Latest ArticlesTo investigate the relationship between resting heart rate (RHR) and metabolic syndrome (MS) in middle-aged and elderly individuals residing in plateau regions, and to provide new scientific evidence for elucidating the influence of RHR on the mechanism of MS.
From June 2021 to December 2022, a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was employed to select 6 269 middle-aged and elderly individuals in Xizang Autonomous Region. Based on the quartile distribution of RHR, the participants were divided into four groups: Q1 (RHR < 66.5 beats/min), Q2 (66.5 ≤ RHR ≤ 73.0 beats/min), Q3 (73.1 ≤ RHR ≤ 80.5 beats/min), and Q4 (RHR > 80.5 beats/min). Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to explore the potential association between RHR and MS.
The overall prevalence of MS among the 6 269 middle-aged and elderly individuals was 22.35%. The prevalence varied across different RHR groups: 17.12% in Q1, 20.24% in Q2, 22.77% in Q3, and 29.48% in Q4, with statistically significant differences (χ2 = 74.934, P < 0.001). After adjusting for sex, age, alcohol consumption, and body mass index (BMI), compared with the RHR < 66.5 beats/min group, the risk of MS was significantly elevated in the 73.1 ≤ RHR ≤ 80.5 beats/min group (OR = 1.371, 95%CI: 1.121 - 1.678) and substantially increased in the RHR > 80.5 beats/min group (OR = 2.027, 95%CI: 1.672 - 2.482). Stratified analysis by sex and age revealed that in males, the risk of MS increased by 37.0% (OR = 1.370, 95%CI: 1.024 - 1.832) and 137.9% (OR = 2.379, 95%CI: 1.803 - 3.139) in the 73.1 ≤ RHR ≤ 80.5 beats/min and RHR > 80.5 beats/min groups, respectively. In females, the corresponding risks increased by 36.6% (OR = 1.366, 95%CI: 1.030 - 1.810) and 76.4% (OR = 1.764, 95%CI:1.328 - 2.343), respectively. When RHR > 80.5 beats/min, the risk of MS was significantly elevated in all age groups except for the 70 - 75 age group, with the highest risk observed in the 40 - 49 age group (OR = 2.777, 95%CI: 1.922 - 4.010).
An RHR > 80.5 beats/min significantly increases the risk of MS in middle-aged and elderly individuals in plateau regions, with higher risks observed in males and individuals aged 40 - 49. RHR may be an important predictor of MS, and further investigation into its influence mechanisms in different populations is warranted.
To understand the changes in human resources of disease prevention and control (hereinafter referred to as CDC) institutions in Shenzhen city from 2019 to 2023, and to provide a scientific basis for optimizing human resource allocation.
Human resource data of Shenzhen city and district CDC institutions from 2019 to 2023 were collected through questionnaires. The current status and trends of authorized staff size, on-the-job staff number, position distribution, personnel identity, age, working years, education level, and professional titles were analyzed.
In 2023, the authorized staff sizes of city, city-level, and district-level CDC institutions were 975, 264 and 711, respectively, representing increases of 9.30%, 13.79%, and 7.73% compared to 2019. The on-the-job staff numbers were 1 560, 348 and 1 212, respectively, representing increases of 13.37%, 12.26%, and 13.69% compared to 2019. The proportion of professional and technical personnel was > 85% in all institutions. In 2023, the proportion of authorized staff in CDC institutions at all levels in the city ranged from 52.23% to 66.95%, a decrease of 5.65 to 7.57 percentage points compared to 2019, showing a "diversified" characteristic in employment methods. From 2019 to 2023, the age distribution of CDC institutions at all levels in the city presented a "spindle" shape, with a large middle and small ends. The age group with the highest proportion shifted from 35 - 44 years old to 25 - 34 years old. The proportion of staff with a bachelor′s degree or above increased by 2.95 to 5.33 percentage points, while the proportion with a sub-senior professional title or above decreased by 1.45 to 3.96 percentage points, and the overall working years slightly decreased. In 2023, the staff of city and district-level CDC institutions were mainly characterized by a bachelor′s degree (57.05%, 62.46%), junior and intermediate professional titles (50.96%, 55.94%), and 10 - 19 years of working experience (27.95%, 29.95%). The staff of city-level CDC was mainly characterized by a master′s degree or above (50.86%) and a sub-senior professional title or above (42.81%).
