To establish a core element framework for preventive medicine talent cultivation programs under the New Medical Science initiative and evaluate the current status of training programs in local comprehensive universities, thereby providing references for talent training reforms.

From June 2024 to August 2025, thirteen policy documents and academic publications on preventive medicine education were systematically reviewed. Content analysis and NVivo 10 software were employed to codify core elements. Training programs from 20 local comprehensive universities (2024) were collected, with core element alignment analyzed via Excel.

Among local comprehensive universities, the curriculum coverage rates for interdisciplinary integration, emerging technology applications, and global health perspectives were 45%, 35%, and 30%, respectively, indicating insufficient coverage in advanced fields. Practical teaching openness and innovation/entrepreneurship practice coverage stood at 40% and 50%, respectively, highlighting a need for enhanced innovation. Dual-qualified teachers and interdisciplinary faculty accounted for 35% and 30%, respectively, revealing a relative lack of composite faculty.

There is a gap between the preventive medicine education in local comprehensive universities and the requirements of New Medical Science in terms of curriculum advancement, practical innovation, and faculty structure. Reforms should prioritize curriculum optimization, teaching model innovation, and composite faculty development.

To assess the satisfaction of trainees with the 2024 large-scale online learning program within China's disease control and prevention system (CDC system), thus providing reference data for optimizing talent development within the CDC system.

Data of satisfaction surveys were collected from 44 333 trainees across all levels of CDC institutions and related organizations nationwide who participated in the online training program from November 7 to December 15, 2024, via the National CDC Integrated Management Platform. The analysis focused on the drivers of participation, satisfaction with the training program, perceptions of learning outcomes and knowledge application, as well as the strengths of the learning platform and barriers affecting participation.

Among the 44 333 trainees participating in the CDC system's online learning program, 69.2% were motivated by enhancing their professional skills and competencies. Trainee satisfaction rates for course module design and recording, instructors, course contents, targeted thematic design, and course duration were 87.9%, 92.2%, 90.8%, 90.2%, and 84.7%, respectively. Among the trainees, 97.4% believed the online learning enhanced their understanding of professional knowledge and broadened their knowledge base, while 92.0% indicated the knowledge and skills acquired could be easily applied to their actual work. The primary strength of the CDC system's large-scale online learning platform was its abundant resources, whereas the lack of practical activities and opportunities for interaction constituted the main barriers affecting participant engagement.

Trainees demonstrate high satisfaction with the CDC system's large-scale online learning program. The initiative achieved broad coverage of high-quality resources, though improvements are needed in course duration scheduling and teaching interactivity.

To construct an evaluation index system for the Field Epidemiology Training Program (FETP) that adapts to the "learning while doing" training model and has a long training cycle, thereby providing a measurement tool for targeted training implementation and improvement of training effectiveness.

A preliminary quality evaluation index system for the FETP was established through literature review with the Kirkpatrick model and CIPP model as theoretical frameworks. Two rounds of Delphi expert consultation were conducted among 43 experts engaged in relevant fields. Indexes were screened based on scores for rationality, importance, and operability, and the weight of each index was calculated.

The expert positive coefficient (100.00% vs. 93.02%) and expert authority coefficient (0.886 vs. 0.849) in the second round were higher than those in the first round. The concordance coefficients of rationality, importance, and operability of expert opinions were 0.118, 0.127, and 0.089 in the first round (P < 0.05) and 0.179, 0.189, and 0.163 in the second round (P < 0.01), respectively, indicating good concordance of expert opinions. After screening, the final index system for evaluation of FETP quality consisted of 3 first-level indexes, 8 second-level indexes, and 50 third-level indexes. The coefficients of variation (CV) of the third-level indexes for rationality, importance, and operability were 0.07–0.22, 0.06–0.22, and 0.09–0.20, respectively. The normalized weights of the first-level, second-level, and third-level indexes were within the ranges of 0.319–0.351, 0.101–0.151, and 0.009–0.026, respectively.

The constructed index system for the FETP quality evaluation demonstrates good scientificity and reliability. While balancing training process management and effectiveness evaluation, the system comprehensively considers the importance of training needs, providing measurement contents and quantitative basis for the quality assessment of program implementation.

