.18%, F1: 0.7868).

The key influencing factors of DR are analyzed, providing the direction of treatment and prevention. The low, medium, and high-risk groups of DR are classified for risk early warning. By comparing the effect between the models, the prediction model of morbidity risk of DR is constructed, providing insights for clinical early warning and data analysis.

To explore the effect of a new type of low-protein enteral nutrition on the nutritional status of patients with chronic kidney disease in stage 3-4 under the guidance of individualized diet.

Sixty follow-up outpatients in West China Hospital of Sichuan University were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. The two groups were followed up on intervention day 0, day 45, and day 90. According to the principle of intentional analysis, the generalized estimation equation was used to analyze the between-group differences, time change trend, and interaction effect, and the principle of data analysis in accordance with the scheme was used to further verify the stability of results.

There was no significant difference in nutritional adequacy, clinical effectiveness, and anthropometric indexes between the test group and the control group (P > 0.05). During the intervention period, when the energy intake was stable, the intake of protein (χ²=17.680, P<0.001) and sodium salt (χ²=21.427, P<0.001) decreased significantly, while the total protein (χ²=18.075, P<0.001), calcium (χ²=9.438, P=0.009), phosphorus (χ²=13.866, P=0.001), and uric acid (χ²=9.005, P=0.011) fluctuated within the normal range. The results of data analysis in accordance with the scheme were basically consistent with those of intentionality analysis. Only the time change trend of upper arm muscle circumference (χ²=6.435, P=0.040) and the comparison of energy ratio between groups(χ²=4.478, P=0.034) were significantly different.

The new low-protein enteral nutrition preparation is not inferior to the total nutritional formula food for special medical use in improving the nutritional status of patients and delaying the progression of the disease. The use of enteral nutrition under dietary guidance is beneficial to the clinical nutrition management of