The content of anthraquinones in Xiaochengqi Decoction dry extract powder obtained by different drying methods and the similarity of HPLC fingerprint were compared. The properties of dry extract powder under different drying methods were investigated to provide a basis for the drying and particle preparation of Xiaochengqi Decoction dry extract powder.

The Xiaochengqi Decoction dry extract powder was prepared by freezing, pulsating vacuum, spray and vacuum drying, respectively. The contents of free anthraquinone and total anthraquinones in samples using different drying methods were determined, and the similarity of HPLC fingerprints was compared. The physical properties of the dry extract powder were determined, and its physical fingerprint was established to comprehensively evaluate its powder properties.

Compared with the content of anthraquinones in the decoction, there was no significant difference in the dry extract powder obtained by spray drying and pulse vacuum drying (P>0.05), but there was significant difference in the dry paste powder obtained by vacuum drying and freeze drying (P<0.05). The similarity of HPLC fingerprints of Xiaochengqi decoction dry extract powder under the four drying methods were all above 0.978. The physical fingerprints showed that the four drying methods had a certain effect on the powder properties of Xiaochengqi Decoction dry extract powders. The fluidity of the four powders is poor, but the spray-dried samples have good compressibility and uniformity, which can be used for dry granulation of their particles.

The spray drying method is suitable for the preparation of Xiaochengqi Decoction dry extract powder and its granules.

To evaluate the patent protection strategies of nilotinib, and to provide the reference for R&D of domestic pharmaceutical enterprises.

The patent website database Patsnap was searched, and the patent technology characteristics of nilotinib were summarized.

Novartis has successfully protected the core patents of nilotinib, but the protection is not sufficient for external patents.

Novartis's patent protection strategies associated with nilotinib are useful references for innovation drugs and generics enterprises.

To compare the short-term efficacy and safety of linaclotide with macrogol 4000 powder and Maren pills in combination with otilonium bromide in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C).

In this prospective, three-arm study, patients with IBS-C who met the criteria were enrolled in the outpatient clinic. On the basis of general treatment and health guidance, linaclotide (290 μg·d^-1) was orally administrated according to treatment preference and assigned to the treatment group; or macrogol 4000 powder (10 g·d^-1)+otilonium bromide (120 mg·d^-1), divided into the western medicine control group; or Maren pills (12 g·d^-1)+otilonium bromide (120 mg·d^-1), divided into the western and Chinese medicine control group. The efficacy endpoint was achieved in half or more of the course of treatment (≥2 weeks/4 weeks) with: at least 30% improvement in the degree of abdominal pain and at least 1 increase in complete spontaneous bowel movement (CSBM) per week compared to baseline. The general and baseline data of patients in the 3 groups were observed and compared, and changes in abdominal pain score (NRS), spontaneous bowel movement (SBM), CSBM, Bristol Stool Symptom Scale (BSFS), and IBS Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS) were recorded. To evaluate drug-related adverse effects using univariate analysis and Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors.

The number of valid cases that finally completed the study and were included in the statistical analysis was 129 (48 cases in the treatment group, 41 cases in the western medicine control group, and 40 cases in the western and Chinese medicine control group), and the three groups of patients were comparable overall. During the course of treatment, the improvement in abdominal pain, frequency of defecation, and degree of symptoms was better in the treatment group and the western and Chinese medicine control group than in the western medicine control group (both P<0.05). At the end of the 4th week, 89.58% (43/48) of the treatment group and 90% (36/40) of the western and Chinese medicine control group reached the efficacy endpoint, both of which were higher than 73.17% (30/41) of the western medicine control group (both P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that baseline abdominal pain NRS and IBS-SSS were influential factors for clinical efficacy outcome (both P<0.05). Covariate diagnostic validation followed by binary logistic regression analysis suggested linaclotide (P=0.023), baseline abdominal pain NRS (P=0.009) and baseline IBS-SSS (P=0.000) were independent influences on clinical efficacy. Related adverse effects, the main ones in the treatment group were diarrhea (16.67%), tenesmus (6.25%), and abdominal distension (4.17%), etc. Only the incidence of diarrhea was higher than that in the western and Chinese medicine control group (16.67% vs 2.5%, P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the risk of other adverse effects.

The short-term clinical efficacy and safety of linaclotide in IBS-C patients are good, and it has the characteristics and advantages of "one drug with two effects". So it's worthy of further promotion and application.

To analyze the situation and clinical characteristics of adverse drug reactions induced by brentuximab vedotin, so as to provide reference for clinical safe and rational drug use.

By searching the literature in CNKI, Wanfang, database, VIP, CBM, Embase, and PubMed, the adverse drug reaction cases after the marketing of brentuximab vedotin were collected and statistically analyzed.

