To compare the antibacterial (against Escherichia coli/Salmonella), antiviral (against HSV-1/2), and NF-κB inhibitory activity of sea buckthorn leaf extracts (SBLE) from different origins.

SBLEs were prepared using 65% ethanol for hot reflux extraction of sea buckthorn leaves from different origins. The differences in their fingerprint profiles were analyzed by liquid chromatography. The colorimetric method was used to detect the inhibitory activity of Escherichia coli and Salmonella. The CCK-8 assay was employed to evaluate the activity of Vero cells infected with HSV-1/2. The luciferase reporter assay was conducted to assess the activity of NF-κB in TNF-α-induced NF-κB reporter (Luc)-HEK 293 cells.

SBLE from Datong and Huzhu exhibited better inhibitory effects on Escherichia coli (with EC₅₀ values of 184.3 and 211.6 μg·mL^-1, respectively) and Salmonella (with EC₅₀ values of 284.6 and 300.9 μg·mL^-1, respectively). SBLE from Datong, Pingan, Huzhu, Youyu, Heshun, and Zhangbei showed similar inhibitory effects on HSV-1 and HSV-2, with EC₅₀ values ranging from 27 to 36 μg·mL^-1. SBLE from Heshun, Zhangbei, and Huzhu exhibited better inhibition of NF-κB, with EC₅₀ values of 122.6, 137.1, and 154.1 μg·mL^-1, respectively.

The activities of SBLE from different origins vary, with SBLE from Datong exhibiting the best anti-Escherichia coli/Salmonella activity, SBLE from Youyu showing the best anti-HSV-1/2 activity, and SBLE from Heshun having the best NF-κB inhibitory effect.

To establish the quality standards for Jianpixiaoxian spray and provide a scientific basis for the optimization of its preparation process and quality control.

Jianpixiaoxian spray was prepared using a combination of steam distillation and water decoction methods. The quality of the product was preliminarily evaluated through pH value, filling volume variation, and spray volume. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to establish characteristic fingerprints for different batches, with neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, and 1, 3-dicaffeoylquinic acid used as marker components for multi-component content determination.

The prepared Jianpixiaoxian spray was a dark brown, clear, and transparent liquid with a fragrant aroma and a bitter taste. The pH value ranged from 6.2 to 7.4, with each bottle containing 9.5 to 10.5 mL and an average spray volume per actuation of 90.7 to 95.4 mg. The similarity of the HPLC fingerprints of 10 batches was above 0.90, with 13 common peaks identified. Among which Peaks 2, 4, and 8 were identified as neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, and 1, 3-dicaffeoylquinic acid, respectively. The contents of these three components were (0.314 7±0.0057) mg·mL^-1, (0.626 3±0.009 1) mg·mL^-1, and (0.170 9±0.003 2) mg·mL^-1.

The optimized preparation process for Jianpixiaoxian spray is feasible. The established HPLC fingerprint and multi-component content determination methods are specific, repeatable, and stable, providing an effective means for quality control and evaluation of this preparation and laying a foundation for its clinical application and industrial production.

To establish a size exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography (SEC-HPLC) method for the determination of the purity of recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (rh-bFGF).

The purity of rh-bFGF solution was determined using TSK G2000SWXL column and high-performance liquid chromatography, and the specificity, repeatability, precision, detection limit, stability, and durability of the method were evaluated.

The blank solvent has no interference with the rh-bFGF main peak, and the degradation impurities under various destruction conditions didn't interfere with the determination of the rh-bFGF peak, and the purity index of the rh-bFGF peak was greater than 990. The repeatability and intermediate precision experimental results showed that the separation degree of impurities and the rh-bFGF main peak was greater than 1.5, and the RSD was 0.36% and 0.64%, respectively. The detection limit was 0.185 μg·mL^-1. The durability experiment results show that fluctuations in flow rate, column temperature, and wavelength had no effect on the detection results, and the RSD of each condition was less than 2.0%.

The SEC-HPLC method developed has the advantages of simple operation, accurate results, strong specificity, high stability and good applicability, and can be used for rh-bFGF purity determination.

To investigate the residue of mycotoxins in Fukang tablets.

The multi-in-one immunoaffinity columns were used to establish a UPLC-MS/MS quantitative analysis method, which was applied to analyze 29 batches of samples collected from six manufacturing enterprises.