To understand the current status of epidemiological investigation capabilities among professional technical personnel in district-level centers for disease control and prevention (CDCs) of Guangzhou, and to explore the influencing factors.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among professional technical personnel from district-level CDCs in Guangzhou via online questionnaires. The questionnaire contents included the basic demographics, epidemiological investigation capabilities, and comprehensive personal competencies of the participants. Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted to study the basic characteristics of the participants, and multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to explore the influencing factors of their epidemiological investigation capabilities and comprehensive personal competencies.

A total of 335 participants of professional technical personnel from district-level CDCs were included. The proportions were high for females (60.60%), those aged 30–40 (42.99%), those with a undergraduate degree (61.49%), those majoring in preventive medicine (80.89%), those with primary professional titles (42.39%), and those with < 5 years of work hours in infectious disease-related departments (63.88%). The epidemiological investigation capability assessment showed that the analytical and reporting ability had the lowest score [(2.74 ± 1.00) points], while the organizational preparation ability had the highest score [(3.10 ± 0.99) points]. For comprehensive personal competency assessment, public speaking ability had the lowest score [(2.92 ± 0.86) points], and teamwork ability had the highest score [(3.72 ± 0.74) points]. Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that epidemiological investigation capabilities were associated with gender (β = –0.41), educational background (β = 0.29), major (β = –0.40), professional title (β = 0.21), and work experience in infectious disease-related departments (β = 0.23) (all P<0.05). Comprehensive personal competencies were associated with gender (β = –0.22), educational background (β = 0.27), major (β = –0.12), and professional title (β = 0.12) (all P < 0.05).

The analytical and reporting capability of professional technical personnel in district-level CDCs of Guangzhou needs to be strengthened. Establishing academic upgrading and continuing education platforms, along with strengthening practical training in infectious disease-related departments, can improve the epidemiological investigation capabilities and comprehensive professional literacy of personnel in primary-level CDCs.

To investigate the associations of plasma aluminum and manganese levels and the environmental risk score (ERS) with the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the rural population of southern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, thereby providing new insights for the prevention of CVD in this population.

A typical sampling method was used to enroll 12 794 rural residents ≥ 18 years in a regiment of a division in southern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from August to September 2016 for the baseline survey, and follow-up surveys were carried out in July 2019, July 2020, August 2021, and June 2022. During the follow-up period, 761 newly diagnosed CVD cases were enrolled in the CVD group. In addition, 761 participants without CVD and with the age differences ≤ 3 years from the CVD cases were enrolled in the control group for a nested case-control study. Plasma levels of aluminum and manganese were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. An adaptive elastic net model was employed to construct the ERS. Conditional multivariate logistic regression was employed to assess the associations of plasma aluminum and manganese levels and ERS with the risk of CVD. Restricted cubic splines were used to explore the dose-response relationship between ERS and CVD risk.

The plasma aluminum and manganese levels in the CVD group were 31.46 (22.82, 46.13) μg/L and 2.71 (1.85, 4.14) μg/L, respectively. Corresponding levels in the control group were 29.97 (21.98, 42.46) μg/L and 2.37 (1.66, 3.70) μg/L, respectively. The CVD group had higher plasma aluminum and manganese levels than the control group. After adjusting for age, sex, educational background, smoking, alcohol consumption, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), obesity, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and family history of CVD, the conditional multivariate logistic regression showed that elevated plasma levels of both aluminum (OR = 1.17, 95%CI: 1.04–1.32) and manganese (OR = 1.18, 95%CI: 1.05–1.32) were associated with an increased risk of CVD. When the plasma manganese level was used as a categorical variable, the risk of CVD in the high plasma manganese group was 1.58 times of that in the low plasma manganese group (95%CI: 1.26–1.97). Moreover, the plasma aluminum level had a positive linear dose-response relationship with the risk of CVD (P_overall = 0.022, P_nonlinear = 0.112). Following inclusion of the linear term for aluminum concentration, linear term for manganese concentration, quadratic term for aluminum, quadratic term for manganese, and the aluminum-manganese interaction term into the adaptive elastic net model, the linear term for manganese (β = 0.02, 95%CI: –0.05–0.10), the quadratic term for aluminum (β = 0.01, 95%CI: 0.00–0.02), and the aluminum-manganese interaction term (β = 0.01, 95%CI: –0.01–0.03) were retained. ERS was calculated by summing the products of the metal terms retained in the adaptive elastic net model and their corresponding regression coefficients. An increase in ERS was associated with an elevated risk of CVD (OR = 1.20, 95%CI: 1.08–1.35). Furthermore, a positive linear dose-response relationship was observed between ERS and CVD risk (P_overall = 0.021, P_nonlinear = 0.751).

