The industry is the pillar industry of national economy. In the process of industrial production, its virtual simulation is carried out with the computer simulation technology, the running conditions of production line could be simulated by the simulation technology so that the rhythm of production and technological process are optimized as well as production efficiency and capacity are improved; the layout of production line, process arrangement and equipment configuration are optimized to improve production efficiency, reduce production costs and waste of resources. In the paper, the solutions for intelligent production line of rare earth oxides are designed with the computer virtual simulation technology by taking the intelligent manufacturing project for production line of rare earth products as example. It plays role in optimizing the technological process of intelligent manufacturing and layout of production line of rare earth oxides products. Moreover, the real scenarios of industrial production and virtual reality simulation are deeply integrated with the simulation technology so that customers could truly feel and understand the intelligent manufacturing process of production line of rare earth oxides.

In order to reduce the content of gangue minerals in iron concentrate, improve the grade of iron concentrate as well as reduce the consumptions of reagents and steam in the flotation process flow of iron, the magnetic separation with elutriation is added in the original process of Baoshan Mining Co. and the operation of a set of flotation system is reduced. The process of elutriation-flotation shows the good function of improving grade of iron as well as reducing contents of silicon, potassium and sodium. The grade of iron of iron concentrate reaches 67.07%, content of SiO₂ is 1.98%, content of K₂O and Na₂O is 0.172%, total operating productivity is 79.60% and recovery rate is 93.27%.

In the paper, the production practices on increasing production and reducing fuel ratio for 7^# blast furnace of Baotou Steel are summarized. In September 2022, the average daily output reached 9 370.7 t/d, utilization coefficient of effective volume for blast furnace was 2.258 t/m³·d and fuel ratio was reduced to 548 kg/t through taking a series of effective measures such as strengthening the management of crude fuel, increasing wind-warm syndrome, furnace top pressure, oxygen enrichment rate, batch weight of ore and coke ratio of ore into furnace as well as optimizing the charging system, reducing the amount of central coke and improving gas utilization rate.

The stability of moisture of mixture is directly related to the granulation effect of sintering and heat transfer rate in sintering process so that the quality index of sinter is affected. It is found out that the main factors influencing stability of moisture of mixture include the moisture of iron charge, blending process as well as addition of fly ash and cold return fine through the comprehensive analysis on moisture of each crude fuel for 500 m² sintering machine of Baotou Steel and factors influencing moisture of mixture. The stability of moisture of mixture is obviously improved and black pipes at sintering machine tail are reduced through producing process monitor and control of moisture of each iron charge, adjusting and optimizing production technologies as well as formulating corresponding measures such as production and operation methods and technical improvement of equipment so that such indexes as the qualified rate of alkalinity for finished sinter, stability of FeO, qualified rates of drum strength and average particle size are with year-on-year increase.

In this paper, the effects of rare earth on the quality, metallurgical performances and mineral composition of sinter are systematically studied with sinter cup as well as the occurrence states of rare earth in different minerals of sinter are analyzed with scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum. The results showed that the sinter product ratio, utilization coefficient and drum strength tended to be increased first and then decreased, reducibility and low-temperature reduction degradation index of sinter tended to be improved first and then deteriorated, melting range was widened as well as the amount of formation for calcium ferrite in the mineral composition of sinter tended to be decreased with the proportion of rare earth increased. During the sintering process, the rare earth is into hematite, calcium ferrite and glass phase as well as it exists as columnar rare earth mineral in glass phase.

In order to expand the coal resources for coal injection of Baotou Steel and reduce the fuel cost of blast furnace injection, the laboratory study on applying hydrogenated semi-coke with destructive distillation in blast furnace injection is carried out by Baotou Steel. The results showed that the hydrogenated semi-coke with destructive distillation was high quality fuel of blast furnace injection with such characteristics as low moisture, volatiles and sulfur content as well as high fixed carbon, however, its bulk density was much smaller than that of mixed pulverized coal as well as its combustion rate was better than that of existing mixed pulverized coal and without explosiveness so that its combustion and safety performances could meet the safety requirements of blast furnace injection.

The effects of number of bottom gas supply component and bottom-blown gas intensity on mixing time of molten pool are studied through the water model test of bottom blowing system for 150 t converter in Steel-making Plant. The mixing time of 6 bottom gas supply components is the shortest with the same bottom-blown gas intensity; the higher the bottom-blown gas intensity, the shorter the mixing time with the same number of bottom gas supply component. The mode of bottom-blown gas supply in the processes of smelting different steel grades with 150 t converter is optimized combining with the results of water model test. As a result, the dephosphorization rate at smelting end-point could reach 92.3% and total iron content of slags at end-point of whole campaign could reach 17.3%, which could provide the technical guidance for improving the economic and technical norms of production.

