Distinguished engineers are an important component of the national strategic talent force, which is of great significance for accelerating sci-tech self-reliance and self-strengthening at higher levels and building a world scientific and technological powerhouse. Based on the analysis of the first National Engineer Award winners, this paper conducts a portrait analysis of the characteristics, abilities, and growth paths of the group to explore the common growth patterns of the engineer community. It is found that advanced engineering technical knowledge and skills are prerequisite for outstanding engineers, exploring and solving practical engineering technical problems are their mission, scientific research and innovation capabilities are their foundation, and they are driven by national needs and the industrial development. Their growths stem from full career development learning, collaborative research of task teams, and dedicated research towards breakthroughs in key technology areas. Based on these findings this paper deeply analyzes the problems existing in the current training of outstanding engineers in China and proposes some suggestions.

European Space Agency decides to develop the space weather mission Vigil as its first dedicated operational satellite in the Space Safety Program, which is a milestone in the field of global space weather research, forecast and services. This paper describes the unique advantages of Vigil mission in monitoring and forecasting space weather at the L5 point of the Sun-Earth system, and briefly addresses its objective and payload. Its long formulation process and future implementation plan are reviewed, as well as the active participation of the United States in the mission. It is pointed out that China must pay more attentions to the negative impacts of space weather on economic and social development and space security, and actively promote the development of an independent national space weather space-based monitoring system.

The "guardrail provisions" of the United States' CHIPS and Science Act are an important part of the U. S. semiconductor industry's development strategy. The primary purpose was to limit companies with leading-edge semiconductor technology from investing, expanding production, or providing technological licensing in China, as well as restricting U. S. institutions with advanced technology from cooperating with China's counterparts. The detailed regulations of the recently implemented CHIPS fund further clarified the scope of application, exceptions, and punitive measures under the "guardrail provisions". This article introduces the mechanisms of the "guardrail provisions", analyzes the impact of the "guardrail provisions" on the development of semiconductor industry and technological innovation. This article also proposes suggestions for China to respond to the blockade of the "guardrail provisions" from both domestic regulation and international rule perspectives.

Service-integrated housing (SIH) is an important type of residential housing for the elderly, which has attracted much attention in recent years. By reviewing relevant international literature, this paper analyzes relevant concepts, sorts out the main characteristics, discusses the effects and influences, and summarizes the development status and trend. It is found that SIH is an independent building type between general housing and skilled nursing care facilities, and the flexible combination of housing and services is its signature feature. International experience has shown that the development of such buildings has a positive impact on stakeholders such as governments, older people and the market. In recent years, SIH has developed rapidly internationally and has shown development trends such as urbanization, miniaturization, and strengthening of service capabilities. The international experience is conducive to helping China deepen the understanding of the concept of SIH and respond to the issues of development necessity and direction.

In recent years, the construction of cognitive-friendly communities has become a new issue in the context of an aging society and the concept of "people-oriented" urban development. This paper sorts out the theory and significance of cognitivefriendly communities. It also explores the group attributes, behavioural characteristics and environmental needs of cognitively impaired groups. Based on this, the paper discusses the construction of cognitive-friendly communities in terms of physical environment (safe wayfinding, environmental stimulation, need satisfaction) and social environment (social capital, social identity) through reviewing the existing studies. Finally, in view of the limitations of existing studies, the following research and practice outlooks are proposed for the future construction of cognitive-friendly communities: 1) dissecting the needs and preferences of cognitively impaired groups; 2) exploring the categories of stimuli and the mechanisms of environmental factors; 3) quantitatively analyzing the utility of environmental influences; 4) constructing a cognitive-friendly community assessment system. This research can provide scientific theoretical support for building cognitive-friendly communities.

Under the background of the promulgation of the Law on the Construction of Barrier-free Environment and the implementation of the national strategy of actively responding to the aging of the population in China, the significance of therapeutic landscape is prominent, which has important rehabilitation benefits and leisure activity value for the disabled and the all-age population . The design of sensory gardens meeting the needs of more groups has become a hot topic, and it is urgent to summarize the existing results and reveal its development trend. Based on the perspective of generalized accessibility theory, by analyzing the dynamics of academic literature related to sensory gardens, the generalized accessibility shift can be found in terms of service groups, space and design performance. From the aspects of research methods, health benefits, circulation design and sensory design strategies, it can be found that generalized accessible landscape is the development trend of sensory gardens, and the future research on sensory gardens should include expanding solid evidence-based data, and translating it into refined and implementable design guidelines.

After China has made remarkable achievements in tackling poverty, overcoming relative poverty has become a difficult problem in the new period. Overcoming energy poverty will be an important task for China to promote energy transformation and achieve common prosperity. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) in China from 2005 to 2021, this paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system to measure the energy poverty index, and studies the regional differences and distribution dynamics of energy poverty in China by using the two-dimensional decomposition method of Gini coefficient, kernel density estimation and Markov chain. Come to a conclusion:China's energy poverty has eased as a whole, with obvious regional differences; The overall difference is convergent, with the most obvious difference between regions and the largest difference in energy consumption structure. Energy poverty is persistent and characterized by "club convergence". The above conclusions will provide inspiration and decisionmaking reference for understanding the current situation of energy poverty in China and solving it.

