To explore the relationship between Mediterranean dietary pattern and bone mineral density (BMD) in the middle-aged and elderly, so as to provide reference for nutritional prevention and control of bone health.

A total of 909 community residents aged 45 and above in Urumqi were enrolled from July 2018 to February 2019. The calcaneal bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by ultrasonic BMD device. The dietary intake information was collected by semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and scored by Mediterranean dietary pattern. Univariate and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of Mediterranean dietary score and bone mineral density and the relationship between them.

There were significant differences in the scores of Mediterranean dietary patterns among people of different genders (t=-2.199, P=0.028) and educational levels (F=6.986, P=0.001). There were significant differences in BMD T value among different genders (t=-4.632, P<0.001), age (F=19.753, P<0.001), smoking (t=3.617, P<0.001), physical activity level (F=5.858, P=0.003), and sleep duration (F=6.651, P=0.01). The results of multiple linear regression showed that there was a positive correlation between Mediterranean dietary pattern score and bone mineral density T value in the middle-aged and elderly women (β=0.090, P=0.024),while there was no statistical significance in male population model.

There is a positive correlation between Mediterranean diet and bone mineral density in middle-aged and elderly women. It is suggested that middle-aged and elderly residents adjust their diet to protect bone health.

To investigate the evaluation of integrated care management in patients with pulmonary nodule lung cancer and to provide basis for improving the service quality of integrated care management of chronic disease.

From January 2021 to December 2022, electronic questionnaires were distributed to patients with lung nodule lung cancer who met the inclusion criteria, and an anonymous survey was conducted. The chi-square test was used to compare the evaluation differences among different groups.

A total of 130 valid questionnaires were collected. The overall satisfaction evaluation, recommendation intention, and improvement evaluation of the integrated care management were 95.72, 94.66, and 79.89, respectively. There were significant differences (P<0.05) in satisfaction evaluation among different ethnic groups (χ²=16.788, P=0.010), education level (χ²=24.339, P=0.042), and management time (χ²=19.277, P=0.013). There were significant differences (P<0.05) in recommendation intention among patients of different ethnic groups (χ²=15.943, P=0.0144), occupation (χ²=37.265, P=0.011), and management time (χ²=9.536, P=0.049). There was a significant positive correlation among patient satisfaction evaluation, recommendation intention, and improvement evaluation, and the correlation coefficients were 0.581, 0.723, and 0.538,respectively.

The integrated care management model of pulmonary nodule lung cancer is widely recognized by patients, with high level of satisfactory evaluation, and patients have strong willingness to recommend. This model can significantly improve the medical service experience and treatment effect.

To explore the causal relationship among depressive symptoms in young men who have sex with men young (YMSM) in central China.

A total of 349 eligible YMSM who were recruited in Wuhan, Changsha, and Nanchang in 2017 and completed three rounds of follow-up in 2018 and 2019 were selected as research subjects. The depressive symptoms of the subjects were measured by the center for epidemiological survey-depression scale (CES-D), and the longitudinal network structure of depression was analyzed by cross-lag network.

During the period from baseline to the first round of follow-up, the statistical value of output centrality of loneliness was 3.541, which had the highest impact on other symptoms, followed by dislike for themselves (1.196). The central statistical value of unhappy input was 2.175, followed by boredom (1.124) and bitterness (1.093), indicating that these symptoms were most easily predicted by other symptoms. During the first round of follow-up to the second round of follow-up, unfriendliness (2.440) was the symptom with the highest impact on output expectations, followed by inability to perform daily work (1.708) and dislike for themselves (1.119). Fear (2.437), arduous work (1.374), and hopelessness (1.278) were the most easily predicted by other symptoms. In the YMSM depressive symptom network, loneliness (3.541), unfriendliness (2.440), and dislike for themselves (1.196) constituted a small symptom group, which occupied the core position of the network.

Interpersonal relationship plays an important role in the network structure of depressive symptoms in YMSM population. Future interventions should fully consider this and reduce YMSM depression by promoting social interaction and social integration of YMSM groups.

To analyze the cost-effectiveness of the expanded HIV testing strategy in Luzhou from 2018 to 2020, and to provide a basis for implementing or adjusting the strategy according to local conditions.

