High h-BN ceramics were prepared by an oscillatory pressure sintering technique (OPS), and the effect of oscillatory pressure on the sintering densification and grain growth of h-BN ceramics was investigated. Boron nitride ceramics were also prepared by a hot pressing sintering process (HP). The density, microstructure, fracture reliability, degree of grain orientation, mechanical and thermal properties of boron nitride ceramics at different sintering processes were analyzed. The results show that the fracture surface of OPS specimens is denser, and the grain orientation becomes clear, compared with those of HP specimens. A high proportion of parallel-arranged BN grains can effectively improve the densification of BN ceramics. The maximum hardness, fracture toughness and flexural strength of OPS specimens are 0.31GPa, 1.09MPa·m^1/2 and 74.4MPa, respectively, which are greatly improved, compared with HP specimens at the same sintering parameters. According to the data of grain orientation determined by X-ray diffraction patterns, the application of oscillatory pressure obviously promotes the densification and sintering of boron nitride ceramics, thus improving the fracture reliability and thermal conductivity.

Si₃N₄ ceramics were prepared via gas pressure sintering under nitrogen pressure of 1.0 MPa at 1 850℃ for 3 h with Y₂O₃ and MgSiN₂ as sintering aids. The effects of MgSiN₂/Y₂O₃ mole ratio and their total amount on the porosity, microstructure, mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of Si₃N₄ ceramics were investigated. The results show that the growth of rod-like β-Si₃N₄ grains was more sufficient and the growth of abnormal grain decreased with the increase of Y₂O₃ content at the constant total content of MgSiN₂ and Y₂O₃. Si₃N₄ ceramics with the optimal properties were prepared at a molar ratio of MgSiN₂:Y₂O₃ of 5∶2 and the total amount of sintering aids of 10.5%, having the bending strength and thermal conductivity of 510 MPa and 67.01 W·m^-1·K^-1, respectively.

Aluminium-based ceramics are widely used in aerospace, rail transit and national defense due to their advantages like light mass, high specific strength, small thermal expansion coefficient, high dimensional stability, high temperature resistance, remarkable fatigue resistance and excellent wear resistant. In this paper, SiC_p-B₄C_p(m(SiC_p)∶m(B₄C_p)=1∶1) reinforced Al matrix (i.e., (SiC_p-B₄C_p)/Al) composites were prepared by a selective laser melting (SLM) method with SiC and B₄C as reinforcing phases and pure Al powder as a matrix material under certain conditions (i.e., powder layer thickness and hatch distance of 0.05 mm, scanning speed of 300 mm/s and laser power of 350 W). The effect of SiC_p-B₄C_p content on the microstructure, porosity, microhardness, friction and wear properties and flexural strength of (SiC_p-B₄C_p)/Al composites were investigated. The results show that the (SiC_p-B₄C_p)/Al composites reinforced with 10% SiC_p-B₄C_p exhibit the minimum apparent porosity (i.e., 4.5%) and flexural strength (i.e., 177 MPa), and the composites reinforced with 20% SiC_p-B₄C_p have the maximum hardness, lowest friction coefficient and wear rate (i.e., 172.6 HV_0.1, 0.4 and 3.4×10^-5 mm³N^-1m^-1).

An efficient and eco-friendly oil-water separation strategy is urgently needed to solve the problem of oily sewage due to the frequent occurrence of oil leakage accidents. Diatomite porous ceramics were firstly prepared by a foaming-gelcasting method, and then superhydrophilic-oleophobic diatomite porous ceramics were prepared by a simple vacuum impregnation method with the diatomite porous ceramics as a matrix and fluorine-containing polymer (Capstone FS-50) as a modifier. The effect of sintering temperature on the phase composition, microscopic morphology and physical properties of porous diatomite ceramics was investigated and the influence of CS-50 concentration on the oil contact angle and chemical stability of the surface of modified diatomite porous ceramics was also analyzed. The mesopore structure of disk-like diatomite becomes more and more blocked, the porosity of the porous samples decreases from 84.3% to 81.6% and the compressive strength increases from 0.93 MPa to 2.01 MPa as the sintering temperature increases from 1 100 to 1 200℃. The oil contact angle of the prepared modified diatomite porous ceramics firstly increases and then becomes stable with increasing Capstone FS-50 concentration. At the concentration of Capstone FS-50 of 5%, the oil contact angle of the porous ceramic is high up to 138°, and whose water contact angle is about 0°. In addition, the modified diatomite porous ceramics still maintain hydrophilic and oleophobic after soaking in acid, alkali and salt solutions, thus exhibiting superior chemical corrosion resistance.

