This paper assessed the application potential of artificial intelligence（AI）and sensor technology in the dairy cattle farming industry,with a focus on analyzing the innovative applications of the Internet of Things （IoT）in long-distance livestock transportation, especially the progress in livestock identification and census. These technologies have significantly enhanced the precise traceability during transportation,particularly in monitoring the behavioral patterns of dairy cows and real-time weight changes. By applying these technologies,animal welfare has been improved,supply chain errors have been reduced,productivity has been increased,and market access has been expanded,thereby strengthening global competitiveness. However,the adoption of these technologies faces challenges such as individualized management,economic analysis,data security,privacy protection,technological adaptability,personnel training,and sustainability,and these challenges are closely related to ethical issues such as animal welfare,data abuse,and environmental impact. This study present a successful framework for technological integration and emphasized the importance of continuous learning and adaptation. The potential of AI and sensor technology in advancing the dairy cattle farming industry towards a more sustainable and efficient future is becoming increasingly evident.

In order to promote the high-quality development of the dairy industry,improve the efficiency of dairy cows farming,and assist in the carbon emission reduction of livestock industry,Based on the IPCC method,This paper calculated the carbon emissions and carbon emissions intensity of dairy cows farming in Dongying City from 2014 to 2023.The results showed that from 2014 to 2023,the overall trend of carbon emissions from dairy cows farming in Dongying City was consistent with the number of dairy cows farming,showing a fluctuating increase．However,with the improvement in milk yield per cow,the carbon emissions per unit of milk showed a downward trend,with a decrease of 46.84% over the ten years．In the process of dairy cows farming,intestinal fermentation carbon accounts for 68.85% and manure management carbon accounts for 31.15%;the carbon emitted as CH₄ accounts for 85.05% and the carbon emitted as N₂O accounts for 14.95%.This paper proposed recommendations for carbon emission reduction, including continuously strengthening the breeding of high-yielding dairy cattle varieties to improve milk production per cow; optimizing dairy cow feed formulations to enhance intestinal fermentation efficiency and reduce CH₄ emissions from enteric fermentation; and turning waste into resources by improving the utilization of livestock and poultry waste and enhancing manure management practices.

With the intensification of competition in the dairy industry and the diversification of consumer demand, dairy enterprises are facing challenges such as high raw material costs and stringent quality control, and the importance of cost refinement and control in the context of industry-finance integration has become more and more prominent. Based on the literature,this paper analyzed the existing problems of cost management in dairy enterprises and explored the strategies of cost refinement and control under the framework of industry-finance integration. The study aimed to provide dairy enterprises with ideas and paths for cost refinement and control,and help enterprises implement efficient cost control.

[Objective] To investigate the changes in milk production and composition throughout the lactation cycle of fully housed Bactrian camels in Hami City. [Method] 105 fully housed Bactrian camels were selected for the experiment.The milk production and composition from April to March of the following year were measured and analyzed. [Result] （1）Changes in milk production：After giving birth to lambs,the milk production of female camels gradually increased.The highest milk production in July reached 4.62 kg/d,and then gradually decreased.The lowest milk production in March of the following year was 2.43 kg/d.The milk production in summer（June August） was significantly higher than other seasons.（2）Milk composition analysis：The fat content of milk is 3.27%~5.77%,and it is significantly higher in autumn and winter than in spring and summer.The milk protein content ranges from 3.81% to 4.48%,and the lactose content ranges from 5.08% to 6.33%,reaching its lowest point in winter.（3）Correlation analysis of milk production and milk composition：Milk production is significantly negatively correlated with milk fat rate（P<0.05）,significantly positively correlated with lactose rate（P<0.05）,and positively correlated with fat free solids rate,milk protein rate,and ash content rate（P>0.05）.The milk fat content is significantly negatively correlated with the fat free solids,ash content,and lactose content（P<0.01）,and significantly negatively correlated with the milk protein content（P<0.05）.The non fat milk solids content is significantly positively correlated with the milk protein content,ash content,and lactose content（P<0.01）,and the milk protein content is significantly positively correlated with the ash content and lactose content（P<0.01）.The ash content is significantly positively correlated with the lactose content（P<0.01）. [Conclusion] The postpartum milk production of camels gradually increases,reaching its peak at 3~5 months,and then gradually decreases thereafter.The changes in milk composition are closely related to management,milk production,and feeding level.

