To establish a risk assessment model of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) and validate the model.

The influencing factors of CMM were determined by meta-analysis, and the population exposure rate was obtained by consulting a large cohort study.The CMM risk assessment model was constructed based on Harvard cancer risk index method. The model was verified by the data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The SPSS 25.0 software was used to calculate the area under the receiver operator characteristic ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and Hosmer-Lemshow goodness-of-fit test to verify the effect of the model.

A total of 20 articles were included in the meta- analysis. Age, sex, place of residence, education, economic level, BMI, waistline, night sleep, depression, irregular diet, and insufficient intake of vegetables and fruits were the risk factors of CMM. Concerning the model validation results, the area under the ROC curve was 0.712 (95%CI: 0.696-0.728), the Jordan index was 1.42, the sensitivity was 65%, the specificity was 66.1%, and the result of Hosmer-Lemshow goodness-of-fit test was χ²=10.652 (P=0.222).

The CMM risk assessment model based on meta-analysis has good predictive performance and can be used as a tool for CMM risk assessment to guide clinical identification of CMM high-risk groups and implement intervention measures.

To explore the training mode and mechanism of compound talents of preventive medicine and software engineering.

In order to adapt to the development trend of multidisciplinary and new technology integration under the background of new medical science construction and the strategic needs of building a healthy China, the West China School of Public Health and the School of Computer Science (School of Software) of Sichuan University have established a dual bachelor’s degree talent training program in Preventive Medicine and Software Engineering, a teaching professor expert team with cross disciplinary integration, integrated courses and internship bases, through extensive research and expert verification, in accordance with the requirements of the National Standards for Undergraduate Professional Teaching Quality and the Management Measures for Bachelor’s Degree Authorization and Granting. The program aims to recruit dual bachelor’s degree students, strengthen student guidance and teaching feedback, and continuously summarize and improve the talent training mode.

Three sessions of dual bachelor’s degree students in Preventive Medicine + Software Engineering have been recruited, a teaching team integrating medical and engineering has been established, seven integrated courses have been formed, professional training objectives and curriculum systems have been established and continuously improved, and two medical research and practical teaching innovation bases suitable for dual bachelor’s degree students have been established. The adaptability and satisfaction of students have been continuously improved.

The double bachelor degree training model of preventive medicine + software engineering with the characteristics of public health and software has been initially established, which provides an important theoretical and practical reference for the reform of the training mode of medical-industrial integration.

To investigate the level of cadmium in food sold in Nanshan District of Shenzhen, and to evaluate its exposure risk based on the dietary intake of residents in Shenzhen.

Using stratified random sampling method, 810 food samples sold in Nanshan district of Shenzhen city were collected from 2018 to 2022. The content of cadmium in the samples was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and the test results were evaluated according to GB2762-2022 “Food Safety National Standard for Contaminants in Food”. Based on the residents’ dietary intake, point assessment, margin of safety (MOS), and chemical carcinogen risk model were used to evaluate the exposure risk of cadmium to residents’ health.

The average content of cadmium in 810 food samples was 0.325 mg/kg, the detection rate was 44.44% (360/810), and the over-standard rate was 6.17% (50/810). The average monthly dietary exposure of cadmium was 17.731 μg/(kg·BW), MOS > 1, R^c was 4.030 × 10^-5 per year, and the monthly high-end dietary exposure of cadmium was 38.536 μg/(kg·BW), MOS < 1, R^c was 8.740 × 10^-5 per year, suggesting that there was carcinogenesis risk through daily dietary intake.

There is cadmium contamination in food sold in Nanshan district of Shenzhen city. The health risk of residents exposed to cadmium through daily diet is low, but there is a health risk among people exposed to high-end diet. The relevant departments should strengthen the supervision of food sold in the market, especially rice and rice products, aquatic products, and vegetables, so as to control the health risk of dietary exposure to cadmium.

To investigate the changes and influencing factors of health literacy level of rural residents in Chongqing from 2018 to 2021, and to predict the health literacy level of this population from 2022 to 2024, so as to provide a basis for formulating health promotion strategies in rural areas of Chongqing in the future.

Using the national unified health literacy questionnaire, the health literacy monitoring data of rural residents in Chongqing from 2018 to 2021 were analyzed, and the health literacy status of 73 478 residents from 39 districts and counties in the city were investigated. Multi-variable logistic regression method was used to analyze the influencing factors of residents’ health literacy. The grey prediction model GM (1,1) was used to predict the health literacy level of rural residents in Chongqing from 2022 to 2024.