Porous mullite lightweight materials were prepared by a microemulsion template method and subsequent sintering with fly ash and calcined bauxite as raw materials, Isobam 104 as a dispersant, carboxymethyl cellulose as a suspending agent, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) as a surfactant, isooctane as an oil phase, ethylene glycol glycidyl ether as a binder and tetraethylenepentamine as a curing agent. The influences of fly ash content and Tween 80 content on the phase composition, linear shrinkage, bulk density, porosity, microstructure and mechanical properties of porous mullite lightweight materials were investigated. The results show that the linear shrinkage rate, bulk density and mechanical strength of porous materials prepared with 55% fly ash decrease, but the porosity increases as the volume ratio of Tween 80 to water increases from 2∶100 to 5∶∶100. When the volume ratio of Tween 80 to water is 5∶100, the compressive strength and flexural strength of porous mullite lightweight materials with a porosity of 65.5%, a spherical pore diameter of 162 μm, and a linear shrinkage rate of only 14.5% can reach 42.5 MPa and 26.0 MPa, respectively.

ZrB₂ with different volume contents (30%, 35%, 40% and 45%) was in-situ synthesized in SiC matrix with silicon carbide (SiC), zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂), boron carbide (B₄C), water-soluble phenolic resin and carbon black as raw materials. SiC-ZrB₂ composites were prepared via pressureless sintering. The effect of ZrB₂ content on the microstructure and properties was investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and electronic universal tests. The results show that the phase composition of the composites with different ZrB₂ contents are SiC and ZrB₂ with a little of B₁₃C₂. The grain size of ZrB₂ increases, the particles interconnect, the density, mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of the composites increase when ZrB₂ content increases. At ZrB₂ content of 45%, the volume density, open porosity, relative density, flexural strength, vickers hardness and volume resistivity of the composites are 4.16 g/cm³, 0.27%, 95%, (332±17) MPa, (16±2) GPa and (2.35±0.7×10^-6)Ω·m, respectively.

Luminescent fiber with a red thermochromic pigment was prepared via wet spinning. The effects of micro-morphology, phase structure, thermal stability, mechanical property, thermochromism and pigment doping on the reflectivity and luminescent properties of the fiber were investigated. The results show that the spinning process and the addition of pigments do not change the phase structure of rare-earth element luminescent materials in the composite fiber. The fiber is basically stable below 200℃. The fiber has good mechanical properties. The doping amount of pigment is negatively correlated to the reflectivity of fiber. Under the standard light source, the fiber is red and white at 25℃ and 45℃, respectively. Under the ultraviolet-visible light source excitation, the fibers exhibit red and yellow-green color at 25℃ and 45℃ in the dark, respectively., The fiber with the pigment addition of 8% has good luminescent property and discoloration effect.

