To achieve the classification of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by integrating information that utilize the complementary properties of multimodal data, and to provide references for clinical diagnosis.

A total of 872 subjects were obtained from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), with both clinical information, structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans. They were divided into the training set (612 subjects) and test set (260 subjects). Based on three unimodal data and four multimodal combinations of different modalities, we constructed the sparse Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (sPLS-DA) classification models in the training set to achieve the multi-classification. The macro-averaged precision (Macro-P), macro-averaged recall (Macro-R), macro-averaged F1 value (Macro-F1), and accuracy were used to evaluate the model performance, with the optimal combination of modalities obtained explored for their applicability in the test set.

The classification performance of clinical information (Macro-P=0.781 8, Macro-R=0.804 6, Macro-F1=0.791 2, Accuracy=0.796 7) among the unimodal information was better than that of sMRI and fMRI modalities. The optimal number of potential components was 1, and the number of clinical information features was 9. Among the four multimodal combinations, the clinical information + fMRI combination had the strongest classification ability (Macro-P=0.806 2,Macro-R=0.800 6, Macro-F1=0.797 6, Accuracy=0.813 2), with the optimal number of potential components selected as 1,and the number of features were 5, while the sMRI + fMRI had the worst classification ability (Macro-P=0.401 7, Macro-R=0.398 3, Macro-F1=0.349 9, Accuracy=0.565 9).Applying the best modal combination to the test set, the model performance metrics achieved were 0.791 8 for Macro-P, 0.734 5 for Macro-R, 0.758 4 for Macro-F1, and 0.766 4(0.646 0, 0.846 5) for Accuracy.

The performance of the sPLS-DA classification model constructed based on each multimodal combination was higher than that of the unimodal, among which the combination of clinical information + fMRI modality had the best performance, which couldgreatly facilitate the formulation of scientific and reasonable clinical diagnosis plans.

To explore the application value of a recombinant antigen-based capture enzyme immunoassay (RAg-CEIA) in detection of recent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in the sentinel surveillance population.

Among the HIV/AIDS sentinel surveillance population in Yunnan province in 2015, the confirmed HIV-1 antibodies positive plasma specimens matching the detection criteria for recent HIV-1 infection were tested by HIV-1 RAg-CEIA. The recent HIV-1 infection specimens were classified by the normalized optical density (ODn) values, and then the HIV-1 incidence in population were estimated. The detection and analysis data were compared with those by BED capture enzyme immunoassay (BED-CEIA) and limiting antigen avidity enzyme immunoassay (LAg-Avidity EIA), respectively.

A total of 51 313 plasma specimens were tested for HIV antibodies, in which 1 255 specimens were HIV-1 antibodies positive. 253 out of 373 specimens matching the detection criteria for recent HIV-1 infection were tested by the 3 assays, respectively. By RAg-CEIA, BED-CEIA and LAg-Avidity EIA, 88, 78 and 54 specimens were classified as recent HIV-1 infections, and the HIV-1 incidence in the sentinel surveillance population was 0.33% (95%CI: 0.26%~0.39%), 0.31%（95%CI: 0.24%~0.38%) and 0.31% (95%CI: 0.22%~0.39%), respectively. The differences between the HIV-1 incidence by the 3 assays were not statistically significant (P=0.927). Among the sub-populations, the HIV-1 incidence in men who have sex with men (MSM) were 3.50% (95%CI: 2.48%~4.52%), 3.92% (95%CI: 2.76%~5.08%）and 4.17% (95%CI: 2.79%~5.55%), respectively. The differences between the HIV-1 incidence by the 3 assays were not statistically significant (P=0.763). The ODn values by RAg-CEIA were linear correlation with those by BED-CEIA (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was 0.911), and those by LAg-Avidity EIA (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was 0.755), respectively.

HIV-1 RAg-CEIA can be effectively used in classification of recent HIV-1 infections and estimation of HIV-1 incidence, indicating that this approach has a good application prospect in detection of recent HIV-1 infection.

To explore the relationship between cumulative ecological risk and junior middle school student’s online aggressive behavior.

In 2023, convenience sampling method was adopted. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 340 junior middle school students from 2 middle schools in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with cumulative ecological risk scale, normative beliefs about aggression scale and online aggressive behavior scale, and the mediation effect was tested by non-parametric percentile Bootstrap method with bias correction.

