This paper is based on simulation data from the "SD-PLUS-InVEST" coupling model, a collaborative evaluation method of regional green expansion and economic growth was developed and carried out at both economic belts and provincial scales. Then, the future simulation features, potential difficulties and new quality policy of realizing the targeted coordinated development were analyzed and discussed from perspective of "economic belt-province and city". The results showed that the land use type in the Yangtze River Economic belt was dominated by forest land, and the overall carbon storage quality indicated a downward trend from 2000 to 2030. The carbon service values under the scenarios of the ecological protection, the high-quality development and the high-speed development scenario decreased by 5.88, 17.664 and 38.303 billion yuan, respectively. Based on the synergy assessment of ecological expansion benefits and economic growth benefits, the level of synergistic development under the high-quality development scenario was optimal. Spatially, there were obvious differences in the level of coordinated development to some extent. Based on the comparative analysis of the mentioned difference characteristics, the targeted policy was proposed to improve quality in the regional synergistic development of green expansion and economic growth.

The denitrifying functional bacteria community plays a crucial role in the degradation of nitrate pollution. However, the understanding of the relationships between its interspecies links and nitrate load is still limited. Groundwater resources in the vicinity of Lake Taihu serve as vital reserves, yet in some areas, nitrate load in groundwater exceeds health thresholds. This paper focused on 14 groundwater samples with varying nitrate concentrations from the Lake Taihu area. With microbial sequencing techniques, the diversity of bacterial communities in groundwater was explored, and the denitrifying functional bacteria community was identified. The response of interspecies links within the denitrifying functional bacteria community to nitrate load was investigated by co-occurrence network analysis. The results indicate: Significant differences were found in bacterial community composition between high and low nitrate samples; The α-diversity and β-diversity were highly influenced by nitrate load; Interspecies links within the denitrifying functional bacteria community in the high nitrate samples were denser than those in the low nitrate samples. This study demonstrates that nitrate load in groundwater significantly influences the interspecies links within the denitrifying functional bacteria community, providing new insights into the interplay between groundwater denitrifying functional bacteria community and nitrate load in the Lake Taihu area.

Based on the unique hydrodynamic and environmental conditions of stormwater artificial recharge, a series of one-dimensional seepage simulation experiments were conducted. The migration and deposition characteristics of clogging microorganisms within porous media under varying seepage conditions, such as different saturation levels, pH environments, ionic strengths, and recharge rates were systematically analyzed and the development of bioclogging within porous media under different seepage conditions was clarified. DLVO theory was used to reveal the dominant forces during microbial migration under different pH environments and ionic strengths. The results showed that the migration of microorganisms slowed down as saturation decreased, pH lowered, ionic strength of the recharge water increased, or recharge flow rate decreased. Consequently, deposition on the medium increased, while interlayer deposition became more uniform, promoting the formation of bioclogging within the medium. Changes in saturation, pH, or ionic strength had minimal effect on microbial migration when saturation was between 60% and 80%, pH was between 7.5 and 8.5, or ionic strength was between 1and 5mmol/L. Under unsaturated conditions, the impact of recharge rate variations on microbial migration and deposition was weakened when the recharge rate was within the range of 0.5to 1mL/min. Under different pH environments and ionic strengths, the dominant forces during microbial migration in saturated and unsaturated media were electrostatic forces and capillary forces, respectively.

A heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification (HNAD) strain WN1 with significant tolerance against high ammonium concentrations was isolated from a reactor treating high-strength ammonium organic wastewater. Based on colony morphology and 16S rDNA analysis, it was identified as Corynebacterium glutamicum. The growth and metabolic characteristics of WN1 were studied under different initial ammonium concentrations of 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500 and 3000mg/L, respectively. The results showed that strain WN1 could still grow well (48h, OD₆₀₀=3.264) at an initial ammonium concentration of 3000mg/L, corresponding to a free ammonia concentration of 590.2mg/L. As initial ammonium concentrations increased from 500 to 3000mg/L, the maximum ammonium conversion rate (R_m) of strain WN1increased from 15.93 to 43.29mg/(L·h). Additionally, the average conversion rates of ammonium and COD were 7.06~9.36mg/(L·h) and 95.63~199.13mg/(L·h), respectively. Furthermore, the Haldane model was used to characterize the growth and substrate degradation properties of strain WN1under different initial ammonium concentrations (R² = 0.99). Strain WN1had a maximum specific growth rate of u_max = 0.36h^-1, a maximum specific ammonium degradation rate of r_max = 6.45gN/(gDCW·d), and a maximum specific COD degradation rate of r_max = 122.85gCOD/(gDCW·d). The ammonium inhibition constant K_i of strain WN1was 3749.49mg/L, indicating greater resistance to high ammonium concentrations compared with other autotrophic or heterotrophic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria. The results suggest that strain WN1is promising for treating high-strength ammonium organic wastewater.

