The human body is susceptible to heat diseases when exposed to high temperature and high humidity for a long period of time. In order to assess the level of human heat stress in indoor high temperature and high humidity environments, the paper utilized the EWM to determine the weights of measurement parameters such as Mean Skin Temperature (MST), Heart Rate (HR), Oral Temperature (OT) and Tympanic Temperature (TT). A new comprehensive evaluation index QI was established based on VIKOR model. The reasonableness of QI was validated by fitting with the subjective parameters and the environmental parameters. The grading of QI was determined by improving the thermal stress intensity grading of the physiological stress indicator PHSI. The results show that the weight ranges of TT, MST, OT and HR are 0.151 9-0.421 1, 0.193 5-0.345 2, 0.160 4-0.426 9 and 0.134 8-0.339 1, respectively. MST has a high mean value of weight, which is greatly affected by environmental factors and labor factors. QI's safety range [0,0.36), thermal tolerance range [0.36,0.57] and hazardous range (0.57,1].

To rigorously assess the complexity of operator task execution under nuclear power plant accident scenarios, this study proposes an operator task-handling complexity (OTHC) evaluation model based on information entropy and image entropy. The model evaluates complexity from three dimensions: interface information complexity (IIC), task complexity (TC), and protocol complexity (PC). It establishes an evaluation system comprising eight complexity indicators, including interface layout, icons, text, and color. The entropy weighting method was employed to objectively assign weights, enabling quantitative evaluation of complexity using the model. To validate the model's effectiveness, a primary circuit small-break loss-of-coolant accident diagnosis task was used as a case study, for which a complexity network diagram is constructed, and the proposed model is applied to assess complexity. Subjective workload data are collected using the national aeronautics and space administration task load index (NASA-TLX) scale. The results show that the OTHC of the primary circuit is higher than that of the secondary circuit. The complexity assessed by the constructed model is highly positively correlated with subjective complexity, effectively reflecting the actual level of task processing complexity.

The urban lifeline Natech event is a multi-risk and multi-subject coupling system. To qualitatively and quantitatively identify the risk conduction chain of urban lifeline Natech events, first, the risk conduction mechanism was analyzed. Urban lifeline Natech events have both natural disaster chains and domino effects. Then, the complexity and dynamic characteristics of the risk conduction chain were analyzed, and a CN-SD model for the risk conduction chain of the urban lifeline Natech event was constructed. Finally, using the text data of "Top Ten Natural Disasters in China" and their reports, CN indicators such as risk path, risk aggregation, and risk conduction were quantified, and SD indicators such as risk correlation and urban lifeline vulnerability were quantified to numerically simulate the risk conduction rate and degree of urban lifeline Natech event. The results show that the model can qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the risk conduction chain of urban lifeline Natech event, and can visualize the dynamic curves of the domino effect risk conduction rate and degree of technical accidents in transportation, electricity, communication, water supply under natural disaster chain scenarios.

To enhance the operational stability of urban rail transit stations during rainstorms and waterlogging for safe resident travel, a method for evaluating the importance of resilience influencing factors was proposed based on complex networks. Based on the definition and connotation of resilience, 23 influencing factors of rainstorm waterlogging resilience were extracted from four aspects of stability, robustness, resilience and adaptability. The complex network of influencing factors of resilience was constructed according to the influence relationship between influencing factors. The evaluation index system for the importance of these factors was established, including degree centrality (DC), closeness centrality (CC), betweenness centrality (BC), and clustering coefficient. The order relation analysis method(G1)-Coefficient of Variation (CV) combination weighting method was used to weight the index, and the VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR)method was used to identify the key influencing factors. The results show that risk monitoring and early warning system, mobile communication equipment, water retaining capacity of stations, maintenance and repair frequency of flood control equipment, emergency power supply equipment, professional level of flood control staff, drainage capacity of stations, and frequency of flood control training and drilling are the key factors influencing the resilience of urban rail transit stations. The research results can provide new ideas and targeted suggestions for the emergency waterlogging prevention strategies of urban rail transit stations in the rainstorm waterlogging scenario.

To solve the problem that construction safety requirement information hidden in project documents is hard to be discovered without relevance and semantic ambiguity, a two-stage integration framework combining NLP techniques was developed for project document analysis and classification and extraction of requirement information. First, the safety targets of the project to be evaluated were obtained by combining the multivariate techniques of NLP, and an association model was established based on the topic model to recommend the appropriate requirement types. Then, the semantic features of the three types of elements were considered, and keyword analysis, sentiment analysis, and dependency analysis were adopted to extract the three types of elements, respectively. Finally, two types of construction projects (civil and industrial) were used as case to test the type recommendation and extraction of construction safety requirements. The results show that the two-stage integration framework recommends four appropriate requirement types for civil and industrial buildings respectively, and the combination of lexical properties and lexical sentiment can effectively extract the requirement keywords and behavior opinion words, and the extraction accuracy of the main elements can reach 88.6% after supplementing the description of building types. The test results confirm that responding to safety target features can recommend suitable types from the complicated requirement information, and the classification and extraction of requirement information combined with NLP avoids subjective preferences and improves the accuracy of information extraction.