The cumulative ecological risk was positively correlated with online aggressive behavior and normative beliefs about aggression (r=0.51,r=0.53,P<0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between normative beliefs about aggression and online aggressive behavior (r=0.73,P<0.01). Online aggressive behavior had significant positive regression on cumulative ecological risk and normative beliefs about aggression (β=0.17,95%CI:0.09-0.26,β=0.63,95%CI:0.56-0.70,P<0.001), and normative beliefs about aggression had significant positive regression on cumulative ecological risk (β=0.52,95%CI:0.44-0.60,P<0.001). Normative beliefs about aggression played a partial mediating role between cumulative ecological risk and online aggressive behavior, and the mediating effect was 0.33(95%CI:0.27-0.40), accounting for 64.71% of the total effects.

Cumulative ecological risk can not only directly affect the online aggressive behavior, but also indirectly affect the online aggressive behavior of junior middle school student through the normative belief about aggression. In the future, the level of online aggressive behavior can be regulated by intervening the normative belief about aggression.

To analyze adverse outcomes and influencing factors of elderly pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Guizhou Province and to provide a scientific basis for effective treatment of elderly pulmonary tuberculosis patients.

The medical records information of elderly pulmonary tuberculosis patients aged 65 and above in Guizhou Province from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2022, was extracted from the Tuberculosis Monitoring Report Management Information System. The time trend of adverse outcomes was analyzed using the chi-square trend test, inter-group comparison was conducted using the chi-square test, and binary logistic regression was employed to analyze influencing factors.

From 2011 to 2022, 10,820 elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis had adverse outcomes in Guizhou Province, with an adverse outcome rate of 12.91%. The rate of adverse outcomes increased from 2011 to 2015 (, P<0.001), and decreased from 2016 to 2022 (, P<0.001). Regarding regional distribution, Bijie City had the highest rate of adverse outcomes, and TongrenCity had the lowest rate (χ²=808.188, P<0.001)..The results of multivariate analysis showed that compared with the patients who were female, ethnic minorities, 65-69 years old, without comorbidities, newly treated, pathogenic negative, and without other tuberculosis, the patients were more likely to develop tuberculosis. Male (OR=1.323,95%CI=1.267-1.380), Han ethnic group (OR=1.168,95%CI= 1.117-1.222), 70-74 years old (OR=1.244,95%CI=1.181-1.310), 75-79 years old (OR=1.612,95%CI=1) 525-1.704), ≥80 years old (OR=2.322,95%CI=2.178-2.476), comorbidities (OR=1.261,95%CI=1.179-1.348), retreatment (OR=1.526,95%CI=1.423-1.636), positive pathogen (OR=1.244, 95%CI= 1.181-1.310) and other tuberculosis (OR=1.245,95%CI=1.161-1.336) were risk factors for poor outcomes.

Since the implementation of the "13th Five-Year Plan" for tuberculosis prevention and treatment, the adverse outcome rate of elderly tuberculosis patients in Guizhou Province has shown a gradual decreasing trend, but the distribution of the adverse outcome rate is uneven, which suggests that we need to continue to maintain a high degree of vigilance and strengthen preventive and control measures.

To summarize the performance and implementation status of various randomization methods, and to provide clinical researchers with a guide for choosing an appropriate randomization method and executing it in a standardized manner.

The review elucidated the conceptual and implementation integrity of randomization, and illuminated the developmental history and application of major randomization methods, as well as their performance in the two competitive dimensions of group allocation randomness and group sample balance.

Restricted randomization was frequently used to maintain an appropriate treatment balance in practice. Block randomization was the most widely used, but its allocation sequence lacked sufficient randomness and could be predicted, elevating the risk of selection bias, especially in open-label trials. Methods offering a superior trade-off between randomness and balance included MTI restricted randomization methods like the big stick design and maximal procedure, as well as combinations of multiple randomization methods such as the block urn design and sandwich mixed randomization. Many clinical researchers still had misconceptions about the randomization concept itself and often overlooked its critical methodological rigor and standardized implementation.

Researchers should meticulously choose a suitable randomization method and report implementation details in a standardized manner, allowing peer researchers to evaluate the internal validity and evidence strength of the study. Due to its high predictability, the widely used block randomization method should be substituted by alternative methods with better performance. Future randomization procedures can be explored and developed based on the MTI restrictive methods and the combinations of existing methods.

To understand the current situation of chronic kidney disease in the elderly in urban communities and to explore its influencing factors.

The data were based on the National Basic Public Health Service Project in Qingyang District, Chengdu in 2019. The physical examination data of the elderly aged 65 years or older were used and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated from serum creatinine using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. CKD was defined as eGFR less than 60 mL/min per 1.73 m². Kruskal-Wallis H test, Chi-square test and linear trend Chi-square test were used to compare the differences in the prevalence of CKD among the elderly in urban communities with different characteristics, and the influencing factors of CKD among the elderly in urban communities were explored by multivariate logistic regression model.