From 2019 to 2023, the total number of staff in Shenzhen city CDC institutions increased significantly, with a reasonable proportion of professional and technical personnel and a clear trend toward younger age and higher education levels. However, there are still problems such as insufficient total staffing, a high proportion of non-authorized staff, an unbalanced professional title structure, and difficulties in attracting high-level talents, which require further strengthening.
To construct a public health risk assessment index system for sudden water pollution incidents to provide a reference tool for conducting public health risk assessments of such incidents.
An initial index list was established through literature review and group discussions. A two-round Delphi expert consultation method was employed to evaluate and screen the indicators, and a comprehensive integration empowerment method was used to calculate indicator weights.
The expert positive coefficients for the two rounds of consultation were 83.33% and 100.00%, respectively, and the authority coefficients were (0.79 ± 0.11) and (0.82 ± 0.08), respectively. The overall Kendall′s W values were 0.250 and 0.460 (both P < 0.001). Finally, 4 first-level indicators, 17 second-level indicators, and 66 third-level indicators were established. The top three third-level indicators by weight were the speed of emergency resource allocation (0.049 9), regular monitoring of drinking water quality by the jurisdictional water quality supervision department with monitoring items covering the conventional indicators listed in GB 5749 - 2022 (0.044 4), and the professional and technical level of emergency personnel (0.039 1).
The constructed public health risk assessment index system for sudden water pollution incidents provides a reference for the health emergency response to water pollution incidents.
To understand the intention and behavior of rural residents in Changzhou city, Jiangsu province, to improve their health literacy and its influencing factors, so as to provide a reference for improving the health literacy level of rural residents in this area.
From May to June 2024, a multi-stage random sampling method was used to select 605 rural residents in Wujin district and Jintan district of Changzhou city for a questionnaire survey, and 27 rural residents were randomly selected for in-depth interviews. Based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), a mixed quantitative and qualitative methodology was used to analyze the intention and behavior of rural residents in Changzhou city to improve their health literacy and its influencing factors.
The average scores of health literacy self-improvement intention and behavior of 605 rural residents in Changzhou city who participated in the questionnaire survey were (14.75 ± 2.81) and (23.99 ± 7.03), respectively. The average scores of behavioral attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control in TPB theory were (11.97 ± 2.41), (11.34 ± 2.35), and (16.38 ± 2.17), respectively. The results of structural equation model analysis showed that perceived behavioral control had a positive impact on both the intention (β = 0.68, P < 0.001) and behavior (β = 0.17, P = 0.001) of rural residents to improve their health literacy. Gender moderated the path from perceived behavioral control to health literacy self-improvement intention (diff β = 0.02, P = 0.002) and behavior (diff β = 0.04, P = 0.021). Personal annual income also moderated the path from perceived behavioral control to health literacy self-improvement intention (diff β = 0.15, P = 0.001) and behavior (diff β = 0.19, P < 0.001). Among the 27 rural residents in Changzhou city who participated in the interviews, 25 (92.6%) believed that improving health literacy was very important and that it was necessary to learn health knowledge and skills, but only 8 (29.6%) were willing to take actions to improve their health literacy. 16 (59.3%) said that they would only pay attention to health knowledge and skills that were helpful for the prevention and control of their own diseases due to their own health needs and rarely communicated with their family and friends. 10 (37.0%) said that although they were willing to consult doctors to improve their health literacy, the help they received from village doctors was limited. 13 (48.1%) said that they would look for opportunities to learn if there were suitable and convenient ways to improve their health literacy. 20 (74.1%) said that online methods were more convenient and that they were able and willing to search for health information online.
Perceived behavioral control has a positive impact on the intention and behavior of health literacy self-improvement, and there are differences between different genders and personal annual incomes. Rural residents in Changzhou city generally believe that health literacy is important, but they have not yet formed the motivation to learn health-related knowledge and skills.