The cost data of HIV testing institutions at all levels were collected by self-made cost collection tools, and the number of tested people and newly reported cases were obtained from China Disease Prevention and Control Information system. The number of potential HIV infections averted by the sexual transmission route was estimated using the Bernoulli-process model, and the cost-effectiveness ratio was analyzed.

From 2018 to 2020, the cumulative investment cost of Luzhou city in the HIV expansion testing was 151.76 million yuan after discounting, and the average cost in the three years was 50.58 million yuan. A total of 5.60 million people received HIV test in the past three years, with 7 318 new cases detected, and the average cost was 27.1 yuan per test. According to the Bernoulli-process model, the number of new infections prevented by sexual transmission in Luzhou city was 545 (67-7 373). Cost effectiveness analysis showed that from 2018 to 2020, the cost for identifying each new HIV-infected person was 21 000 yuan, and 92 000 yuan (7 000- 755 000) for preventing each HIV infection.

The expanded HIV testing strategy implemented in Luzhou from 2018 to 2020 accords with the cost-effectiveness principle and has economic effects. The cost-effectiveness of testing varies greatly in different regions, so the expanded testing strategy should be implemented according to the epidemic situation of different regions.

To explore the association between adherence to community-based health management and glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).

The study encompassed 2 171 T2DM patients engaged in community health management in Huai’an District, Jiangsu Province. Adherence across five domains—medication, diet, exercise, self-monitoring, and hospital medical check-ups—was evaluated using the Diabetes Regimen Adherence Questionnaire. Adherence was classified as good or poor based on median scores, while glycemic control was defined by HbA_1c levels below 7.0%. Logistic regression models were utilized to assess the association between health management adherence and glycemic control.

After adjusting for confounding factors, the OR for achieving glycemic control among patients with good adherence in medication, diet, exercise, self-monitoring, hospital medical check-ups, and overall adherence were 1.402(95% CI:1.173-1.677), 1.231(95% CI:1.030-1.471), 0.985(95% CI:0.821-1.183), 0.968(95% CI:0.806-1.162), 1.107(95% CI:0.924-1.326) and1.050(95% CI:0.880-1.252), respectively, compared to those with poor adherence. In a subsequent analysis excluding patients with concurrent hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, and tumors, the OR were 1.987(95% CI:1.321-2.990) for medication, 1.606(95% CI:1.077-2.397) for diet, 1.282(95% CI:0.867-1.895) for exercise, 1.378(95% CI:0.910-2.085) for self-monitoring, 1.663(95% CI:1.126-2.456) for hospital medical check-ups, and 1.593(95% CI:1.077-2.354) for overall adherence.

Improved adherence to community health management significantly enhances glycemic control in T2DM patients, with substantial improvements observed through meticulous adherence to medication and dietary guidelines.

To examine the association between time to first cigarette (TTFC) after waking and hypertension in males.

The baseline data of 587 male current smokers in Rongchang district were collected from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort(CMEC) Study in Rongchang. The association between TTFC after waking and hypertension was conducted by multivariate logistic regression.

TTFC ≤5 minutes, 6-30 minutes, 31-60 minutes and > 60 minutes accounted for 34.24%, 26.75%, 16.70% and 22.31%. The prevalence of hypertension among 587 participants were 59.20%, 40.76%, 35.71%, 29.01%. Compared with TTFC>60 min after waking, TTFC<5min(OR=3.691, 95% CI: 2.176-6.259) and 6-30 min(OR=1.876, 95% CI: 1.236-2.911) were risk factors of hypertension after adjusting for confounding factors.

The short TTFC after waking is associated with a higher risk of hypertension. It is helpful to evaluate the risk of hypertension and make targeted smoking cessation plan according to TTFC.

To explore the situation faced by the strategy of Healthy China in the new era and clarify its connotation, feature and logic.

Citespace was used to conduct the bibliometric analysis of the policy and to explain the theoretical connotation of Healthy China based on the literature review.

In the process of integrating health into the rural revitalization strategy, health poverty reduction was implemented. In the face of the great changes unseen in a century, the construction of Healthy China focused on the conceptual practice of systemic, holistic and synergistic, and enriched its value function, theoretical guidance and practical significance.

The study elaborates the history and experience of the health cause, the situation and requirements of the new era, the connotative features and logical rationale of the construction of a healthy China, and provides a reference for the construction of a theoretical system to comprehensively promote the construction of a healthy China and the development of innovative theories.

