To reduce casualties and economic losses caused by disasters, a multi-objective ambulance dispatch optimization model that minimizes the maximum rescue time, the standard deviation of ambulance service times, and the total psychological deprivation cost of casualties was developed, while accounting for psychological deprivation factors. Given the non-deterministic polynomial (NP)-hard nature of model, the INSGA-III was proposed, incorporating a multi-chromosome hierarchical encoding strategy and dynamic crossover and mutation methods. Using the 2019 flood in Xingguo County, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province as a case study, the proposed INSGA-III was compared with NSGA-III and NSGA-II. Sensitivity analyses on ambulance quantity and relative deprivation cost coefficients demonstrated the effectiveness of model and algorithm. The results show that the maximum rescue time for casualties is minimized to 9.234 hours, the standard deviation of the latest ambulance service times is reduced to 13.156 minutes, and the total psychological deprivation cost of casualties is minimized to 1729.001. With the relative psychological deprivation cost coefficient set at 0.3 and 500 ambulances deployed, the timeliness and fairness of the rescue operations are significantly improved.

In order to improve the grouting efficiency and accuracy of phosphogypsum based self-produced gas expansion slurry, the change in density of phosphogypsum based self-produced gas expansion slurry with time was analyzed. Based on fluid mechanics theory and the time-varying model of slurry density, a mathematical model of the seepage diffusion pressure of the slurry during the self-produced gas expansion stage was established. Through a self-built phosphogypsum based self-produced gas expansion slurry similar model experiment system, the seepage pressure variation of phosphogypsum based self-produced gas expansion slurry in the fracture network during the self expansion stage was studied, and the mathematical model of the seepage diffusion pressure of the slurry was modified to verify the rationality of the modified mathematical model of seepage diffusion pressure. The results show that the trend of slurry density over time follows a negative exponential power characteristic. During the self expansion process, the diffusion area of the slurry increases and the increase in diffusion area of the slurry becomes smaller and smaller. The relative error between the theoretical and experimental results of the seepage pressure at the monitoring point does not exceed 10%, proving the rationality of the modified mathematical model for seepage diffusion pressure.

This study aims to improve the accuracy, stability and interpretability of the model for the prediction of the air temperature in the mine water-drenched shaft. Firstly, characteristic variables were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient. Secondly, BiLSTM model was optimized by KOA, and the prediction model of mine shaft air temperature based on KOA-BiLSTM was established. Then, under the same sample conditions, the algorithm was compared with back propagation (BP), random forest (RF), least squares boosting (LSBoost) and support vector machine (SVM). Finally, interpretability analysis was conducted using the shapley additive explanations (SHAP) algorithm, which was verified by an example. The results show that the absolute error range of KOA-BiLSTM model is -1.24-0.5 ℃, which is 3.98% higher than the prediction accuracy of the unoptimized model. Compared with the other four models, the average absolute error (MAE), average absolute percentage error (MAPE) and mean square error (MSE) of the proposed model are the smallest, indicating that the model has the best prediction effect and generalization ability. The SHAP analysis shows that the wellhead air flow temperature has the greatest impact on the prediction results, while the surface pressure has the least impact. The absolute error range of KOA-BiLSTM model example verification is -0.49~0.38 ℃, and the prediction accuracy can meet the work needs.

