The granulated copper slag prepared by dry centrifugal granulation process was taken as oxygen carrier, a thermodynamic analysis and an experimental study were conducted for oxygen absorption and release reactions of copper slag. The effects of oxidation temperature, reduction temperature, particle size of copper slag and CaO addition on the phase composition of copper slag were investigated. The results show that the reactions of oxygen absorption and release of iron oxide in copper slag run step by step, and the granulated copper slag particles have certain capacity of oxygen absorption and release. Oxidation and reduction at higher temperature is beneficial to reactions of oxygen absorption and release of iron oxide in copper slag. Copper slag with smaller particle size is beneficial to the oxygen absorption reaction of FeO and Fe₃O₄, and addition of CaO is beneficial to the oxygen release reaction of copper slag.

To address the problems of low recognition accuracy and slow speed of current plate shape pattern recognition methods, a pattern recognition model for cold-rolled strip plate shape based on IHPO-KELM was proposed. Firstly, kernel extreme learning machine (KELM) network was adopted to reduce the number of initial parameters in the network and improve the accuracy and speed of plate shape recognition. Secondly, Levy flight mechanism was added to the improved position update formula for linear combination by using the population of the predator algorithm initialized based on Sine chaos mapping, so as to improve the accuracy of the predator (HPO) algorithm, as well as to address the problem of HPO easily falling into local precocity during the iteration process. Then, the improved predator algorithm was used to optimize the regularization and kernel parameters of the KELM network model, as well as improve the accuracy of plate shape recognition. Finally, the Matlab simulation results have verified that the IHPO-KELM algorithm has the advantages of simple network structure, high convergence speed, and high recognition accuracy. The recognition accuracy of IHPO-KELM algorithm in identifying the measured data of 900HC reversible cold rolling mill of a company is higher than the KELM recognition model optimized with sparrow algorithm (SSA-KELM) by 58.8%, indicating a good generalization ability of IHPO-KEM recognition model. This provides a new idea for efficient and intelligent recognition of plate shape defects.

The action and mechanism of copolymer of maleic acid and acrylic acid (PMAA) in flotation separation of barite and fluorite in the presence of collector of sodium oleate were studied. A single mineral flotation test shows that sodium oleate has a good collecting for barite and fluorite, and PMAA has an obvious selective depressing effect on fluorite. A flotation test of artificially mixed minerals confirms that PMAA can achieve the separation of barite from fluorite in the presence of sodium oleate. A Zeta potential test shows that PMAA can hinder the adsorption of sodium oleate on the surface of fluorite, but cannot hinder its adsorption on barite surface. An XPS analysis shows that PMAA isn't effectively adsorbed on the surface of barite, but is chemically adsorbed on the surface of fluorite through the interaction between carboxyl groups of PMAA and calcium ions of fluorite, thus achieving the selective depression of fluorite during the flotation of barite with sodium oleate.

Mineral processing tests were conducted for a fine refractory copper ore with Cu grade of 0.75%. A combined process consisting of magnetic separation, rapid flotation of copper minerals, enhanced copper flotation of rapid flotation tailings, and regrinding and cleaning of rough copper concentrate was adopted in a closed-circuit test, yielding a copper concentrate grading of 23.57% Cu at a recovery of 83.23%.

Aiming at the problem of high fragmentation by blasting in Baiyinnuoer Lead-Zinc Mine, the unit consumption of explosive and delay intervals between rows in a fan-shaped pattern of blastholes with medium depth were analyzed by numerical simulation with ANSYS/LS-DYNA. According to Von Mises yield criterion, the effective stress, peak value of vibration velocity, and rock damage area of the recorded unit were analyzed. The results show that with unit consumption of explosive at 1.16 kg/m³ and delay interval of 100 ms between rows, the effective stress, peak value of vibration velocity and rock damage area of the recorded unit all can meet the design requirements. The optimized parameters of unit consumption of explosive and delay interval were then applied in on-site blasting with blastholes in a staggered array. The muck pile after blasting was analyzed by using Split-Desktop 4.0, and it is found that the rock fragmentation by blasting is 4.34%, indicating that high fragmentation by blasting can be effectively controlled.