Among the 23 851 elderly in urban communities, the prevalence of CKD was 9.8%, and the awareness rate was 6.7%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age 80 years or older (OR=9.874, 95%CI: 8.576-11.369, P<0.001), smoking (OR=1.221, 95%CI: 1.031-1.447, P=0.021), dyslipidemia (OR=1.400, 95%CI: 1.274-1.539, P<0.001), hypertension (OR=1.711, 95%CI: 1.546-1.894, P<0.001) and diabetes (OR=1.151, 95%CI: 1.043-1.27, P=0.005) were positively related to CKD. Higher education (OR=0.644, 95%CI: 0.526-0.787, P<0.001) and everyday physical activity (OR=0.647, 95%CI: 0.571-0.732, P<0.001) were negatively related to CKD.

The prevalence of CKD in the elderly in urban communities is high, but the awareness rate is low. To optimize the management of CKD in urban communities and aim at lowering the development of CKD and slowing its progression.

To provide reference for controlling or delaying the decline of pulmonary ventilation function in male pneumoconiosis patients by studying associations of serum albumin levels with the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in male pneumoconiosis patients.

A retrospective cohort design was adopted in this study. Male pneumoconiosis patients who were hospitalized in West China Fourth Hospital from January 2012 to December 2021 and did not have pulmonary ventilation dysfunction at baseline were selected as the study objects. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to calculate HRs and 95% CIs to evaluate the association of baseline serum albumin levels and the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction. Restricted cubic spline plot was used to explore whether there was a dose-response relationship between baseline serum albumin concentrations and the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction.

A total of 746 subjects were included in this study. Fully adjusted model results of Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that male pneumoconiosis patients with serum albumin higher than 40.8 g/L had a reduced risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction compared with male pneumoconiosis patients with serum albumin lower than 34.4g/L (HR=0.660, 95%CI: 0.439-0.992). The restricted cubic spline figure showed that the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in male pneumoconiosis patients gradually decreased with the gradual increase of serum albumin concentrations and there was a linear negative relationship between baseline serum albumin concentrations and the incidence risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in male pneumoconiosis patients (P<0.05).

Higher serum albumin is a protective factor for severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in male pneumoconiosis patients and maintaining the serum albumin concentrations above 40.8 g/L can reduce the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction.

To investigate the test situation of pulmonary nodules among health examination population in a certain area and analyze its relationship with lifestyle and dietary habits.

A study was conducted on 10 580 individuals who underwent health examinations at the health management center of The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from June 2022 to June 2023, regardless of occupation. All health examines underwent low-dose spiral computed tomography (LDCT) lung examination to screen for pulmonary nodule patients, the detection rate and imaging characteristics of pulmonary nodules were analyzed, and a questionnaire survey on their lifestyle and dietary habits was conducted, the relationship between the detection rate of pulmonary nodules and lifestyle and dietary habits were analyzed.

A total of 2 054 positive cases of pulmonary nodules were detected among 10 580 healthy individuals, with a detection rate of 19.41%. Among them, 320 cases were of type 1 nodules (3.02%), 1 425 cases were of type 2 nodules (13.47%), 218 cases were of type 3 nodules (2.06%), and 91 cases were of type 4 nodules (0.86%). There was a statistically significant difference in the classification of Lung RANDS for positive pulmonary nodules of different densities and sizes (P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate of pulmonary nodules among healthy individuals of different ages, genders, occupational environments, smoking habits, participation in physical exercise, and dietary habits (whether you have the habit of eating breakfast, whether you eat a high-oil diet, whether you eat fried products and the combination of meat and vegetables). Multivariate logistic regression results showed that males (OR=2.143, 95%CI: 1.151-3.9880), smokers (OR=2.234, 95%CI: 1.435-3.480), aged over 40 years old (OR=1.451, 95%CI: 1.031-2.040), not participating in physical exercise (OR=1.582, 95%CI: 1.157-2.165), and no habit of eating breakfast (OR=1.404, 95%CI:1.036-1.902), high oil diet (OR=1.409, 95%CI: 1.073-1.850) and eat fried products (OR=1.795, 95%CI: 1.269-2.539) were independent risk factors for pulmonary nodules in healthy individuals in this region (P<0.05).