This paper delved into the application of Buserelin in timed artificial insemination （TAI） protocols for dairy cattle,while also elaborating on strategies for improving conception rates and its use in treating ovarian disorders. Additionally,a comparative analysis is conducted between Buserelin and Gonadorelin,highlighting their functional differences,mechanisms of action,and respective advantages in applicable scenarios thereby revealing the unique role and value of Buserelin in dairy cattle reproduction. Through extensive and rigorous field trial data,this study evaluated the practical efficacy of Buserelin. Furthermore it explored the potential impact of this product on early pregnancy embryo loss in dairy cows,integrating other reproductive technologies to mitigate the risk of early embryonic loss and enhance reproductive efficiency and economic benefits. By providing an in-depth analysis of Buserelin’s pharmacological mechanisms and empirical research on its practical application in dairy reproduction,this paper aimed to offer scientifically sound methods and strategies for efficient breeding in the dairy industry,promoting more scientific,efficient,and sustainable development in dairy farming.

During hot summers,heat stress significantly increases the incidence of postpartum uterine infections （e.g.,metritis,endometritis and pyometra）in dairy cows. Key contributing factors include pathogen proliferation in high temperatures,delayed uterine involution,immune suppression and negative energy balance.This paper systematically analyzed the pathogenesis,diagnostic methods,and preventive measures for postpartum metritis,aiming to reduce its incidence,improve reproductive performance,and minimize economic losses.The study provided theoretical and practical guidance for managing reproductive health in dairy herds during summer.

Endometritis is a common reproductive system disease in postpartum dairy cows, with its incidence significantly increasing during high-temperature and high-humidity summer conditions, severely affecting reproductive performance and farm economic efficiency. This paper reviewed the epidemiological characteristics, pathogenic factors, diagnostic methods, and comprehensive prevention and control measures of summer endometritis. Heat stress is the primary predisposing factor, as it suppresses immune function, delays uterine involution, and promotes pathogen proliferation, thereby significantly increasing infection risks. Major pathogenic bacteria include Escherichia coli,Trueperella pyogenes,Streptococcus spp., and Staphylococcus spp. For diagnosis, combining clinical examination, laboratory testing, and ultrasonography improves accuracy. Prevention and control measures encompass environmental management （cooling, ventilation, maintaining dryness）, nutritional regulation （increasing dietary energy density, supplementing antioxidants）, postpartum care （retained placenta management, intrauterine infusion）, and scientific medication （antibiotics, hormonal therapy）. Implementing an integrated prevention strategy can effectively reduce endometritis incidence, enhance cow health, and improve farm profitability. This study aimed to provide scientific and practical management recommendations for dairy farmers to promote sustainable development in the dairy industry.

In this study,various influencing factors causing caking during the use of milk powder were sorted out,the key links of raw material selection,spray drying process,packaging technology and storage conditions were analyzed. The study focused on sanitary design,process parameter setting and optimal ratio of product ingredients,summarized the key factors affecting caking,and explored corresponding countermeasures to form a breakthrough solution. This study was of great significance for improving the caking of milk powder and improving the quality of dairy product

[Objective] By selecting the appropriate analytical chromatographic column,the pretreatment process of the sample was simplified,and the suitable ion pairs were selected for monitoring,the sensitivity and accuracy of the method were improved. [Method] The parallelism （precision）of the samples,the recovery rate of spiked samples（accuracy）,and the detection limit of the method were determined to verify the detection method. [Result] The recovery rates of methyl chlorpyrifos added to milk were 105.3%,106.9% and 108.2%,and the coefficients of variation at the three addition levels were 1.61%,3.06% and 2.52%. The recovery rate of methyl parathion added to milk powder were 100.3%,89.8% and 88.5%,and the coefficients of variation at the three addition levels were 2.14%,1.97% and 1.82%. [Conclusion] The precision and accuracy of this method met the requirements and it could be used for the determination and quality control of daily methyl chlorpyrifos residues in milk and milk powder.

[Objective] With fresh lotus root,mixed recovery milk and white sugar as raw materials,the coagulated yogurt with unique flavor was prepared by composite fermentation. [Method] The production process of lotus root yogurt was optimized based on response surface method with the addition amount of lotus root juice,white sugar,fermentation time and starter inoculated amount as single-factor variables. The preparation technology of lotus root yogurt was optimized based on the sensory score and acidity. [Result] The optimal parameters were determined by sensory score and acidity determination:：lotus root juice added 11.99%,whole milk powder added 12.50%,white sugar added 6.28%,starter inoculated 0.12%,and fermented at 42 ℃ for 6.24 h.The sensory score of lotus root yogurt was 89.80 points,and the acidity was（98.61±0.95）°T. [Conclusion] Lotus root yogurt has uniform color,less whey precipitation,soft taste,sweet and sour taste,with unique fragrance of lotus root and yogurt.