The concept of "all-age friendliness" is a nascent but profound topic that impacts the spatial quality and future development of cities. This study focuses on the main urban area of Wuhan as a research subject to address issues such as insufficient refinement and mismatches between age groups and spatial needs in current urban planning and construction. Leveraging big data from online public opinion, combined with techniques such as natural language processing and geospatial statistical analysis, we identify critical spatial issues related to different age groups and their distribution characteristics. We argue that spatial issues related to all age groups vary in content and emphasis. Old communities, schools and their surrounding neighborhoods, as well as commercial and office areas, are prone to issues specifically related to certain age groups. Urban transportation spaces and residential areas undergoing renewal are more likely to encounter issues pertaining to all age groups. Conversely, blue and green public spaces represent the least problematic spatial types. Based on these findings, we provide guidance for the nascent exploration of all-age friendly cities in China, focusing on two aspects: supporting the use of specific age groups and facilitating shared access for all ages. This research contributes to the ongoing efforts in enhancing the urban spatial quality and inclusivity for all age groups.

Integrated energy system (IES) has broken the boundaries between various terminal energy networks. Comprehensive evaluation of its technology popularization and application is an important step to promote the development and construction of IES. To cope with the problems of IES such as technology's wide scope, large number influencing factors, and complicated evaluation indexes, an evaluation model and method of IES technology's popularization and application are established by combining operation research comprehensive evaluation theory and digital portrait technology. Based on massive monitoring data and IES operation data, the evaluation model generates a multi-source feature evaluation label system regarding to environment, performance, economy and society, and integrates the popularization and application information from many aspects to build a complete and multidimensional IES technology portrait. According to expert scoring and important information feature screening of IES original data, a method combining subjective and objective analytic hierarchy process (AHP-entropy weight method) is used to assign weights to the labels, and the contour of IES technical portrait is formed by fine weight calculation. Finally, the national IES demonstration project in Shanghai Lingang and a park level IES project in the north are selected as examples for evaluation and verification. Results show that the model and method proposed in this paper are applicable in engineering applications and can provide reference for design and construction of IES and promotion and application of key technologies.

Systematically assessing the scarcity of metals required by large-scale development in wind-power and solar power sectors and conducting recycling simulation are the basis of tackling the metal constraint challenge. We argue that 6 types of metal minerals (copper, nickel, dysprosium, tellurium, zinc, silver) have greater supply pressures during the wind-power and solar photovoltaics development while tellurium, copper and nickel have relatively higher criticality. The uncertainties of windpower and solar photovoltaics development have impacts on the supply pressure of metal minerals. "Wind-dominate" pathways generally have a greater metal mineral supply pressure than "solar photovoltaics dominate" pathways. The metal recycling and reuse strategies will play an important role in the mid to long-term future. The coping strategies have greater impacts on dysprosium and silver than other metals. The 20%~30% increasement of metal recycling rate will lead to 5%~16% decline of cumulative metal pressure. We also show that the current metal availability of China cannot fully meet the metal mineral demand during China's large-scale development in wind-power and solar-power, nor can the adptation of single strategies. We suggest that policy makers should consider the heterogeneity of different metal minerals, the uncertainty of energy development pathways, and the characteristics of metal supply when constructing the integrated coping strategies portfolio in the future.

At present, visually impaired groups account for as much as 0.9% in China while the outdoor guide environment and the landscape experience design for the visually impaired still face many challenges, such as imperfect guide facilities and lack of sensory experience. This paper takes the 15-minute living circle around the Guanyuan Bridge in Beijing as the main research sample, and uses Depthmap software to calculate the optimal path for a visually impaired in the circle to travel from one place to another (e.g., from the blind massage shop to the park, etc.). Combined with investigation and interview, an evaluation system for the use of the travel path for the visually impaired group is finally constructed, and the landscape experience design strategies of the visually impaired group are proposed in terms of point space, linear space, and plane space.

This article takes the travel needs of visually impaired population as the entry point and the barrier-free environment of urban living streets that are essential for travel as the research object. Firstly, 18 visually impaired individuals were selected to conduct semi-structured interviews, and the built environment data of the study area was obtained through open-source data and field research. Secondly, based on the Grounded Theory, the intense degree of travel willingness of the visually impaired people was correlated with their travel needs, i. e., "able to travel" corresponds to safety, "easy to travel" corresponds to convenience, and "willing to travel" corresponds to comfort, and then constructs an evaluation system for the accessibility of living streets in 3 dimensions - safety, convenience and comfort. Finally, taking the living streets in the historical district（Daoli area） in Harbin as the empirical object, the barrier-free environments of the streets were evaluated, and the problems and spatial characteristics were summarized from the 3 dimensions of safety, convenience and comfort, so as to propose optimization strategies such as the diversification of the types of barrier-free facilities for the visually impaired, providing scientific support for the construction of barrier-free environment and the practice of high quality urban street renewal.