In this study, Six treatments were established: a control (CK), warming (W), increased precipitation (+P30), decreased precipitation(-P30), increased warming and precipitation (W+P30), and increased warming and decreased precipitation (W-P30). Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of warming and precipitation changes on the structure and function of soil bacterial communities in dry-crop farmland. Macro-genome sequencing was exployed to examine the composition, diversity, network structure and metabolic function characteristics of soil bacterial communities under varying treatments. The results demonstrated that the W and W+P30 treatments significantly elevated the relative abundance of Alphaproteobacteria, while the W+P30 treatment notably increased the relative abundance of unclassified Chloroflexi. Conversely, the W, +P30, W+P30, and W-P30 treatments significantly reduced the relative abundance of unclassified Actinomycetia. The +P30 treatment resulted in a significant increase in the Shannon, Simpson and Pielou indices, whereas the W-P30 treatment led to a significant reduction in the alpha diversity index of bacteria. Significant differences were observed in the effects of warming, precipitation changes and their interactions on the β-diversity of the bacterial community. The W, +P30, W+P30 and W-P30 treatments exhibited higher complexity and connectivity than the CK treatment. However, the -P30 treatment exhibited lower relevant parameters than CK. The W, -P30 and W+P30 treatments demonstrated an increase in the number of connectivity nodes, whereas the +P30 and W-P30 treatments did not exhibit this increase. The W treatment led to a notable increase in the relative abundance of the circulatory system, while the +P30 treatment resulted in a significantly decreased the relative abundance of xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism. The -P30 treatment led to a considerable decrease in the relative abundance of the excretory system, and the W+P30 treatment caused a notable decrease in the relative abundance of nucleotide metabolism. It was observed that warming, precipitation changes (either an increase or decrease in precipitation) and their interaction had significant impact on the structure and metabolic functions of soil bacterial in wheat fields.

Researches on lake methane (CH₄) production are of great significance for understanding the global CH₄ budget since lakes are important releasing sources for CH₄. In this study, sediment samples were firstly collected from Lake Taihu China then incubated in the laboratory with the purpose of investigating the temporal and spatial variations of the sediment methane production rates (MPR) in the lake. The environmental factors influencing the production rates were also analyzed. The results showed that MPR in sediments from Lake Taihu was 0.007~176.03µmol/(L·d). Higher MPR were found in the northwest bays and the eastern areas, while MPR in the open areas of Lake Taihu were relatively lower. The MPR in the sediments significantly varied from seasons, with the highest value of (42.85 ± 40.45) µmol/(L·d) in summer and the lowest of (5.26 ± 17.29) µmol/(L·d) in winter. The sediment MPR was positively correlated with the water temperature, the sediment water content, the porosity, the total nitrogen and the organic carbon. Differences of the temperature sensitivity (Q₁₀) for sediment MPR were found from different sampling sites. A significant negative logarithmic correlation between Q₁₀ and MPR was proofed. Microbial community analysis showed that hydrogenotrophic microorganisms dominated the methanogens in sediments of Lake Taihu during the summer. The copy number of the mcrA gene was significantly positively correlated with the sediment MPR. This study would provide important references to the studies of CH₄ production, emission and carbon cycle in Lake Taihu and the sediment MPR in other lakes.

This study employs Moran's I index and cold-hot spot analysis to characterize the spatiotemporal dynamics of carbon emissions in Yunnan Province from 2000 to 2021. Additionally, a random forest model is used to identify the key socioeconomic factors influencing carbon emission of 16 prefectures in Yunnan Province. The study finds that there are no significantly low carbon emission areas in Yunnan Province, with emission values generally close to the average and evenly distributed spatially. The hot spot regions remained stable across time, exhibiting a clear spatial clustering effect. Further analysis reveals that industrial added value, energy consumption, population size, and GDP are the main factors affecting carbon emissions. Our findings can offer useful guidance in formulating regional carbon neutrality roadmaps, implementing differentiated carbon reduction strategies, and promoting low-carbon green development.