With the polymetallic tailings from Chenzhou of Hunan Province as the research object, an approach of macro volume and mass separation according to the composition of tailings was proposed for a comprehensive utilization. Firstly, magnetic separation was used to sort out iron-aluminum minerals, and then the non-magnetic minerals were processed to obtain calcium and silicon minerals by adopting a flotation process consisting of one stage of roughing, two stages of scavenging and seven stages of cleaning, with sodium oleate as the collector, sodium carbonate as the regulator, and the mixture of GLY-Ⅲ and sodium hexametaphosphate as the depressant. The as-obtained iron-aluminum minerals contain 40.17% garnet at a recovery of 94.08%. The obtained calcium mineral has a Ca grade of 58.00% at a recovery of 50.29%, with the content of fluorite therein reaching 76.47%, while the silicon mineral has a Si grade of 27.96% at a recovery exceeding 99%. These three products all meet the requirements for preparing building materials such as cementing materials and ceramic aggregates, providing new methods and ideas for high consumption of tailings.

In order to clarify the influence of geometric parameters of tapered pipeline on particle flow characteristics in pneumatic conveying, numerical simulation was conducted for horizontal pipelines with 5 kinds of taper ratio and taper length by adopting CFD-DEM coupling method. Influence of geometric parameters of taper ratio and taper length on particle velocity, pressure loss and Froude number in tapered pipeline was investigated. The results show that tapered pipe can reduce particle velocity. As taper length and taper ratio increase, particle velocity increases first and then decreases. And the tapered pipe can also reduce pressure drop in pipeline. As taper ratio and taper length increase, pressure loss in pipeline increases. The higher the taper ratio, the smaller the Froude number in tapered pipe is. As taper length increases, the Froude number decreases more slowly.

In order to improve accuracy in selection of blasting parameters for open-pit mines, a mathematical model was established for determining bench blasting parameters in open-pit mines based on production cost of stope, and the blasting parameters were then optimized by using an improved sparrow search algorithm. The results show that the improved sparrow search algorithm can effectively improve the effect of bench blasting in open-pit mine, but also improves the construction efficiency. With Yulong Mining Industry Company in Xizang as an example, the blasting parameters after optimization are as follows: hole spacing of 6.2 m, row spacing of 4.9 m, and unit explosive consumption of 0.32 kg/t. With these blasting parameters, the stope production cost goes down by 7.5% to 11.06 yuan/t, and the bulk rate can be controlled within 10%.

A nine-hole cut blasting method was adopted in a test of Tonglushan stope. In combination with on-site actual situation, cutting blasting with medium hole length was studied by using theories of compensated space and fissure zone. The first circle of blasthole layout for cutting blasting was optimized, and four types of models for first circle of blasthole layout were then established by LS-DYNA software. After simulation calculation, the rock blasting effect was simulated by using RHT constitutive model. The results show that the more number of empty blastholes (that is, the larger the compensation space), the better the blasting effect in cutting area. The uniformity of empty blasthole position (that is the uniformity of compensative space) will also influence blasting effect. It is shown that both the section and height of the trench after blasting in the field test meet the design requirement, which proves that the first circle blasthole layout for cutting blasting is reasonable.

To address the problems of low conductivity and poor cycling performance of silicon oxide as negative electrode material, polyacrylamide (PAM) was adopted as a carbon source for the first carbon coating, and the methane-acetylene mixture was used as a gas-phase carbon source for the second coating by chemical vapor deposition to prepare nitrogen-containing double-layer carbon-coated silicon oxide anode materials (SiO_x@ DC-N). Compared with pure gas-phase coated (SiO_x@ GC) and pure liquid-phase coated (SiO_x@ LC) silicon oxide anode material, SiO_x@ DC-N exhibits excellent rate performance and cycling stability, showing that the specific capacity is 850.1 mAh/g at a current density of 4C (1C=1 500 mA/g). The 18650 cylindrical batteries prepared by using a mixed graphite in a ratio of 5∶95 can have a capacity retention rate of 92.70% after 700 cycles of charging and discharging at a current density of 1C.