The detection rate of pulmonary nodules in the health examination population in Luzhou region is relatively high, and related lifestyle and dietary habits may affect the occurrence of pulmonary nodules. It is recommended to actively carry out LDCT for people over 40 years old in this area, focusing on high-risk groups who smoke, do not participate in physical exercise, have habits of not eating breakfast, high oil diet and eating fried products. Early detection and management of high-risk pulmonary nodules can reduce the risk of lung cancer.

To understand the awareness of core knowledge of Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases among multi-ethnic residents in Shimian County, a minority-concentrated area in southern Sichuan, and its influencing factors, and to provide strategic suggestions for Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases prevention and treatment.

A multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of 4 160 permanent residents aged 18 and above in Shimian County from May to November 2022. The scores and awareness rates of the core knowledge of Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases among Han and minority residents were calculated separately. A multiple logistic regression model was used to analyze the knowledge and awareness of the core Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases among residents of different ethnic groups and their influencing factors.

The median score for the core knowledge of chronic diseases among the residents of Shimian County was 40 points. Among them, the median score for the core knowledge of chronic diseases among Han residents was 50 points, which was higher than the median score of 40 for ethnic minorities (Z=-3.905, P<0.001). The awareness rate of core knowledge of chronic diseases among the residents of Shimian County was 36.7%, and the awareness rate among Han residents (38.1%) was higher than that of ethnic minorities (31.6%) (χ²=12.544, P<0.001). Both Han and ethnic minority residents had the highest correct answer rate for social responsibility for chronic disease prevention and control (Han: 68.89%; ethnic minorities: 67.67%), and the lowest correct answer rate for knowledge about cardiovascular disease prevention (Han: 18.60%; ethnic minorities: 19.47%). The results of multifactor logistic regression analysis showed that regardless of Han or ethnic minorities, having a bachelor’s degree or above (Han: OR=3.77, 95%CI:1.99-4.32; ethnic minorities: OR=9.98, 95%CI: 5.61-17.72) and sufficient physical activity (Han: OR=2.30, 95%CI: 1.97-2.69; ethnic minorities: OR=1.89, 95%CI: 1.36-2.62)were promoting factors for the awareness of core knowledge of chronic diseases, while engaging in non-physical labor(Han: OR=0.63, 95%CI:0.54-0.73; ethnic minorities: OR=0.46, 95%CI: 0.33-0.64) was a hindrance factor for the awareness of core knowledge of chronic diseases, and being middle-aged and elderly was a hindrance factor for the awareness of core knowledge of chronic diseases among Han residents (OR=0.76, 95%CI:0.60-0.98).

The awareness level of core knowledge of chronic diseases among residents of all ethnic groups in Shimian County needs further improvement. Regardless of whether they are Han or ethnic minorities, with low educational levels, engaged in non-physical labor, and lacking physical activity, they should be the key populations for health education on core knowledge of Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases.

To investigate the mechanism of IGF2/JAK2/STAT3 on learning and memory impairment induced by aluminum maltol in rats.

A total of 32 SD rats were divided into normal saline control group and low, medium and high maltol aluminum exposure groups (10, 20 and 40 μmol/kg) by random number table, respectively, and intraperitoneally injected every other day for three months. After exposure, Morris water maze was applied to examine the learning and memory ability of rats, and HE staining was used to check the arrangement of hippocampal neurons. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was applied to detect the relative expression level of IGF2 mRNA in hippocampus of rats. Western Blotting was used for detecting the relative protein expression levels of Cleaved Caspase3, IGF2, p-JAK2(Tyr1007/1008), and p-STAT3(Ser727) in the hippocampus of rats.

With the increase of aluminum dose, the escape latency of rats in the same day was prolonged, and the residence time in the target quadrant and the times of crossing the platform were gradually reduced (F=7.900, P=0.001; F=6.693, P=0.002). HE staining results showed that the number of neurons in CA1 region of hippocampus gradually decreased and the arrangement of neurons was obviously loose with the increase of aluminum dose (F=25.947, P<0.001). With increasing aluminum dose, apoptosis-associated protein Bcl-2 levels decreased gradually (F=83.235, P<0.001), Bax (F=153.189, P<0.001) and Cleaved Caspase3 (F=11.636, P<0.01) levels was gradually increased, and the relative expression levels of IGF2 mRNA and IGF2, p-JAK2 (Tyr1007/1008), p-STAT3 (Ser727) proteins decreased gradually with the increase of aluminum dose (F=18.423, P<0.001; F=11.072, P=0.001; F=55.161, P<0.001; F=10.481, P=0.001).

Aluminum maltol can induce cell apoptosis by inhibiting IGF2/JAK2/STAT3 pathway, which could damage the learning and memory ability of rats.