Eight representative automobile manufacturing enterprises were investigated, and 109 samples of raw and auxiliary materials, including coatings and adhesives, were collected to determine reactive organic carbon (ROC) and to establish the source composition spectrum of ROC in automobile manufacturing industry. The maximum incremental reactivity (MIR) method and two-product parametric method were used to quantify the corresponding contributions of ROC to the generation of O₃ and SOA. The results showed that: ① The VOC contents in different types of raw and auxiliary materials varied considerably: the average ρ(VOCs)of water-based and solvent-based automotive coatings were 289.92 and 490.32g/L; the average ρ(VOCs) of water-based, bulk and solvent-based adhesives were 27.00, 27.50 and 196.67g/L, respectively; and the average ρ(VOCs) of water-based and solvent-based cleaning agents were 116.60 and 831.20g/L. ② The main components of water-based coatings were alcohol ethers and ether esters, esters and alcohols, the main components of solvent-based coatings were aromatic hydrocarbons, esters and alcohols, and the main components of both bulk and solvent-based adhesives were alkanes. ③ In water-based coatings, the mass proportions of various organics were SVOCs (36.03%), IVOCs (37.77%) and VOCs (26.21%). In solvent-based coatings, the mass proportions of various organics were IVOCs (4.59%) and VOCs (95.41%). In bulk adhesives, the main organics was VOCs (100%). In solvent-based adhesives, the mass proportions of various organics were IVOCs (2.64%) and VOCs (97.36%). ④ The OFP productions by water-based coatings, solvent-based coatings, bulk and solvent-based adhesives were 93.67, 2679.27, 25.82, and 41.82g O₃/(L raw materials), respectively, and the primary contributing species were diethylene glycol butyl ether (42.03%), 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene(28.29%), 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethylheptane (52.20%), and 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethylheptae (78.63%), respectively. ⑤ The SOA productions by water-based coatings, solvent-based coatings, bulk and solvent-based adhesives were 18.49, 16.70, 4.82, and 4.28g SOA/(L raw materials), respectively. The largest contributions to SOA formation were caused by IVOC and SVOC species in water-based coatings, yet the largest contributions to SOA formation were VOCs species in solvent-based coatings and adhesives. ⑥After adding the assessment of the contribution of IVOCs and SVOCs species to SOA generation in the study, it was found that SOA productions per unit volume of water-based coatings were higher than that for solvent-based coatings and adhesives, which showed that the effects of SVOCs and IVOCs in water-based coatings on the atmospheric environment should be taken into account in pollution prevention policies formulation.

An inter-regional energy system optimization model, NEMO-China-MR, was constructed in this paper. Based on the economic development and energy demand differences across regions, as well as the regional resource endowments and heterogeneity in new energy development, three scenarios were designed: the reference scenario S0for steadily advancing the"carbon peaking and carbon neutrality" targets, the comprehensive scenario S1 for supply-demand coordination, and the balanced regional development scenario S2. Each scenario achieved both the "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality" targets and the transformation of energy demand while building a new power system. The scenario comparison results indicated that supply-demand coordination influenced the optimal development path of the power system. Energy storage facilities and inter-regional transmission overcame the spatial and temporal mismatches of energy resources. Scenario S1 required consideration of future grid uncertainties, while Scenario S2, which promoted healthy economic growth through balanced regional development, reduced grid transmission pressure and was identified as the most ideal development scenario for the future. Moving forward, it is essential to lead the energy system transition through high-quality economic development, construct a new power system through the coordination of electrification and low-carbon power, and build inter-regional transmission channels while promoting balanced regional development.

Based on the LMDI decomposition model, the contribution of driving factors of transportation carbon emissions is quantified. The Tapio decoupling model is used to analyze the relationship between carbon emissions and economic growth, and the efforts made by each factor to achieve decoupling are quantitatively analyzed. The results show that: Economic output is the decisive factors leading to an increase on transportation carbon emissions, with a contribution rate of 115.93% to carbon emissions; Industrial structure has the most significant inhibiting effect on carbon emissions. The decoupling index of transportation carbon emissions in the national, eastern, central, and western regions is all in a downward trend, experiencing the decoupling trend of expansive negative decoupling → weak decoupling → strong decoupling. The driving factors of transportation carbon emissions in the four regions generally show the phased characteristic of "no decoupling effort → weak decoupling effort → strong decoupling effort". Industrial structure has made varying degrees of decoupling effort in 30provinces, with transportation intensity and population size becoming key factors hindering carbon decoupling in the vast majority of provinces.