Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B

Rifamycin O as a novel CRBN ligand for targeted degradation of IKZF1/3 proteins in hematopoietic malignancies

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. 2026, 16(1): 647-650.

An integrated resource for ischemic heart disease defines hallmarks and heterogeneity across time and space

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. 2026, 16(1): 642-646.

Commentary on "Neg-entropy is the true drug target for chronic diseases"

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. 2026, 16(1): 656-657.

Therapeutic drug monitoring of biologics in inflammatory bowel disease: An evidence-based multidisciplinary guideline

Chen Shi, Hong Zhou, Liangru Zhu, Liyan Miao, Hong Yang, Kaichun Wu, Bikui Zhang, Jinhan He, Mengli Chen, Qian Cao, Jie Liang, Ren Mao, Xiao Chen, Rongsheng Zhao, Bo Zhang, Houwen Lin, Jingwen Wang, Xiaoyang Lu, Jun Xia, Xiaomei Yao, Rong Lin, Minhu Chen, Yu Zhang

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. 2026, 16(1): 616-641.

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has emerged as a valuable tool for optimizing the use of biologics in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, variations in focus, methodology, and recommendations among relevant guidelines and consensuses have contributed to inconsistencies in their quality. This guideline synthesizes current evidence to standardize TDM of biologics in IBD, and improve patient outcomes. This multidisciplinary guideline was developed in collaboration with pharmacy, gastroenterology, and pharmacology associations in China. The guideline development group included 9 experts in clinical pharmacy, 4 experts in TDM, 8 gastroenterologists, and 2 methodologists. A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library databases, as well as key gastroenterology-relevant guideline websites. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was utilized, and this guideline was registered on the Guideline International Network website. Internal and external reviews were conducted. We proposed 5 clinical questions under two overarching themes. Based on the current evidence and the clinical opinions of the core working group members, the initial recommendations were made. Following comprehensive internal and external review processes, 14 recommendations (1 strong and 13 weak) were finalized for the clinical questions. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence-based clinical practice guideline on TDM in patients with IBD developed using the GRADE approach. It addresses five key questions: whether TDM leads to better therapeutic outcomes than conventional treatment, what indicators should be monitored, when TDM should be initiated, what the therapeutic drug trough concentration thresholds are, and which TDM method (proactive or reactive) can better improve therapeutic outcomes.

Endogenic transferrin-targeted cell membrane-coated biomimetic lipo-complexes for efficient targeting and enhanced antitumor efficacy in orthotopic glioblastoma

Aihua Jin, Nuoya Wang, Yanhong Liu, Shuangqing Wang, Liqing Chen, Liming Gong, Wei Huang, Zhonggao Gao, Mingji Jin

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. 2026, 16(1): 574-595.

Due to the invasive growth of glioblastomas (GBM) and their resistance to conventional chemotherapy, the efficacy of GBM treatment remains limited. Biomimetic BBB-penetrating hybrid nanovehicles, engineered through homologous cell membrane fusion between cancer cells and protein corona (PC)-mediated liposomes coated with cancer cell membranes, have been explored for brain-targeted drug delivery. In this study, T₁₀ peptide-modified cell membrane-coated liposomes were used to construct an in situ transferrin (Tf) PC-mediated lipo-complex carrying a respiratory depressant agent (metformin, MET) and a photosensitizer (Chlorin, Ce6), creating a transferrin- and cancer cell-targeting delivery system (MET/Ce6@Lipo@CM@T₁₀). MET/Ce6@Lipo@CM@T₁₀ possesses a spherical core-shell structure with uniform distribution while maintaining low systemic toxicity. Upon irradiation, MET/Ce6@Lipo@CM@T₁₀ effectively inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis via photodynamic therapy (PDT). Simultaneously, the loaded MET alleviated intracellular hypoxia caused by PDT, thereby enhancing anti-tumor efficacy. The establishment of an in vitro BBB model and 3D tumor spheroid experiments confirmed that MET/Ce6@Lipo@CM@T₁₀ effectively crossed BBB and deeply accumulated within tumor tissues. As a result, in in vivo animal experiments, MET/Ce6@Lipo@CM@T₁₀ significantly inhibited tumor growth, promoted tumor necrosis and apoptosis, and demonstrated systemic safety. In conclusion, MET/Ce6@Lipo@CM@T₁₀ demonstrated enhanced PDT effects on GBM, and will provide new insights and methods for GBM treatment.

Unlocking the potential of targeted protein degradation via nanoparticle-based universal strategy

Ti-Qiang Zhou, Weilun Sun, Zhen-Zhen Wei, Yuhua Weng, Dongxu Zhao, Mengjie Zhang, Yuanyu Huang

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. 2025, 15(11): 6082-6086.

Tertiary lymphoid structures: The touchstone for tumor immunotherapy

Lisha Zhou, Shunji Liu, Yang Sun

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. 2025, 15(11): 6070-6072.

Author correction to “Structurally defined tandem-responsive nanoassemblies composed of dipeptide-based photosensitive derivatives and hypoxia-activated camptothecin prodrugs against primary and metastatic breast tumors” [Acta Pharm Sin B 12 (2022) 952–966]

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. 2025, 15(11): 6091-6092.

Electrochemical biosensors with right-side-out-oriented cell membrane coating for the evaluation of AChE inhibitors as potential anti-Alzheimer's disease agents

Ying Zhao, Xia Liu, Shuning Yang, Jiabo Wang, Dan Wu, Yusi Bu, Xiaoyu Xie

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. 2025, 15(11): 5988-6000.

Biosensors based on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) are crucial for early diagnosis, less invasive treatment, and drug evaluation of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, existing technologies often suffer from enzyme conformational changes, leading to altered activity and loss and reduced sensor efficacy. To address this challenge, we developed a novel right-side-out-oriented red blood cell membrane-coated electrochemical biosensors (ROCMCBs) to evaluate AChE inhibitors from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) as potential anti-AD agents. The developed right-side-out-oriented coating based on immunoaffinity not only fully exposed the binding sites of AChE on the cell membrane but also ensured its conformation and stability as a peripheral membrane-anchoring protein, which was conducive to maintaining its biological activity and producing optimal interaction with drugs. At the same time, the biosensors exhibited a satisfactory sensitivity (limit of detection = 0.41 pmol/L). Ultimately, six potentially active compounds against AD (baicalin, geniposide, gastrodin, berberine, rhynchophylline, and senkyunolide A) were rapidly identified and evaluated from TCMs. This project provides a promising strategy for developing cell membrane-coated electrochemical biosensors. The application of cell membrane-coated electrochemical biosensors with well-defined cell membrane orientation further expands new perspectives and methods for AChE-targeted anti-AD research.

AT-17 redefines local anesthetics by targeting mitochondrial apoptosis

Xiaoyuan Chen

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. 2025, 15(11): 6087-6088.