To prevent and contain mine gas explosion accidents, the explosion suppression performance of potassium salt powders and their action laws in the pipe network were deeply explored. In a pipe network with parallel pipelines, branching pipelines, and angular connecting pipelines, an experimental study on the suppression of gas explosions by three potassium salt powders, namely KHCO₃, K₂C₂O₄, and KH₂PO₄, driven by N₂, was carried out. The pyrolysis characteristics of the powders were studied through thermogravimetric(TG) analysis. By combining explosion experiments, the overpressure changes were monitored. The explosion overpressure and overpressure attenuation coefficient under the action of potassium salt powder were explored. Moreover, the explosion suppression mechanism was analyzed with the assistance of the Chemkin-Pro simulation software. The results indicate that after the explosion suppression by the three powders, the superposition and attenuation process of the shock wave pressure is eliminated, and the overpressure time-history curve exhibits a "single peak value" characteristic. Among them, the KHCO₃ powder has the best suppression effect on the explosion overpressure peak value, with a decrease range of 83.2% - 88.9%. K₂C₂O₄ ranks second, and KH₂PO₄ is relatively weaker. The pressure attenuation degree in the oblique angular connecting branch pipe 4 is greater than that in other branch pipes. Both the branch pipe 4 and the turning section can leverage their own structural characteristics to enhance the overpressure attenuation effect, and they are regarded as preferred locations for installing explosive inhibitors. KHCO₃ is able to maximize the utilization of this structural characteristic to enhance the explosion suppression effect. Additionally, the shock wave overpressure attenuation coefficient K₂ of the branch pipeline section shows a situation where it is less than 1.This phenomenon is found to be exacerbated by the addition of K₂C₂O₄ and KH₂PO₄ powders. Through the analysis using the Chemkin-Pro simulation software, it is concluded that the free radical content under the KHCO₃ working condition is the lowest, and the explosion suppression effect is the best, followed by the K₂C₂O₄ working condition, and finally the KH₂PO₄ working condition.

In order to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of research and knowledge evolution in the field of occupational hazard factors and health risks associated with building decoration, a systematic review of the relevant literature was conducted using the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database and the Web of Science (WoS) core database. Visualisation tools were employed to make knowledge maps of the spatial and temporal distribution, research hotspots and research frontiers of the identified literature. The results show the number of published articles in both Chinese and English increased significantly since 2003. The relevant research is influenced by economic conditions, the real estate market, and the level of emphasis placed on health by both national and international communities. The extant literature can be broadly classified into three categories: workplace environment, occupational hazard factors and health risks. Studies have been conducted throughout the entire period pertaining to indoor air pollution, indoor air quality, detrimental factors and formaldehyde. The research field continues to yield new insights and deepen its understanding. However, there remain areas that require further investigation with regard to the occupational health of workers. In the future, the studies could focus on the occupational health problems caused by different types of decoration, with a particular emphasis on the pollution characteristics of new pollutants and the occupational health risks and protection of workers.

In order to enhance the application of double-row inclined-vertical pile composite support in loess foundation pits, model tests were conducted to investigate the displacement, internal force, and earth pressure changes of forward-inclined rear-vertical double-row piles and double-row inward-inclined pile support structures during excavation. Numerical analysis was also used to explore the effect of pile inclination on support performance. The results show that the horizontal displacement of the pile body and surface settlement outside the pit are both smaller in the inward-inclined double-row pile support compared to the forward-inclined rear-vertical pile support. Additionally, the maximum axial force, bending moment, and net earth pressure on the front row piles are also lower. As the pile inclination increases, the pile top displacement, surface settlement outside the pit, and the maximum axial force of the pile body decrease, while the maximum bending moment and the safety factor of the foundation pit increase. In the double-row inclined-vertical pile support structure, the front inclined piles function to brace internally, retain the soil, and enhance structural safety and stability, whereas the rear vertical piles serve to anchor, transfer, and distribute earth pressure. Together, they improve the overall stability of the support system. During excavation, the stress path of the soil outside the pit initially moves away from and then approaches the failure K_f line. A greater pile inclination results in the stress path staying further from the K_f line. Comparatively, the stress path of the inward-inclined double-row pile support stays further from the principal stress K_f line, leading to higher safety and stability of the foundation pit.