A Sr_0.95Al₂O₄∶0.02Eu²⁺, 0.03Dy³⁺ phosphor was synthesized via co-precipitation with ultrasound assistance and subsequently sintering at 1 200℃ for 3 h. The effect of ultrasonic time on the qualities of the precursors and the phosphors as well as the photoluminescent/mechanoluminescent properties of the phosphors was analyzed by laser particle size analysis, specific surface area measurement, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, plasma emission spectroscopy, and spectrophotometry, respectively. The results show that the ultrasound in co-precipitation process can improve the crystallinity of crystalline, and increase the actual doping amount of Eu²⁺/Dy³⁺ ions in the phosphors. Compared to the phosphor synthesized in the absence of ultrasound, the photoluminescent intensity and mechanoluminescent intensity excited by impacting on the sample of phosphor synthesized in the presence of ultrasound for 40 min can be increased by 45.67% and 148.73%, respectively. This is possibly due to the improved crystallinity and the increased actual doping amount of Eu²⁺/Dy³⁺ ions in the phosphor. Furthermore, the mechnoluminescent mechanism of Sr_0.95Al₂O₄∶0.02Eu²⁺, 0.03Dy³⁺ phosphor synthesized with respect to the effect of ultrasonic assistance was also discussed.

The effect of heating rate on the microstructure and electrical properties of ZnO-Bi₂O₃-Sb₂O₃-Co₂O₃-MnO₂-Cr₂O₃-SiO₂ varistors was investigated. ZnO grains grow rapidly with decreasing the heating rate from 3℃/min to 1.5℃/min, resulting in the deterioration of the uniformity of the sample structure. When the heating rate increases from 3℃/min to 10℃/min, the defect diffusion becomes weakly, hindering the formation of the double Schottky barrier. When the heating rate is 3℃/min, the maximum nonlinear coefficient of the sample is 43.4, the minimum leakage current is 1.0 μA/cm², the voltage gradient is 448 V/mm, the standard deviation is the minimum, and the stability of the sample is the optimum. The loss tangent tanδ under the action of an electric field at 200 Hz-2 MHz is less than 0.03. The optimum overall electrical performance of ZnO varistor can be obtained at a heating rate of 3℃/min. Also, the existence of the negatively charged a Bi-rich phase (i.e., Bi_3.73Sb_0.27O_6.0+x) at the grain boundary has an influence on the electrical properties of ZnO varistors.

The dielectric parameters of high-Al aluminum silicate fiberboard (HAF) at 915 MHz and 2 450 MHz and 25-1 000℃ were measured by a resonant cavity perturbation method. The power transmission coefficient of HAF was calculated based on an electromagnetic wave transmission line theory, and the transmission performance of HAF at different affecting factors was analyzed. The results show that the dielectric constant and dielectric loss factor of HAF increase at 800℃ and the both frequencies. The transmission performance of HAF is different under different polarization modes. Its transmission performance in a transverse magnetic field is better than that in a transverse electric field, and there is the Brewster angle (i.e., 50°-53°), which fully makes the microwave transmitting in transverse magnetic field. The transmission performance of HAF fluctuates with the increase of thickness, and its power transmission coefficient curve has a multiple transmission peak in the thickness range of 0-0.2 m.

C/SiC composites were prepared by the hot-pressed sintering process with SiC powder, carbon fiber and phenolic resin as raw materials. The effects of sintering pressure, sintering temperature and carbon fiber content on the ablation resistance of C/SiC composites were investigated via a designed orthogonal experiment. The phase composition, microstructure and ablation resistance of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and oxygen-acetylene ablative method. The results show that the dominant factor affecting the ablation resistance of C/SiC composites is sintering temperature, while the minor factor is carbon fiber content. Increasing the sintering temperature and hot pressing pressure can be beneficial to the densification of the sample. However, the excessive sintering temperature and sintering pressure can promote the diffusion of Si element into carbon fiber that does not favor the ablative performance. In addition, the introduction of excessive carbon fiber is not conductive to the densification of the sample, thus leading to the ablation resistance reduction. With the sintering temperature of 2 050℃, the hot pressing pressure of 20 MPa and the volume fraction of carbon fiber of 25%, the obtained samples exhibit the superior ablation resistance with a mass ablation rate of 2.0 mg/s.