In order to enhance the application of double-row inclined-vertical pile composite support in loess foundation pits, model tests were conducted to investigate the displacement, internal force, and earth pressure changes of forward-inclined rear-vertical double-row piles and double-row inward-inclined pile support structures during excavation. Numerical analysis was also used to explore the effect of pile inclination on support performance. The results show that the horizontal displacement of the pile body and surface settlement outside the pit are both smaller in the inward-inclined double-row pile support compared to the forward-inclined rear-vertical pile support. Additionally, the maximum axial force, bending moment, and net earth pressure on the front row piles are also lower. As the pile inclination increases, the pile top displacement, surface settlement outside the pit, and the maximum axial force of the pile body decrease, while the maximum bending moment and the safety factor of the foundation pit increase. In the double-row inclined-vertical pile support structure, the front inclined piles function to brace internally, retain the soil, and enhance structural safety and stability, whereas the rear vertical piles serve to anchor, transfer, and distribute earth pressure. Together, they improve the overall stability of the support system. During excavation, the stress path of the soil outside the pit initially moves away from and then approaches the failure K_f line. A greater pile inclination results in the stress path staying further from the K_f line. Comparatively, the stress path of the inward-inclined double-row pile support stays further from the principal stress K_f line, leading to higher safety and stability of the foundation pit.

In order to improve the coordination performance of multi-agents in emergency rescue, the network relationship and internal correlation of four agents were sorted out for urban flood disaster events. Combined with the multi-agent theory, the multi-agent interaction and cooperation framework was built. The multi-agent cooperative simulation model for urban flood disaster emergency rescue was designed. The changes in the number of rescued victims, average rescue time and total rescue time under different disaster scenarios were studied. Results show that the extent of the disaster, the scope of search, the ability of the dominant rescuer and the number of main rescuer are important factors influencing the level of rescue collaboration. Enhancing the scope of search, improving the ability of the dominant rescuer and increasing the investment of the main rescuer contribute to the improvement of the synergistic capacity of disaster emergency response, and the proportion of those affected by disasters who are rescued rises. The robustness analysis shows that the scope of cooperation has a small effect on the number of rescued victims, and the scope of search has a significant effect on the number of rescued victims and the total rescue time. The sensitivity analysis shows that the ability of the dominant rescuer and the number of main rescuer both have a critical value. Once these the critical values are exceeded, the rescue effect will tend to be stabilized.

To enhance the recovery, learning, and renewal capabilities of IEMS, an ecological perspective was adopted to systematically analyze its connotation, structure, characteristics, and operation mechanisms. By examining the niche control process and ecosystem properties, the dynamic evolution, synergistic symbiosis, information dependence, and openness of IEMS were revealed. Based on the principle of adaptability, an intelligent emergency collaboration body was constructed, emphasizing the importance of multi-agent synergy. Furthermore, resource allocation and response processes were optimized through fractal theory and a dual-chain operational optimization strategy, thereby improving the system's operational efficiency and resilience. Ultimately, a "five-dimension" pattern was established to jointly shape the system's self-learning mechanism. The results show that, from an ecological perspective, IEMS maintains systemic stability through niche control and transforms from passive defense to proactive response through its self-adaptive, self-organizing, self-correcting, and self-learning characteristics.

In order to alleviate the potential congestion problem caused by the sharp increase in evacuation demand on a single shortest path, the multi-path combined evacuation planning scheme considering congestion factors was studied by using Geographic Information System (GIS), Dijkstra algorithm and Yen algorithm. Firstly, the Dijkstra algorithm and the Yen algorithm were used to calculate k shortest evacuation paths from multiple starting points to multiple endpoints. Then, the k shortest paths in each path set are combined with each other to form different evacuation path combination schemes. Finally, the traffic flow of the overlapping sections in the combined route was diverted to reduce congestion, and the optimal combination scheme of evacuation paths was identified. The simulation results show that through calculation, the number of the shortest evacuation paths between each starting and ending point and the total number of evacuation path combination schemes can be obtained. Considering the impact of overlapping sections on evacuation is more in line with the actual situation and can form the optimal combination scheme of evacuation paths.

To deeply understand the true triaxial mechanical characteristics of coal-rock combinations under mining disturbance, the octahedral shear stress theory was adopted to systematically study the true triaxial mechanical characteristics and energy evolution mechanism of coal-rock combinations affected by the interface inclination angle during mining disturbance. Finally, based on Drucker-Prager criterion, a true triaxial damage constitutive model for coal-rock combinations considering the influence of the interface inclination angle was established. The results show that during the excavation disturbance stage, the axial strain of the coal-rock combination increases linearly with time. The energy is mainly converted into elastic energy, and the dissipative energy gradually increases as the strain increases. When the interface inclination angle exceeds 60°, the shear stress increases significantly, and the node of shear stress increase is postponed to the end of the excavation stage. During the mining stage, the energy of the specimen is mainly used for deformation and failure. When the interface inclination angle is less than 60°, the specimen undergoes two deformations before the shear stress reaches the strength limit. At the end of the mining disturbance, there are two sudden increase nodes in strain, and then the shear stress drops sharply, with the proportion of dissipative energy approaching 1. When the interface inclination angle is greater than 60°, the peak value of axial strain decreases, the sudden increase node of strain is postponed and is synchronized with the sudden drop node of shear stress, and the deformation and failure of the combination mainly depend on the rock mass part. After model verification, the goodness of fit is higher than 90%.