Elevated plasma levels of aluminum and manganese in the rural population and an elevated ERS in southern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were associated with an increased risk of CVD.

To investigate the impacts of different dimensions of sleep quality on depressive symptoms among adolescents, thus providing evidence for the prevention of depressive symptoms among adolescents.

A baseline survey was conducted from September to November 2023 for 2 373 adolescents selected by stratified cluster sampling from two junior high schools, two senior high schools, and two vocational high schools in Wuhan city. A follow-up survey was conducted from September to November 2024. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) were used for the investigation. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression was employed to screen the influencing factors, and the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm was adopted to construct a prediction model. The prediction performance was evaluated by the area under the curve (AUC).

The detection rates of depressive symptoms among adolescents in Wuhan were 31.73% at baseline and 32.28% at the one-year follow-up. The median (interquartile range) PSQI total score was 4 (2–6). Adolescents with depressive symptoms at follow-up had higher PSQI total score (5 vs. 3), sleep latency subscale score (1 vs. 0), and daytime dysfunction subscale score (2 vs. 1) than those without depressive symptoms (all P < 0.05). LASSO regression results indicated that baseline depressive symptoms (β = 0.15), daytime dysfunction (β = 0.04), sleep latency (β = 0.02), and sleep disturbances (β = 0.02) were influencing factors for follow-up depressive symptoms. The prediction model achieved an AUC of 0.775 (95%CI: 0.739–0.812). Baseline depressive symptoms and daytime dysfunction had the greatest impacts on follow-up depressive symptoms (with contributions of 0.36 and 0.20, respectively), and their interaction effect value was 0.022 (95%CI: 0.020–0.023).

Daytime dysfunction is a key sleep-related risk factor for future depressive symptoms among adolescents. It interacts with baseline depressive symptoms, significantly amplifying the risk of subsequent depression.

To preliminarily develop the disclosure-to-healthcare-worker status scale for people living with HIV through the Delphi method and assess the authenticity, breadth, and depth of participants′ psychological inclination when disclosing information to healthcare workers, thereby informing the prediction of HIV-related disclosure behaviors.

Following a systematic literature review, an initial item pool was generated. Between June and September 2025, 32 multidisciplinary experts were invited to participate in two Delphi rounds. Experts rated their familiarity with and rationale for each domain, as well as the importance and relevance of every item on a 5-point Likert scale. The response rate was calculated to reflect expert engagement. The authority coefficient (Cr) was adopted to indicate result credibility. The coefficient of variation (CV) and Kendall′s W were used to evaluate consensus. Items with mean importance or relevance ≥ 3.5 and CV < 0.25 were retained and then finalized after team discussion and expert feedback.

The response rate of the experts in both rounds was 96.88% (31/32), with Cr values of 0.847 and 0.852, respectively. The Kendall′s W values of expert opinions on the importance and relevance of items were 0.152 and 0.117 in the first round and 0.090 and 0.082 in the second round, respectively. The results of the first round of expert consultation showed that the items had the importance scores of 2.68–4.81 points (CV of 0.084–0.581) and the relevance scores of 2.74–4.68 points (CV of 0.116–0.557). The results of the second round of expert consultation showed that the items had the importance scores of 4.16–4.90 points (CV of 0.061–0.264) and the relevance scores of 4.23–4.87 points (CV of 0.077–0.257). After two rounds of expert consultation and expert group meetings, a 47-item scale was finally determined, including individual psychological characteristics, situations, perceived risks, perceived benefits, and disclosure effectiveness.

This study developed a 47-item disclosure-to-healthcare-worker status scale for people living with HIV to access their actual attitudes, concerns, and tendencies when disclosing relevant information to healthcare workers. Although the reliability and validity of this scale remains to be tested, the developed scale provides a basis for improving doctor-patient communication and enhancing the quality of HIV prevention and control services.