A total of 24 literatures were involved and 254 patients were included. Adverse drug reactions induced by brentuximab vedotin mainly involved nervous system damage (30.13%), blood system damage (26.50%), immune dysfunction (9.62%), skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders (8.97%), systemic reaction (8.33%), with the specific performance of peripheral neuropathy, neutropenia, infections, infusion reaction, elevated transaminase levels, thrombocytopenia, rashes, and so on. Most of the patients with adverse reactions had good prognosis. Nine cases of death were reported, including interstitial lung disease (n=3), pneumonia (n=2), progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (n=2), heart failure (n=1) and acute liver injury (n=1).

The doctors and pharmacists should pay attention to the adverse drug reactions by brentuximab vedotin. The adverse drug reaction monitoring should be strengthened, with the adverse drug reactions detected and dealt in time, so as to ensure the medication safety of patients.

To identify the flavonoids in persimmon leaf (PL) extract, and to explore the mechanism of the action on ulcerative colitis (UC) from the perspective of TLR4/NLRP3 inflammatory signal pathway and intestinal flora.

HPLC was used to determine the five flavonoids in persimmon leaf extract. The animal model of UC mice was established by 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). The body weight and drinking volume of the mice were measured daily. The detection of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 in the serum of the mice were measured by Elisa kit, the changes of colon tissue were observed by HE staining, the expression levels of TLR4, IL-1β, NF-κB p65 and NLRP3 proteins in the colon tissues were determined by western blot, and the changes of intestinal flora in feces were detected by 16S rDNA amplification sequencing.

The body weight, colon length and IL-10 level in DSS group were significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.01). The disease activity index and the levels of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β in DSS group were significantly increased (P<0.01) compared with the control group. Compared with the DSS group, the body weight decreased slowly, the colon length prolonged and the disease activity index decreased in the treated group, the levels of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β significantly reduced (P<0.01) and IL-10 significantly increased (P<0.01). The expression levels of TLR4/NLRP3-related proteins significantly increased (P<0.01), the expression levels of TLR4, IL-1β, NF-κB p65 and NLRP3 proteins significantly decreased (P<0.01). The results of 16S rDNA amplification sequencing showed that Lactobacillus murinus, Lactobacillus johnsonii, Romboutsia and Akkermansia muciniphila had an increasing trend in the treated group. The pathological results showed that there were severe mucosal ulcer, crypt loss, inflammatory cell infiltration and goblet cell depletion in colon tissue of mice in DSS group and the pathological changes of colon tissue in mice were improved after administration. The HPLC method has good separation degree and high accuracy.

Persimmon leaf extract has protective effect on intestinal injury in DSS-induced UC mice. It may improve the intestinal microenvironment by inhibiting TLR4/NLRP3 inflammatory signal pathway and relieving inflammation.

To identify the bottlenecks that restrict the development of biomedical industry in Jiangsu province and to seek countermeasures for industrial development, so as to promote the development of biomedical industry and urban economy in Jiangsu, enhance innovation capability, advance talent gathering strategy to improve industrial transformation and upgrading, and achieve high-quality development.

In-depth research was conducted on the development status of biomedical industrial parks in Jiangsu province. We analyzed the influencing factors of industrial innovation performance.

The biopharmaceutical industry in Jiangsu province is rapidly emerging under the impetus of national macropolicies, and competition is becoming increasingly fierce. The comparison shows that Jiangsu province has largely invested in R&D, and the innovation output of enterprises is remarkable. However, there are some problems such as unbalanced regional development and insufficient R&D investment in some parks. Factors such as scientific and technological innovation teams, technological innovation, R&D investment, and policy incentives have important impacts on the improvement of innovation performance.

In order to attract more high-quality innovation elements, innovation performance management should be continuously improved in the future.

To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of apatinib in advanced gastric cancer with different blood supply.

The clinical data of 45 patients with advanced gastric cancer with different blood supply treated with apatinib were analyzed retrospectively. The patients with the difference of CT values between arterial phase and plain scan at the same level ≥40 HU were included in group A, ≥20 HU and <40 HU in group B, and <20 HU in group C. The therapeutic effects, serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen199 (CA199), survival and safety of the three groups were compared.

The objective remission rate and disease control rate of group A were significantly higher than those of group B and group C (P<0.05). After treatment, the CEA and CA199 of the three groups decreased significantly, and through pairwise comparison, the CEA and CA199 of the three groups ranked C, B and A from high to low. There was significant difference in PFS among the three groups (P<0.05). After pairwise comparison, the PFS of the three groups ranked A, B and C from high to low. The difference of adverse events among the three groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05).

The clinical efficacy of apatinib in rich blood supply advanced gastric cancer is better than that in lack of blood supply advanced gastric cancer. It has the same safety in rich blood supply advanced gastric cancer and lack of blood supply advanced gastric cancer.