Pr_1.8Ba_0.2Ni_0.5Cu_0.4Co_0.1O_4+δ cathode material with Ruddlesden-Popper phase was prepared by sol-gel method, which was evaluated the reduction performance in an oxidizing atmosphere as cathode in for proton conductor solid oxide fuel cells. Crystal structure, physical properties and electrochemical was concluded that the impedances at 750℃ in air and in aqueous argon are 0.047 Ω·cm² and 1.161 Ω·cm², respectively. The formation of oxygen vacancies and proton defects in the structure facilitates the conduction of ions and protons, and the oxygen reduction capacity was improved compared with the materials without cobalt doping.

Scratch tests were conducted on 6H-SiC single crystal wafers at different speeds and crystal orientations by a micron-/nano-sacle mechanical test system to analyze the friction coefficient, scratch depth of cut and surface three-dimensional morphology of the scratches. The results show that when the static load is 4 N or 6 N and the scratch speed is 0.2-1.6 mm/min, the scratch friction coefficient, scratch cutting depth and scratch width increase with the increases of load and scratch speed, and the plastic deformation area of SiC single crystal sheet increases and the surface becomes rougher. The friction coefficient is lower for low-speed scratching, thus reducing the wear rate of diamond head to some degree. The accumulation and pit degree of scratch materials at different crystal orientations are different. When the scratch crystal orientations are and , the friction coefficient, peak height and valley depth of scratch morphology are smaller, while the scratches along the and crystal orientations are larger. The former is easier to realize plastic removal than the latter.

ZSM-5 zeolite was synthesized by a seed-induced strategy in a template-free gel synthesis system of high concentrations. The effects of seed size and seed amount on the morphology of the products were investigated, and the amplification synthesis was also conducted. The results show that the monodispersed and uniform ZSM-5 zeolite with a hexagonal plate morphology can be obtained via seed-induced synthesis. The size of seeds has an effect on the size of the induced ZSM-5 zeolite crystals. The smaller seeds can induce the formation of smaller ZSM-5 zeolite crystals. Meanwhile, little differences appear in the size distribution and pore structure of synthesized zeolites. The size of the synthesized ZSM-5 zeolite product decreases with the increase of seed amount, thus obtaining different sizes of ZSM-5 crystals from micron-scale to submicron-scale. The product preparation can be scaled up to 20 times and the product prepared in a larger scale preparation has good crystallinity and thermal stability. The yield of zeolite product can reach over 90%.

The ZSM-22 zeolite was synthesized by like solid-phase method with solid silicon as a silicon source. The effects of silicon source type, seed, alkali/silica ratio, crystallization temperature/time and stirring rotational speed in the crystallization on the synthesis performance were investigated. The result indicate that the ZSM-22 zeolite with a high crystallinity can be prepared under the optimum conditions (i.e., n(KOH)∶n(Al₂O₃)∶n(SiO₂)∶n(H₂O)∶n(DAH)∶n(seed) of (0.150-0.180)∶0.012 5.000∶1.000∶(5.100-7.900)∶0.300∶0.068, crystallization temperature of 443 K, crystallization time of 16 h and stirring rotational speed of 20 r/min). Compared to the conventional hydrothermal method, the like-solid-phase method can reduce the crystallization time and increase the solid content of feeds and product yield. The zeolites synthesized by hydrothermal and like-solid-phase method were characterized by X-ray diffraction, specific surface area measurement, pyrolysis infrared spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy, respectively, showing that they have differences in the acidity distribution and pore structure.

The interface chemical bond, potential fiber de-bonding fracture, potential fiber slip fracture and slip hardening interface characteristics were concerned based on the micron-scale pull-out characteristics of single staple fiber from the hardened matrix. The crack bridging stress-crack (σ_B-δ)opening relationship based on high ductility cementitious composite (HDCC) design theory was analyzed, and the (σ_B-δ)relation model of HDCC was proposed. In addition, the established model was verified by the experimental test data, indicating that the properties (i.e., tensile strength and average crack opening after failure) of HDCC predicted by the model are in reasonable agreement with the experimental results.