To ensure a smooth transition to the "Class B management" protocol for the novel coronavirus infection (referred to as "COVID-19") epidemic, the Zhejiang province Data Bureau and the Provincial Health Commission jointly led multiple departments to establish and launch the integrated application platform for "Class B management" of COVID-19 infection in February 2023. This platform employs both automated system and manual data collection methods for relevant epidemic-related data, integrating multiple information systems. It provides functional displays for seven key areas: epidemic surveillance, medical treatment and support, medical supplies, vaccination, key institutions, key regions (rural areas), and key populations. A preliminary intelligent multi-point trigger warning mechanism has been established, providing a comprehensive, multi-perspective overview of epidemic prevention and control progress. This platform has provided strong support for epidemic situation assessment, monitoring, early warning, and resource allocation in Zhejiang province. This article focuses on the platform's functionalities and its effectiveness.
The World Bank is a major funder of cervical cancer prevention and control, but there is limited research on the motives, status, and characteristics of its projects in this area. Content analysis of multiple project documents retrieved from the World Bank project database was conducted to organize key information such as funding purposes, prevention and control measures, project indicators, and target achievement status, and to summarize the characteristics of these projects. A case study of the World Bank-funded El Salvador Non-Communicable Diseases Project was conducted to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the World Bank′s project implementation approach. The study found that World Bank cervical cancer prevention and control projects have significant advantages in rapidly responding to health needs, promoting the establishment of long-term mechanisms, and strengthening policy guidance and technology application. China can strengthen financing cooperation and communication with the World Bank to serve domestic health needs and health system development, while simultaneously promoting Chinese enterprises, technologies, and experiences globally, contributing Chinese wisdom to accelerating global cervical cancer elimination and deepening global health governance.
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common affective disorder among women of reproductive age, typically associated with the menstrual cycle, and significantly impacts women's learning, work, and daily life. Exercise can stimulate the release of various neurotransmitters and hormones in the brain. These substances, often referred to as "happy hormones", play a crucial role in mood regulation, helping to alleviate stress and anxiety, and reduce feelings of depression and dejection. In recent years, research on exercise interventions to improve negative mood in women with PMS has gained significant attention. This review aims to investigate the effectiveness of different exercise modalities on negative mood in women with PMS and to summarize existing exercise interventions to provide theoretical guidance for promoting health in women with PMS through exercise.
Artificial light, while playing a crucial role in enhancing productivity and enriching nightlife, has also given rise to the public health issue of excessive nighttime light exposure. This issue primarily manifests as a disruption of natural light cycles, leading to circadian rhythm disorders in humans, negatively impacting sleep quality, mood, and cardiovascular health. Consequently, it has been recognized as a novel environmental pollutant. Pregnant women, as a group highly sensitive to environmental pollution, have garnered significant attention regarding their health status. This review aims to explore the current status of nighttime light exposure, assessment methods, and its potential impacts on pregnant women and newborns, along with the underlying mechanisms, in order to provide scientific theoretical support for preventing excessive nighttime light exposure and promoting maternal and child health.
The health of rural residents is the foundation of comprehensive rural development and a prerequisite for building a harmonious society. However, the overall health literacy level of rural residents in China is lower than that of urban residents, and the urban-rural gap is significant. This article systematically reviews the health literacy levels of Chinese rural residents over the years and relevant research results at home and abroad, and thoroughly explores the current status of rural residents' health literacy, influencing factors, and intervention strategies. It aims to provide a scientific basis for formulating effective intervention measures and improving the health literacy of rural residents.
Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) are widely used in building materials, electronics, textiles, and other fields due to their excellent flame-retardant properties. However, their unique physicochemical properties, such as high lipophilicity and persistence, lead to their widespread distribution in the environment and bioaccumulation in organisms. Recent studies have shown that OPFRs can enter the human body through various routes, including inhalation, dietary intake, and dermal contact, potentially causing adverse health effects, with increasing concern regarding their impact on bone health. OPFR exposure has been linked to bone health issues such as reduced bone mineral density, osteoporosis, and increased fracture risk. The underlying mechanisms may involve the activation of PPARγ signaling pathways, disruption of thyroid hormones, and inhibition of Hedgehog signaling pathways. This review aims to summarize the physicochemical properties, environmental distribution, human exposure levels, bone toxicity, and potential mechanisms of OPFRs.
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