To address the challenges of high risk and difficulty in quantitative analyzing hazardous chemical storage tank area leakage accidents, a composite method based on STAMP was proposed to elucidate the accident mechanisms. It clarifies the logical relationships among causal factors and quantitatively evaluate the impacts of accident causation, thereby enabling nonlinear quantitative accident analysis. First, the STAMP-24Model was utilized to construct an accident analysis diagram for hazardous chemical storage tank leakage, identifying system components, hierarchical relationships, as well as analyzing accident causal factors and their logical connections. Subsequently, Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) method was applied to determine path relationships and hierarchical structures among causal factors. Node importance analysis based on degree and clustering coefficients, as well as BN node analysis, was conducted to assess the criticality of causal factors on system. Finally, the validity and feasibility of the method were verified through a case study. The results show that organizational management failure (e.g., failure to implement safety rules and regulations, lax implementation of engineering management regulations) is the core driver of accident risk evolution, with a total degree value of 53.3%, and a significant coupling effect with physical and personnel layer factors.

In order to alleviate the potential congestion problem caused by the sharp increase in evacuation demand on a single shortest path, the multi-path combined evacuation planning scheme considering congestion factors was studied by using Geographic Information System (GIS), Dijkstra algorithm and Yen algorithm. Firstly, the Dijkstra algorithm and the Yen algorithm were used to calculate k shortest evacuation paths from multiple starting points to multiple endpoints. Then, the k shortest paths in each path set are combined with each other to form different evacuation path combination schemes. Finally, the traffic flow of the overlapping sections in the combined route was diverted to reduce congestion, and the optimal combination scheme of evacuation paths was identified. The simulation results show that through calculation, the number of the shortest evacuation paths between each starting and ending point and the total number of evacuation path combination schemes can be obtained. Considering the impact of overlapping sections on evacuation is more in line with the actual situation and can form the optimal combination scheme of evacuation paths.

To enhance the recovery, learning, and renewal capabilities of IEMS, an ecological perspective was adopted to systematically analyze its connotation, structure, characteristics, and operation mechanisms. By examining the niche control process and ecosystem properties, the dynamic evolution, synergistic symbiosis, information dependence, and openness of IEMS were revealed. Based on the principle of adaptability, an intelligent emergency collaboration body was constructed, emphasizing the importance of multi-agent synergy. Furthermore, resource allocation and response processes were optimized through fractal theory and a dual-chain operational optimization strategy, thereby improving the system's operational efficiency and resilience. Ultimately, a "five-dimension" pattern was established to jointly shape the system's self-learning mechanism. The results show that, from an ecological perspective, IEMS maintains systemic stability through niche control and transforms from passive defense to proactive response through its self-adaptive, self-organizing, self-correcting, and self-learning characteristics.

To deeply understand the true triaxial mechanical characteristics of coal-rock combinations under mining disturbance, the octahedral shear stress theory was adopted to systematically study the true triaxial mechanical characteristics and energy evolution mechanism of coal-rock combinations affected by the interface inclination angle during mining disturbance. Finally, based on Drucker-Prager criterion, a true triaxial damage constitutive model for coal-rock combinations considering the influence of the interface inclination angle was established. The results show that during the excavation disturbance stage, the axial strain of the coal-rock combination increases linearly with time. The energy is mainly converted into elastic energy, and the dissipative energy gradually increases as the strain increases. When the interface inclination angle exceeds 60°, the shear stress increases significantly, and the node of shear stress increase is postponed to the end of the excavation stage. During the mining stage, the energy of the specimen is mainly used for deformation and failure. When the interface inclination angle is less than 60°, the specimen undergoes two deformations before the shear stress reaches the strength limit. At the end of the mining disturbance, there are two sudden increase nodes in strain, and then the shear stress drops sharply, with the proportion of dissipative energy approaching 1. When the interface inclination angle is greater than 60°, the peak value of axial strain decreases, the sudden increase node of strain is postponed and is synchronized with the sudden drop node of shear stress, and the deformation and failure of the combination mainly depend on the rock mass part. After model verification, the goodness of fit is higher than 90%.