Chalcogenide glass possesses significant potentials for applications in photonic devices due to its high refractive index, wide infrared transparency window, low nonlinear loss, and fast nonlinear response. With the development of nanofabrication technology in recent years, novel micro/nano photonic devices based on chalcogenide glass have been widely used in the fields of telecommunication, security, medical and environmental applications. In this review, recent work on the preparation technologies of chalcogenide glass thin films, micro-/nano-device fabrication methods, the application and future prospects of chalcogenide glass optical devices was represented, respectively, based on the physical and optical properties of chalcogenide glasses.

This review represented some topics for molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, i.e., the initial conditions, algorithms, empirical potentials, and thermodynamic ensembles, and their application in simulation of glass materials. The methodologies of structural analysis and property calculation of glass materials were summarized. Recent development on the MD simulations of glasses, such as the structure model of oxyfluoride glass, the design of glass ceramics with target crystal phase, the prediction of compositional-dependent crystallization phase evolution and crystalline phase transformation via simulation of phase separation, optimization of the luminescent performance of glass ceramics, and improvement of the mechanical strength of aluminosilicates glass were represented. In addition, three future research directions were also prospected, i.e., the parameters of the simulation system to improve the accuracy of the results, the potential function with the help of first-principles molecular dynamics, and the practicability of the simulation with combining other methods.

According to MgO-A1₂O₃-SiO₂ ternary system phase diagram, 22 kinds of compositions were designed by using triangular rule, and cordierite was synthesized by melting sintering method. The crystal evolution and phase transition of cordierite glass-ceramics was studied by means of differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. The apparent porosity and thermal expansion properties were tested. The results show that there are two kinds of exothermic peaks in the differential thermal curve with the change of composition. Near the theoretical composition, a double crystallization exothermic peak occurs, and MgAl₂Si₃O₁₀ and α-cordierite crystal phase is precipitated. The thermal expansion coefficient of cordierite under the theoretical composition is the lowest, which is 1.27×10^-6/℃. However, when the MgO content in the composition increases to more than 16.6%, the exothermic peak of crystallization is unimodal, and only α-cordierite crystal phase is precipitated under the single peak. At this time, the apparent porosity of cordierite sample is on the decrease significantly, with a minimum value of 0.32%.

This paper summarized advanced one-dimensional and two-dimensional solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance techniques for the analysis of rare-earth element doped oxyfluoride glass and glass ceramics. This paper also represented the application of solid-state NMR technology in the analysis of the short-range coordination structure of rare-earth element ions, the distribution of rare-earth element ions in glass and crystal phases, the coordination structure of F ions, the agglomeration of F ions and the atomic scale structure of glass networks as well.

Joule heated ceramic melter (JHCM) in vitrifying high-level liquid waste (HLW) has attracted recent attention due to the unrestricted melter size, high glass production yield, and good compatibility with noble metals. The existing JHCM still prevails in the HLW vitrification. This paper reviewed recent research progress on the key technology of JHCM according to the engineering application of JHCM in US, Russia, Germany and Japan. In order to enhance the volume reduction ratio and reduce the cost, the future development of JHCM should focus on designing the melters with a high glass pool temperature, a high glass yield, and a good compatibility with noble metals based on the critical materials (i.e., refractory and alloy) and HLW compositions.

Three kinds of mullite-SiC materials were prepared with homogenized bauxite aggregate, porous mullite aggregate and glass ceramic coated porous mullite aggregate, respectively. The physical properties of the mullite-SiC materials sintered at 1 500℃ were investigated. The structure and properties of the materials after alkali vapor attack at 1 000℃ were analyzed. The influence of glass ceramic coating on the alkali vapor attack resistance of material was revealed by thermodynamics analysis. The results show that the strength of the lightweight mullite-SiC material is similar to that of the conventional mullite-SiC materials. However, the lightweight mullite-SiC material has a poor alkali vapor attack resistance. A liquid phase formed in glass ceramic coating at a high temperature promotes sintering, leading to a stronger bonding between aggregates and matrix and an increase in the strength for coated lightweight mullite-SiC materials. Moreover, the glass ceramic coating can absorb a part of K vapor and generate a liquid phase, thus protecting the porous aggregate from alkali vapor. The alkali vapor attack resistance of the lightweight mullite-SiC material is better than that of the conventional mullite-silicon carbide material.

