To provide reference for improving and promoting the management and reform of practical ability training of Master of Public Health (MPH).

Based on the connotation of practical ability, combined with the characteristics of practical ability training in sample colleges, the USEM model of MPH practical ability was constructed, and the multiple realization paths that could improve MPH practical ability were extracted by fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis.

Eight combined paths were identified including practical interest A* achievement motive B* no practical pressure ~ C* adaptability and strain capacy D* interpersonal communication E* team work and autonomous learning ability F* professional knowledge G* professional skill H* lack of analytical ability and judgement ~ I* implementation ability K* monitoring and evaluation ability L (* represented “and” while ~ represented “not”). Through the interactive comparison of different combination paths, it is found that practical interest, achievement motivation and self-monitoring and evaluation ability are the necessary conditions to improve the practical ability of MPH. Social adaptability had an important influence on the improvement of MPH practical ability. Practical pressure and implementation ability could complement each other in improving MPH practical ability. Practical interest, achievement motivation, analysis and judgment ability and decision planning ability were the core conditions to improve MPH practical ability.

It is suggested to improve practical interest, stimulate achievement motivation, strengthen self-monitoring and evaluation ability, pay attention to the cultivation of social adaptability and improve students’ comprehensive quality, restrict industry mentors by system to give students appropriate practical pressure, and explore the opportunity of situational education and strengthen the ability of situational practice.