The linear relationship of 11 mycotoxins was good within their respective linear ranges, with the correlation coefficient r ranging from 0.996 4 to 0.999 9 and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) ranging from 0.4 to 40 ng/tablet. The average recovery rate of 11 mycotoxins was 74.0% to 115.7%, and the RSD ranged from 2.6% to 11.3%. Among 29 batches of Fukang Tablets, except one batch in which fumonisin B3 (FB3) was measured at 10.4 ng/tablet, while the mycotoxin levels in the other samples were all less than 5 ng/tablet.

This method is rapid, accurate, highly sensitive, and reproducible, making it suitable for the quantitative detection and safety evaluation of multiple mycotoxins in Fukang tablets with complex matrix components.

To establish a simple and economical high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for determination of the concentrations of ceftazidime, meropenem, ceftriaxone and cefoperazone in human plasma.

The analysis was performed using an Agilent Extend C₁₈ (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) chromatographic column, and protein components were removed using ultrafiltration tubes. A gradient elution system consisting of acetonitrile and 50 mmol·L^-1 sodium dihydrogen phosphate (pH 2.4) was employed as the mobile phase. The column temperature was maintained at 35 °C, with a flow rate of 1 mL·min^-1. Detection was achieved using a dual-wavelength ultraviolet spectrophotometry at 250 and 300 nm.

The four β-lactam antibiotics exhibited good linearity within their respective ranges (r²> 0.999), with an average extraction recovery ranging from 68.98% to 83.50%. The intra-day precision RSD was between 0.06% and 2.67%, while the inter-day precision RSD was between 0.04% and 3.32%.

This study successfully established an HPLC method for the determination of the concentrations of ceftazidime, meropenem, ceftriaxone, and cefoperazone, which is suitable for monitoring the plasma concentrations of these four β-lactam antibiotics.

To develop a quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker (QAMS) method for simultaneous determination of six major components (nitidine chloride, chelerythrine, hesperidin, zanthoxylumol, dictamnine and pimpinellin) in Toddalia asiatica.

A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was adopted using a Waters Symmetry C₁₈ column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution and acetonitrile (containing 0.1% formic acid) with gradient elution. The flow rate was set at 0.8 mL·min^-1, the detection wavelength was 280 nm, and the column temperature was maintained at 30 ℃. Taking hesperidin as the reference standard, relative correction factors (RCFs) of the other five components were determined, and the contents of the six major components were calculated. The accuracy and feasibility of the QAMS method were verified by investigating the robustness of RCFs and comparing the results with those obtained by the external standard method.

Within the linear range, the RCFs of nitidine chloride, chelerythrine, zanthoxylumol, dictamnine and pimpinellin were 0.170, 0.353, 3.443, 1.546 and 0.664, respectively. The RCFs exhibited good robustness under different experimental conditions (RSD < 3%). Additionally, there was no significant difference between the results obtained by the QAMS method and the external standard method for the analysis of eight batches of Toddalia asiatica.

The developed QAMS method is accurate and feasible, which can be used for determining the contents of major components in Toddalia asiatica.

To investigate the efficacy and safety of programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors in elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a real-world setting.

The medical records of 103 patients with advanced NSCLC who received PD-1 inhibitors from January 1, 2020 to January 1, 2023 were retrospectively analyzed 103 patients with advanced NSCLC to compare the objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and adverse drug reaction (ADR) incidence rates among patients aged 65 to 74 years and those 75 years and older.

The ORR for the 65-74 age group (n=93) and ≥75 years group (n=10) was 44.09% and 40.00%, respectively. DCR was 83.87% and 90.00%, respectively. The overall incidence of ADR was 95.70% and 100.00%, and the incidence of grade ≥3 ADR was 18.28% and 20.00%. No statistically significant differences were observed between groups.

Elderly patients with advanced NSCLC receiving PD-1 inhibitors showed similar efficacy and safety between 65-74 years and ≥75 years. However, given the small sample size in the ≥75 years group, these preliminary results warrant further validation through large-scale, prospective studies.

To compare the efficacy and safety of Remimazolam versus propofol combined with nalbuphine for painless gastroenteroscopy anesthesia in alcoholics.