In order to improve the thermal shock resistance of magnesia aggregates, MgO-ZrO₂ refractory aggregates were prepared at 1 600℃ via adding 5% (in mass fraction), 10%, 15% and 20% of m-ZrO₂ powder into light burned magnesia powder. The effect of ZrO₂ content on the sintering behavior, microstructure, mechanical properties, thermal properties and thermal shock resistance was investigated. The results show that ZrO₂ is mainly distributed at the grain boundary of periclase, which can inhibit the abnormal growth of periclase grains and promote the discharge of pores. Some m-ZrO₂ interacts with MgO to form c-ZrO₂ solid solution, thus activating the periclase lattice and promoting the sintering and densification of specimens. However, more than 10% ZrO₂ addition can lead to the more micron-cracks formation at the grain boundary of MgO, which can slightly reduce the density of the specimens. For a specimen with ZrO₂, the strength of the specimen reduces slightly and the main crack propagation mode becomes intergranular fracture due to the weakened intergranular bonding of periclase. Also, crack deflection and branching effect occurs after adding ZrO₂, leading to an improvement of the fracture toughness K_IC, and the specimen with 20% ZrO₂ addition has the optimum K_IC due to its smallest MgO grain and the longest crack propagation path. In addition, although the addition of ZrO₂ results in a decreasing thermal conductivity λ, the K_IC of the specimen increases and the coefficient of thermal expansion α decreases, the thermal shock resistance of the specimen improves. The specimen with 5% ZrO₂ addition has an optimum thermal shock resistance due to its maximum residual flexural strength and residual flexural strength retention rate.

The phase transformation, structure evolution and reaction mechanism of Al₄O₄C in high-temperature nitrogen were investigated. The experimental results indicate that Al₄O₄C reacts with nitrogen at > 7 00℃, and the nitridation reaction is composed of several cyclic processes, i.e., surface reaction, internal diffusion and mass transfer reaction. In the initial stage, nitridation reaction occurs on the surface to form a composite reaction layer of AlN, Al₂O₃, and C, which inhibits the diffusion of nitrogen. The nitridation reaction rate increases and the volume expansion effect associated with the formation of a large amount of AlN causes Al₄O₄C reaction layer to crack when the temperature increases. The loose and porous surface structure from the staggered growth of Al₂O₃ and AlN as gas diffusion channels can accelerate nitrogen diffusion and reaction. When the nitridation temperature is 1 600℃, the intermediate products of Al₂O₃, C, and N₂ undergo a carbon-thermal reduction and nitridation reaction, accompanied with massive gas phase generation. The more sufficient the AlN particles develop, the more complete the crystal grain morphology will be.

A strontium zirconate oxide refractory was prepared by a solid-state reaction method at a mole ratio n(SrO): n(ZrO₂) of 2∶1 and 1 400℃, and Ti₂Ni alloys were melted in a crucible at 1 750℃. The phase composition and microstructure of the refractory as well as the key features of Ti₂Ni alloy melt interacted with the refractory crucible were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy (OM). The results reveal that the crucible refractory is consisted with the phases of Sr₂ZrO₄, Sr₃Zr₂O₇ and SrO, respectively. The thermodynamically stable phase Sr₂ZrO₄ is unable to obtain separately due to the limitation of the reaction between SrCO₃ and ZrO₂, causing the residues of Sr₃Zr₂O₇ and SrO. The thickness of interaction layer for the strontium zirconate oxide and barium zirconate crucible are 1 250 μm and 2 120 μm, respectively. The oxygen concentrations of the alloy after melting in strontium zirconate oxide and barium zirconate crucible are 0.332% and 0.566% (in mass fraction), respectively. It is indicated that the strontium zirconate oxide refractory exhibits a superior stability, compared to the barium zirconate refractory.