In the external refining process, the elements of oxygen and sulfur are enriched in slag. In the process of smelting rare earth steel, the yield of rare earth is influenced. The reason is that the rare earth element Ce added with alloy reacts with the elements of O and S in slag to form compound so that a lot of rare earth elements remain in slag as well as just a small amount of them are into the link of pouring with liquid steel because of the active chemical property of rare earth elements. In the paper, the relation between refining slag amount and yield of rare earth element Ce is discussed through contrast test and analyzing the existence forms of rare earth element in refining slag. The results showed that the rare earth Ce in refining slag existed in the compound forms of oxides, sulfides and oxysulfides as well as the amount of refining slag affected the yield of rare earth Ce, which could provide the theoretical basis for improving it in industrial production process.

The effects of structure of retaining wall and dam on the flow condition of liquid steel in tundish are studied based on the physical model with geometric similarity ratio of 1∶4 established according to the similarity principle by taking the six-strand continuous casting tundish of bloom of Baotou Steel as the object of study. The results showed that the average retention time of liquid steel was increased by 5.51% and proportion of dead band was reduced by 20.73% by comparing the structures with and without retaining wall and dam. The flow condition of liquid steel in tundish could be effectively controlled, peak time and average retention time of each strand for tundish are increased as well as volume of dead band for the whole tundish is reduced so as to be beneficial to fully mixing liquid steel in tundish as well as aggregation and floating of inclusions.

In the article, a type of FeMnAlC series of low density steel is designed. Its tensile strengths of rolling direction (RD) and transverse direction (TD) are both greater than 1 300 MPa as well as it is with higher elongation. On the basis of ensuring stable high strength and toughness of the material, the corrosion behaviors of FeMnAlC series of low density steel in the simulated naval air environment with high temperature, humidity and salt spray are studied through the indoor accelerated test with alternation of wetting and drying as well as the tests with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to provide the references for evaluating corrosion resistance of the new generation of high strength low density steel.

The hot-rolled coil with X52MS pipeline steel for acid service by industrial production is chosen as the research object as well as its material performances are analyzed from microstructure and chemical components. Its resistance to hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) behavior in H₂S solution is mainly studied, the effects of microstructure and microregion components on the resistance to HIC are investigated by HIC test as well as the main causes for crack generation are analyzed so that its regularities are found out. It is summarized that banded structure is the main cause for failure of resistance to HIC for this material, carbon segregation and central aggregation of inclusion of carbohydrates and nitrogenous compounds would worsen the effects of banded structure on the HIC performance; the thought of low carbon component design is the premise of designing pipeline steel for acid service as well as reasonable control of nitrogen content is also one of the considerations in production of pipeline steel for acid service.

In this paper, the mechanical properties and metallographic structure of the joint with different welding technologies are compared and analyzed with the theoretical calculations of crack sensitivity index and preheating temperature as well as the methods of inclined Y-groove welding crack sensitivity test combining with operative weldability test of steel plate. Moreover, the JM-100 welding wire and 80%Ar+20%CO₂ argon-rich gas are determined to be adopted for welding the Q550D steel plate with thickness of 20 mm. The crack sensitivity index is 0.28, minimum preheating temperature is 13 ℃ and preheating treatment is not needed during welding. The welding heat input is controlled at 9.0~24.8 kJ/cm, temperature between weld passes is controlled below 200 ℃, mechanical properties of joint reach the best and there are no coarse and abnormal structures in weld seam and heat affected zone.

In this paper, the optimization plan of chemical composition, hot rolling and annealing processes is formulated through analyzing the influences of stress concentration, inclusions, chemical composition, mechanical properties and metallographic structure on fatigue strength with the metallographic microscope and field emission scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the tensile strength of material could be improved by 11~45 MPa by increasing the contents of carbon and manganese in chemical composition, reducing the content of harmful element sulfur as well as matching hot rolling and annealing processes so that the pearlite in metallographic structure was granular and with dispersed distribution. After made into the guide rail, its push-pull effort, service life and functions are tested as well as it is determined to be qualified according to the standard requirements.

In the paper, it is studied the effects of alloy elements on microstructure, mechanical properties and resistance to scute burst of high strength enamel steel for inside liner of water heater as well as analyzed the mechanism of action of hot rolling process such as finish rolling temperature, coiling temperature and continuous annealing process of cold rolling on microstructure and mechanical properties. The trial production results showed that the yield strength was 245~272 MPa, tensile strength was 362~386 MPa and elongation was 39.0%~41.0% for the cold rolled high strength enamel steel, which could meet the production requirements of inside liner of water heater. Its microstructure is mainly composed of ferrite and pearlite as well as a little MnS and TiN particles were with dispersed distribution. It is further verified that the developed high strength enamel steel is with good resistance to scute burst through the sensitivity test of anti scute burst and test of end user.