A total of 90 alcoholic patients from Dongguan Songshan Lake Central Hospital from January 2022 to March 2023 were randomly assigned into two groups using a random number table. The observation group (n=45) received remimazolam combined with nalbuphine, while the control group (n=45) received propofol combined with nalbuphine. The onset time of anesthesia, awakening time, recovery time, heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), pulse oxygen saturation (SpO₂) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded. Pain levels were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and sedation levels were assessed using the Ramsay Sedation Scale.

The onset time, awakening time and recovery time of anesthesia were significantly shorter in the observation group compared to the control group (P<0.05). Both groups experienced significant decreases in HR, RR, SpO₂ and MAP after endoscopy compared to pre-procedure levels (P<0.05), with the observation group significantly more stable hemodynamic parameters (P<0.05). The VAS and Ramsay Scores were significantly lower in the observation group at 5 and 30 minutes after anesthesia awakening (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05).

Compared with propofol combined with nalbuphine, remimazolam combined with nalbuphine offered superior efficacy and safety for painless gastroscopy anesthesia in alcoholic patients.

To evaluate the effectiveness of clinical pharmacist intervention in standardizing the use of antiemetic drugs in tumor treatment by investigating the use of antiemetic drugs in inpatient medical records at a hospital.

Clinical pharmacists reviewed and analyzed the use of antiemetic drugs in the archived medical records of hospitalized patients who received intravenous antitumor treatment from January to April 2023. Following communication with physicians, intervention measures were implemented. The standardization rate and specific usage of antiemetic drugs were assessed at three months and six months post-intervention.

Before intervention, the standardization rate of antiemetic drugs at the hospital was 37.63%. The main issues contributing to non-standard use included inappropriate selection of antiemetic drugs, inappropriate drug selection, inadequate variety, insufficient treatment duration, and unreasonable upgrading of antiemetic regimens. After clinical Pharmacists' intervention, the standardized rate of antiemetic drugs was 63.53% (P<0.001) at three months post-intervention (the intervention group 1), and 86.36% (P<0.001) at six months post-intervention (the intervention group 2). Regarding specific antiemetic drugs, the usage rate of metoclopramide decreased significantly from 44.09% before intervention to 8.24% at three months and 7.95% at six months post-intervention (P<0.05). The usage of olanzapine showed a gradual increase, though the difference was not statistically significant.

Clinical pharmacists achieved significant improvements in the standardization of antiemetic drug use through targeted interventions, thereby reducing nausea and vomiting in tumor patients and achieving favorable intervention outcomes.

To analyze the management and pharmaceutical care of a patient with Strongyloides Stercoralis mixed infection with multiple pathogens, thereby providing evidence for rational clinical prescribing.

Clinical pharmacists fully participated in the clinical treatment process of a patient with strongyloides stercoralis mixed infection with multiple pathogens, referring to the relevant clinical guidelines, they recommended to combine albendazole tablets for antiparasitic treatment, and to provide pharmaceutical monitoring and medication education to patients optimize anti-infective regimens and monitor adverse reactionss and adverse reactions monitoring.

In the treatment process, clinical pharmacists utilized their expertise to assist doctors in interpreting drug sensitivity and metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) reports, and carried out effective antiparasitic and anti-infection treatment. Suspected adverse drug reactions were treated in time, and the patient had a good prognosis.

Clinical pharmacists provide personalized pharmaceutical services for patients with mixed infections of multiple pathogens, and ensure the effectiveness and safety of medication.

Through the analysis of a case of flagellate dermatitis caused by the use of bleomycin, to summarize and analyze the related skin toxicity of bleomycin, so as to provide reference for clinical rational drug use.

The treatment course of the patient was followed up, and the relevant literatures about flagellate dermatitis caused by bleomycin were searched and statistically analyzed by China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, VIP, Google Scholar, Web of Science and PubMed.

The occurrence time of flagellate dermatitis caused by bleomycin in this case was 10 days after the first chemotherapy. Following admission, his condition showed gradual improvement following treatment with topical halomethasone ointment and freeze-dried human immunoglobulin for intravenous injection. A total of 52 articles on flagellate dermatitis caused by bleomycin were searched through the literature, including 25 males (47.2%) and 28 females (52.8%). The median time of occurrence was 25 days. The rash was mainly treated by local or systemic use of glucocorticoids. All patients' rashes improved.

Flagellate dermatitis is rare in clinic, but it is mostly mild to moderate. Doctors and clinical pharmacists should pay attention to the management of such adverse reactions and so as to improve the quality of life of patients.