Co:MgAl₂O₄ nanopowders were synthesized via reverse-strike co-precipitation, and highly transparent Co:MgAl₂O₄ ceramics were fabricated via vacuum sintering and HIP post-treatment. The influence of the amount of ammonium carbonate addition on the properties of the as-synthesized precursor, nanopowders and ceramics were investigated. The result shows that the volume of ammonium carbonate has an impact on the dispersity of Co:MgAl₂O₄ nanopowders and the optical quality of ceramics. The agglomeration of Co:MgAl₂O₄ nanopowders is affected due to the final pH value, and the nanopowders obtained at 0.5 L ammonium carbonate appear less agglomeration. The optimum optical quality of final Co:MgAl₂O₄ transparent ceramics with 0.5 L ammonium carbonate can be obtained, having a high in-line transmittance of 84.4% at 400 nm and 86.9% at 1 100 nm, as well as the average grain size of 21.3 μm.

Si₃N₄-SiC_w composites were prepared via a sinter-hot isostatic pressing (sinter-HIP) process with Yb₂O₃-Al₂O₃ as sintering additives. The effect of titania (TiO₂) addition on the densification and mechanical properties of Si₃N₄-SiC_w composites was investigated. The results show that the addition of titania enhances the densification of Si₃N₄-SiC_w composites. The flexural strength, fracture toughness and Vickers hardness of Si₃N₄-8%SiC_w composites firstly increase and then decrease with increasing titania content. Si₃N₄-8%SiC_w composites containing 3% TiO₂ have a near-theoretical density and optimal mechanical properties (i.e., the relative density of (99.5±0.1)%, the flexural strength of (1 301±87) MPa, the fracture toughness of (7.8±0.1) MPa·m^1/2, and the Vickers hardness of (16.2±0.1) GPa). The formation of SiO₂ and TiN based on the in-situ reaction between TiO₂ with Si₃N₄ contributes to the improvement of the interfacial strength of bonding between SiC whisker and Si₃N₄ matrix as well as the mechanical behaviors of the composites.

Effect of friction-induced surface damage on the dissolution behavior of borosilicate glass was investigated by optical microscopy, reciprocating ball-on-flat tribometry, and optical profilometry. The results show that the corrosion behaviors of borosilicate glass are sensitive to the type of friction-induced subsurface damage. An enhanced dissolution rate at the wear track appears when forming the subsurface densification of glass and disappears as thermally annealing the wear track at (0.9×T_g) K for 2 h. In contrast, an enhanced dissolution volume at the wear track still occurs when forming the subsurface cracking of glass under given tribological conditions and does not disappear after thermally annealing the wear track at (0.9×T_g) K for 2 h, but disappears only when thermally annealing at a higher temperature for a longer duration.

Ultra-thin electronic glass becomes popular due to the rapid development of electronic information technology, and electronic glass tends to be large, thin and flexible. The development of comprehensive energy supply and energy regulation method for the large tonnage electronic glass furnace to ensure the melting quality of electronic glass is a premise of realizing the large-scale and stable production of high-quality electronic glass. In this paper, the operating state of electronic glass furnace with different electric power ratios was analyzed via numerical simulation. The influence of electric energy ratio on the glass melting quality, heat transfer efficiency and working environment of electrode was investigated. The results show that energy transferred from combustion space is obviously reduced at an electric energy ratio of 67.7%, and it is more difficult to gain the high-temperature glass at the surface of glass tank. Moreover, the maximum electric current density of electrodes is the serviceability limit of electrode materials in a total electric power range of 1 300-1 400 kW, greatly accelerating the electrode erosion. The better glass melting quality is obtained when an electric energy supply ratio is 57.89%. Moreover, the efficient and stable operation of electronic glass furnace during service period was obtained.