The independent research and development has been carried out by Baotou Steel according to the technical requirements of steel for protective base plate of special vehicle for users. Its reasonable chemical compositions, rolling and quenching and tempering processes are designed as well as the microstructure is determined and mechanical properties are analyzed. The results showed that its mechanical properties were excellent, yield strength was 730~770 MPa, tensile strength was 826~860 MPa, elongation after fracture was 18.0%~20.0% and low temperature impact absorbing energy at -40 ℃ was 203~256 J, which could meet the technical requirements of users.

In this article, the current status of processes and equipment for smelting and rolling heavy rail steel in domestic manufacturing enterprises of heavy rail is mainly introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of different steel-making processes are analyzed through comparing the technical indicators achieved by different control modes of different smelting processes, pretreatment of hot metal, smelting with oxygen top-blown converter, refining with ladle furnace (LF), vacuum degassing and continuous bloom casting; the effects of different processes on product quality and the product range that can be rolled are analyzed through comparing the process characteristics of different layout forms of rolling modes such as continuous rolling modes of universal three stands, universal three stands 2+1, universal five stands 2+2+1 and universal four stands 3+1 so that the advantages and disadvantages of different rolling processes are elaborated. In addition, the straightening machine and detection equipment of heavy rail are briefly introduced.

In the paper, it is introduced the organizational structure of remote centralized control system for air-compress station in Power Supply General Plant of Baotou Steel and applications of intelligent control system for power pipe network. A type of automatic control system suitable for remote control of air compressor is developed through exploring the processing properties of air compressor. Its applications in the performance control, anti-surge control and loop decoupling control of air compressor could make air compressor stabler and safer in remote operation.

In the field of space launch, the filling system of liquid oxygen relates to whether launch mission is successful or not, so the measurement of flow velocity for liquid oxygen is crucial. The vortex flow meter is often used as its measuring instrument due to its advantages such as stable performances and wide ranges. It is found that the vortex street coefficients of vortex flow meter show different characteristics at low and high flow velocities through experimental simulation so that the precision of vortex flow meter is poor at low flow velocities. In order to explore the change characteristics of vortex street coefficient for vortex flow meter at low and high flow velocities, the simulation experiment of vortex street flow field with flow velocity of 1.0~10.5 m/s at inlet is carried out as well as the relational graph of vortex street frequency and inlet velocity is obtained. Moreover, the fitting curve of vortex street frequency and vortex street coefficient is obtained through fitting curve. Finally, it is found that the fluid flow velocity obtained by curve fitting is more accurate through calculating flow velocity with the obtained vortex street coefficient curve and average coefficient.

The metering data of energy is the basis for quantitative management of enterprise energy and realizing cost accounting as well as the important guarantee for establishing scientific and effective energy management system. The prediction model of priority and state for weighing apparatus is established as well as the optimal strategy of metering equipment is formulated through the technical researches of hot metal balance and early warning of equipment as well as analyzing the process flow related to hot metal balance between iron-making and steel-making processes. Moreover, the system based on visual data is designed for intelligent identification and judgment of relevant data of equipment, realizing automatic adjustment of metering device priority, early warning of anomaly, improving accuracy of metering data as well as eliminating metering objections scientifically and effectively so as to provide technical supports for hot metal balance between iron-making and steel-making processes, reduce the costs of per ton of steel, improve product quality and benefits as well as help the fine management of each factory and mine.

During the operation of generator set in a plant, there is the problem that the current of exciting carbon brush for generator is unbalanced as well as the current and temperature of carbon brush are high. The factors for unbalance of current for carbon brush are such as the low quality of carbon brush itself, mixed application of multiple-model carbon brushes and increase of contact resistance during operation of carbon brush through analysis. As a result, such improvement measures as replacing high-quality carbon brush with the same model and batch, adjusting spring pressure of brush holder for carbon brush as well as strictly implementing assembly process of carbon brush. Moreover, the corresponding preventive measures are put forward. After the improvement, the problem of unbalance of current for exciting carbon brush of generator is obviously improved.

The iron ore samples are decomposed with the hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid. After the perchloric acid smokes and silicon is eliminated, it is then extracted by butyl acetate solution of 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4- benzophthalide-5(PMBP). The interference elements of thorium are eliminated by the reextraction with hydrochloric acid, arsenazo III is as color developing agent and forms purple-red chelate with thorium ion as well as the thorium content in iron ore is determined with spectrophotometer. In the paper, the selection of acidity for extraction and reextraction, effects of such factors as acidity of chromogenic reaction, amount of color developing agent and color developing time on determination are discussed as well as experimental parameters are optimized. At the maximum absorption wavelength of 660 nm, the linearity range of thorium is determined to be 0~1.0 μg/mL, correlation coefficient is not less than 0.999 and detection limit is 0.000 44 μg/mL. This method is easy and simple to operate, molar absorption coefficient of the complex formed by arsenazo III and thorium is up to 0.8×10⁵ L/(mol·cm), which is with higher sensitivity. The adding standard recovery of thorium in the analysis results of samples is 96.8%~105.8%, so the method is with good precision and accuracy.