The construction of evaluation system is an important means to measure science popularization effects and abilities in supporting “Mass Entrepreneurship and Innovation”. This paper examines and analyzes current researches in science popularization evaluation in China, and constructs evaluation indicator system for science popularization in line with “Mass Entrepreneurship and Innovation”. The indicators are designed with reference to four aspects of science popularization, namely, science popularization conditions, science popularization processes, science popularization effects, and integration of science popularization with economy. In the end, the paper proposes to build a science popularization evaluation system for science and technology institutions supporting “Mass Entrepreneurship and Innovation”.

The standardization of science popularization service is a managemental idea which introduces the concept of standardization into science popularization service. It is of great significance in promoting robust and sustainable development of science popularization in China. However, current research on standardization of science popularization service is still blank; the connotation of science popularization service and its standardization are defined for the first time in this paper. The development of standardization of science popularization service at home and abroad are also analyzed, and the principles, methods, framework and standards for constructing standardization system are put forward.

This paper analyzes the connotation and propagation conditions of rumors during COVID-19, introduces the concept of “public participation” from the science communication perspective, and further analyzes two WeChat public accounts named “Dr. Lilac” and “Popular Science China”. It is found that the rumor refuting mechanisms of the two WeChat accounts are different, and there are three problems in their practices of science communication, namely, outmoded ideas, imperfect processes, and lack of tactics. Finally, a feasible way to effectively refute rumors in public health emergencies is put forward.

This paper focuses on the performances of the Chinese internet public opinion and the emergency science popularization (ESP) in current COVID-19 situations, based on the collecting of the big data of public opinion trends as well as the cloud chart of hot topic words in Chinese from Yunhe Data Platform, and then investigates the public demands on ESP against COVID-19 through online survey. The big data analysis shows there are close relations between the COVID-19 epidemic situations and public opinion trends, and the ESP practice in China could hardly match the public demands in the aspects of information authority and knowledge comprehensiveness. Based on the above study, four suggestions are proposed for the emergency science popularization in China in such situation.

Based on the analysis and investigations on science popularization practices in South Korea, Japan, and Italy (countries which were early affected by COVID-19), this paper gives suggestions on current and future science popularization work for combating COVID-19 in China.

Risk communication is an indispensable part of risk management. Both research and practice on risk communication need improving in China. This perspective article elaborates the key components for carrying out risk communication which are identifying information gap, designing communication messages, and carrying out communication, and presents the basic research needed for supporting these undertakings. Based on such analysis, suggestions are put forward on improving the multi-disciplinary research in the field of risk communication in China.

Taking the emergency science popularization (ESP) practice against COVID-19 from different science popularization bloggers of SINA microblog as samples to describe the real status of ESP on microblog through methods of text analysis and questionnaire surveys. It is found that ESP on microblog has problems in four aspects, namely, timeliness, systematicality, synergy, and interactivity. Therefore, four optimization tactics are proposed for ESP on microblog, that is, to prepare emergency plans based on supervision of hot topics; to establish microblog ESP platforms based on integration of information and resources; to improve the readability of ESP contents in accordance with the preferences of audience; and to grasp the chance of secondary science popularization by enhancing the interacting function of microblog.

Emergency science popularization (ESP) museum is sort of basic infrastructure for normalized ESP, and plays an important role in science popularization responding to public emergencies. By analyzing the regional distribution, the scale, the opening hour, and the categories of existing ESP museums in China, it is found that the ESP museums in China are entering a period of intensive and rapid development with a variety of forms and contents. However, as compared to the increasing demand of ESP, there are still problems in the construction of ESP museums in China such as the quantities are insufficient, the regional distribution is unbalanced, the construction in general lacks scientific guidance, and the science popularization contents need to be improved and the digital platforms to be built. For the future development of ESP museums, it is suggested that: top design should be strengthened from policy and legality points of view; ESP work system should be improved; construction of digital platforms should be accelerated, so as to provide more precise ESP services.

This paper gives in-science and off-science analysis and rethink on some phenomena and problems appeared during the prevention and control of COVID-19, centering on three aspects, namely, science research, public understanding, and science communication. It is concluded that improvements are necessary in the fields of science research, science communication, epidemic outbreak alert and control, and social administration in China.

In order to understand the current situation of rumor refutation platforms and explore new countermeasures for rumor refuting, the author takes Tencent News Comparison Platform “Real-Time Rumor Refuting for COVID-19” as the research object. Samples are taken from the publications of the platform in more than a month to analyze the numbers of the rumors verified, the source of information and its reliability, the verifiers under real names, and the differing data of verification results, etc.. It is concluded that there are several advantages in the performance of the platform, such as brevity and novel forms, highlighted credit of verification, subdivided verification results, rapid real-time rumor refuting, new mass media used, enhanced communication through multi-entrances, and so on. However, there still remain some problems, namely, the selection of verifiers needs to be improved, the verification results need to be further subdivided scientifically, the presentation of truths and rumors in proportion needs to be reasonably optimized, the communication function of verification articles needs to be enhanced, and the real-time rumor refuting library needs to be developed. It is concluded that rumor refuting mechanism should be developed by active use of big data technology, by establishment of multi-party alliances, and by market-oriented operations.