From 2018 to 2021, the health literacy level of rural residents in Chongqing showed a steady upward trend (χ²_trend =280.989, P<0.001). The four-year health literacy levels were 17.14%, 21.68%, 22.50%, and 24.15%, respectively. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the older age was associated with lower level of health literacy: 45-59 years old: OR=0.761 (95%CI: 0.725-0.800); 60-69 years old: OR=0.455 (95%CI: 0.426-0.485). Higher education level was associated with higher level of health literacy: junior high school: OR=2.551 (95%CI: 2.432-2.675); senior high school/vocational high school/ technical secondary school: OR=4.435(95%CI: 4.145-4.746); college/undergraduate and above: OR=6.890 (95%CI: 6.261-7.582). The forecast result of GM (1,1) showed that the total health literacy of rural residents in Chongqing would rise to 28.54% by 2024. The three aspects of health literacy showed an upward trend. Among the six aspects of health literacy, four aspects of health literacy continued to rise: the literacy of infectious disease prevention and treatment (up to 37.54%), health information literacy (32.39%), chronic disease prevention literacy (29.88%), basic medical literacy (28.59%). Two aspects of health literacy continued to decline with scientific health literacy decreasing to 33.42% and safety and first aid literacy decreasing to 38.57%.

The health literacy of rural residents in Chongqing continued to improve from 2018 to 2021. There is an urgent need to take targeted intervention measures to improve health literacy of the elderly, low-educated, and low-income rural residents. The forecast results show that the literacy level of scientific health concept, safety and first aid literacy will decline in the next three years, so we should pay more attention to it.

To explore the association between adherence to community-based health management and glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).

The study encompassed 2 171 T2DM patients engaged in community health management in Huai’an District, Jiangsu Province. Adherence across five domains—medication, diet, exercise, self-monitoring, and hospital medical check-ups—was evaluated using the Diabetes Regimen Adherence Questionnaire. Adherence was classified as good or poor based on median scores, while glycemic control was defined by HbA_1c levels below 7.0%. Logistic regression models were utilized to assess the association between health management adherence and glycemic control.

After adjusting for confounding factors, the OR for achieving glycemic control among patients with good adherence in medication, diet, exercise, self-monitoring, hospital medical check-ups, and overall adherence were 1.402(95% CI:1.173-1.677), 1.231(95% CI:1.030-1.471), 0.985(95% CI:0.821-1.183), 0.968(95% CI:0.806-1.162), 1.107(95% CI:0.924-1.326) and1.050(95% CI:0.880-1.252), respectively, compared to those with poor adherence. In a subsequent analysis excluding patients with concurrent hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, and tumors, the OR were 1.987(95% CI:1.321-2.990) for medication, 1.606(95% CI:1.077-2.397) for diet, 1.282(95% CI:0.867-1.895) for exercise, 1.378(95% CI:0.910-2.085) for self-monitoring, 1.663(95% CI:1.126-2.456) for hospital medical check-ups, and 1.593(95% CI:1.077-2.354) for overall adherence.

Improved adherence to community health management significantly enhances glycemic control in T2DM patients, with substantial improvements observed through meticulous adherence to medication and dietary guidelines.

To explore the prevalence and gender distinctions of metabolic syndrome in elder adults in urban communities and to provide targeted guidance on early intervention of metabolic syndrome.

The data were collected from the 2019 medical examination data of the elderly population aged 65 years or older in Qingyang District, Chengdu, China. Sociodemographic characteristics, health-related behavioral indicators, health self-assessment reports, and metabolic syndrome indicators were selected for the chi-square test and then multi-categorical logistic regression analysis using StataSE16.0 software.

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 35.12% in total, with women (35.81%) having a higher rate compared to men (34.15%), and multifactorial regression analysis showed a higher risk for women, 70-79 years, smoking, and salt addiction. Model 2 and Model 3 regression analyses for men and women showed that partial mental partial physical labor, and maintaining exercise more than once a week were associated with a low risk of developing metabolic syndrome in old age in both male and female populations. Middle school (OR=1.27, 95% CI:1.12-1.44), High school (OR=1.26, 95% CI:1.10-1.45), smoking (OR=1.11, 95% CI:1.01-1.22), and alcohol occasionally (OR=1.15, 95%CI:1.04-1.27) were only associated with a high risk of developing metabolic syndrome in the male elderly population while education level at junior high school and above (OR=0.85, 95% CI:0.77-0.93), and satisfactory health self-assessment reports in older adults (OR=0.78, 95% CI:0.61-0.99) were only associated with a lower risk of the disease for women.

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in older adults in urban communities is high, and there are significant gender differences. In the following prevention, control, and intervention work, we should strengthen personalized interventions, targeting and monitoring of key populations.

To examine the association between time to first cigarette (TTFC) after waking and hypertension in males.

The baseline data of 587 male current smokers in Rongchang district were collected from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort(CMEC) Study in Rongchang. The association between TTFC after waking and hypertension was conducted by multivariate logistic regression.

TTFC ≤5 minutes, 6-30 minutes, 31-60 minutes and > 60 minutes accounted for 34.24%, 26.75%, 16.70% and 22.31%. The prevalence of hypertension among 587 participants were 59.20%, 40.76%, 35.71%, 29.01%. Compared with TTFC>60 min after waking, TTFC<5min(OR=3.691, 95% CI: 2.176-6.259) and 6-30 min(OR=1.876, 95% CI: 1.236-2.911) were risk factors of hypertension after adjusting for confounding factors.