To investigate the status of heavy metal pollution in lotus root samples in Shandong Province and to assess the health risk.

A total of 1 927 lotus root samples were collected by stratified random sampling method in 16 cities of Shandong Province. According to GB 5009.2682016 "Determination of Multi-elements in Food" and GB 5009.172014 "Determination of Total Mercury and Organic Mercury in Food", the contents of lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic in lotus root were determined and analyzed. The pollution index method was used to assess the pollution status of heavy metals in lotus roots, and the target hazard coefficient method and total target hazard coefficient method were used to quantitatively assess the health risks of heavy metals in lotus root to human health.

The four heavy metals in lotus root in Shandong Province were detected to varying degrees. The average values of lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic were 0.017 4, 0.004 6, 0.001 8, and 0.029 9 mg/kg, respectively. A total of 42 samples exceeding the standard were collected from 1 927 samples in this study, with an overall eligibility rate of 97.82%. The pollution index and comprehensive pollution index of the four heavy metals in lotus root were all lower than 0.7. The THQ and TTHQ values of the four heavy metals in adults and children were all less than 1.

The overall level of heavy metals in lotus roots in Shandong Province is relatively low. The health risks caused by heavy metals exposed by residents consuming lotus root are at an acceptable level, so it is suggested to continuously monitor the level of heavy metals in lotus root and evaluate its health risk.

To investigate and analyze the situation of hospital acquired infection in surgical ward of Guizhou Province in 2022, and to provide direction and method for improving the prevention and control of hospital acquired infection.

The prevalence of hospital acquired infection in surgical wards of 186 medical institutions in the province from July to December 2022 was investigated by means of a cross-sectional survey and bedside survey combined with inpatient records.

A total of 27 046 patients were investigated, and 504 cases of hospital acquired infection occurred. The prevalence rate of hospital acquired infection was 1.86%, neurosurgery(4.43%) and cardio-thoracic surgery(3.25%) were the highest, and the difference of infection rate among different surgical systems was statistically significant(χ²=157.980, P<0.001). The main site of hospital acquired infection was respiratory tract(0.99%), surgical site(0.50%), skin and soft tissue(0.24%), and the incidence rate of different infection sites was statistically significant(P<0.05). The prevalence rate of hospital acquired infection in Class I incision was 3.42%. The highest utilization rate of antibiotics was 40.72% in cardio-thoracic surgery(13.01%) and neurosurgery(11.64%). The hospital acquired infection rate of Class I incision in different departments was significantly different(χ²=186.607, P<0.001). The main purpose of medication in surgical ward was treatment(26.10%), and the rate of pre-medication examination in surgical ward was 33.41% for single medication(36.06%).

The incidence rate of hospital acquired infection in surgical ward shows a decreasing trend. Cardio-thoracic surgery and neurosurgery are still the most common departments causing hospital acquired infection of respiratory tract and incision-like surgical site infection.

To investigate the effects of combined exposure to benzene mixture and noise on occupational noise-induced hearing loss in male workers.

This study focused on 1 283 male workers from a bus manufacturing company. A total of 889 workers exposed occupational noise were in the noise exposure group, and 394 workers exposed to both benzene mixture and noise were in the combined exposure group. Pure-tone air conduction threshold tests were conducted on both groups at six frequencies: 500 Hz, 1 000 Hz, 2 000 Hz, 3 000 Hz, 4 000 Hz, and 6 000 Hz. Then the differences in high-frequency and speech-frequency hearing loss between the two groups were compared and the impact of age, work experience, body mass index(BMI), smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, and exposure factors on hearing loss was analyzed.

The high-frequency and speech-frequency hearing loss in the combined exposure group were significantly higher than the noise group(P<0.01). As age increased, the detection rate of hearing loss also increased among the workers(P<0.01). Combined exposure to benzene and noise, age ≥40 years, work experience ≥20 years, and alcohol consumption were the risk factors for high-frequency hearing loss(P<0.01). Combined exposure to benzene and noise, age ≥40 years, and work experience of 10-20 years were the risk factors for speech-frequency hearing loss(P<0.01). Combined exposure to benzene and noise increased the risk of noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL) among the workers(OR for high-frequency=1.974, OR for speech-frequency=13.086).

Combined exposure to benzene and noise may have a synergistic effect on NIHL.