The short TTFC after waking is associated with a higher risk of hypertension. It is helpful to evaluate the risk of hypertension and make targeted smoking cessation plan according to TTFC.

To apply Social Network Analysis(SNA) to analyze the characteristics of the social support network from 18 to 50 years old HIV/AIDS patients receiving community follow-up management in Luzhou City, and to provide a basis for the development of social support and health intervention work.

A quota sampling method was used, with young and middle-aged HIV/AIDS patients receiving community follow-up management in Luzhou City as the survey subjects. A social support network matrix questionnaire was designed, and a relationship matrix was constructed using Excel 2016. The social support network characteristics were analyzed using UCINET 6.0 software, and a 2-mode social network graph was drawn using Net-Draw.

The social support scores of 165 young and middle-aged HIV/AIDS patients who received community follow-up management in Luzhou City were 24.15±8.10, as follows: hospital(2.45), community(2.36), family(2.16), new media(1.65), traditional media(1.59), friends(1.47), relatives(1.30), social organizations(1.18), colleagues(0.95), and neighbors(0.83); The overall density matrix of the social support network is 1.59, with a core edge final goodness of fit of 0.61, indicating a good fit. Among them, hospitals and communities had the highest centrality and were located in the main core position, while family and new media were in the secondary core position. The rest were situated in the periphery.

The social support level of young and middle-aged HIV/AIDS patients receiving community follow-up management in Luzhou City is relatively low, mainly relying on support from hospitals, community health service centers, family, new media, and social organizations as supplementary sources. In the future, it is recommended to establish a social support network with hospitals and communities as the core, utilizing family members as bridges. Furthermore, expanding the social support network through social organizations and implementing internet-based health interventions can increase the variety and intensity of support, improve the patients’ quality of life, and also serve as a reference for other regions.

To provide scientific basis for formulating strategies to improve the health management of medical personnel, we analyze the resilience level, coping styles, and influencing factors of 2 100 medical personnel under sudden public health emergencies.

Using the convenience sampling method, 22 medical institutions were selected from Pudong New Area, Shanghai, and a self-designed electronic survey questionnaire was distributed based on the professional characteristics of medical personnel, the resilience scale of medical personnel, and the coping style scale.

The total score of medical staffs’ resilience was 71.246±11.442. The total score of medical staffs’ coping style was 58.614±11.493. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the main factors affecting the resilience level of medical staff were hospital type (social health service center t=1.966, P=0.049), employment form (contract system t=4.031, P<0.001), professional title (intermediate professional title t=2.749, P=0.006), marital status (married t=3.471, P=0.001), monthly income (5 000-10 000 t=2153, P=0.031, >10 000 t=2.475, P=0.013), received psychological training (t=6.295, P<0.001). The main factors affecting the coping style level of medical personnel were hospital type (social health service center t=2.612, P=0.009), time of medical activity (11-20 years social health service center t=2.484, P=0.013, >20 years t=2.594, P=0.010), employment form (contract system t=3.716, P<0.001), professional title (intermediate professional title t=2.268, P=0.023), psychological training received (t=6.338, P<0.001) and occupational type (management t=2.218, P=0.027).

The level of resilience and coping style of medical personnel need to be improved. Meanwhile, hospital type, employment form, professional title, marital status and psychological training are the influencing factors of resilience and coping style of medical personnel.

To investigate and analyze the situation of hospital acquired infection in surgical ward of Guizhou Province in 2022, and to provide direction and method for improving the prevention and control of hospital acquired infection.

The prevalence of hospital acquired infection in surgical wards of 186 medical institutions in the province from July to December 2022 was investigated by means of a cross-sectional survey and bedside survey combined with inpatient records.

A total of 27 046 patients were investigated, and 504 cases of hospital acquired infection occurred. The prevalence rate of hospital acquired infection was 1.86%, neurosurgery(4.43%) and cardio-thoracic surgery(3.25%) were the highest, and the difference of infection rate among different surgical systems was statistically significant(χ²=157.980, P<0.001). The main site of hospital acquired infection was respiratory tract(0.99%), surgical site(0.50%), skin and soft tissue(0.24%), and the incidence rate of different infection sites was statistically significant(P<0.05). The prevalence rate of hospital acquired infection in Class I incision was 3.42%. The highest utilization rate of antibiotics was 40.72% in cardio-thoracic surgery(13.01%) and neurosurgery(11.64%). The hospital acquired infection rate of Class I incision in different departments was significantly different(χ²=186.607, P<0.001). The main purpose of medication in surgical ward was treatment(26.10%), and the rate of pre-medication examination in surgical ward was 33.41% for single medication(36.06%).

The incidence rate of hospital acquired infection in surgical ward shows a decreasing trend. Cardio-thoracic surgery and neurosurgery are still the most common departments causing hospital acquired infection of respiratory tract and incision-like surgical site infection.