To understand the status quo of children’s obesity health literacy among parents of primary school students in Yangzhou City, analyze related influencing factors, and put forward new ideas for optimizing health education of childhood obesity prevention and control.

Stratified cluster random sampling was used to randomly select 1 street from each of the 6 counties (cities and districts) in Yangzhou City, and then randomly select 4 primary schools from each street, and randomly select at least 1 class from each grade (grades 1-6) in each primary school. Questionnaire survey was conducted on parents of the students in the whole class.

A total of 6 097 parents of primary school students were surveyed, among whom 3 615 reached the standard of health literacy, the rate of reaching the standard was 59.29%. The compliance rates of health cognition, health behavior, health knowledge, operation skills and health consciousness were 66.54%, 41.68%, 69.99%, 44.89% and 32.97%, respectively. According to χ² test, there were significant differences in parents’ health literacy attainment rates among different places of residence, age, occupation, education level, family income, relationship with children, and student weight status (all P values <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that residence, educational level, occupation and students’ weight status were the influencing factors of parents’ childhood obesity health literacy. Living in towns and villages (OR=1.223, 95%CI: 1.092-1.369) , profession of production/manufacturing/repair industry (OR=1.353, 95%CI: 1.059-1.729) and jobless person (OR=1.514, 95%CI: 1.126-2.036) or others (OR=1.404, 95%CI: 1.112-1.773), and students’ weight status as obesity (OR=1.203, 95%CI: 1.060-1.366) are risk factors for childhood obesity health literacy of primary school parents, and parents’ education of high school or above (OR=0.265-0.649, 95%CI: 0.133-0.752) are protective factors for childhood obesity health literacy of primary school parents.

The parents of primary school students in our city have a high level of obesity health literacy, but a low rate of health behavior, operation skills and health awareness. In the process of child obesity prevention and control education, it is necessary to pay attention to the parents of students living in towns and villages, with low education level, unemployment and parents of obese students, and carry out targeted health education activities.

This study assesses the status and determinants of treatment delays among patients with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) in Guizhou Province, 2016-2022, aiming to inform the development of RR-TB control strategies in the region.

Data on RR-TB patients from 2016 to 2022 were extracted from the "Tuberculosis Management Information System," a subsystem of the "China Disease Prevention and Control Information System." The trend in treatment delay rates over time was analyzed using Trend chi-square test, while logistic regression models were used to examine the factors influencing these delays.

From 2016 to 2022, Guizhou Province reported 513 cases of treatment delays among patients with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB), resulting in a treatment delay rate of 23.29%. The rate of treatment delays decreased from 2016 to 2019 (Trend chi-square test=9.099, P=0.003), reaching its lowest in 2018 at 10.53%. However, from 2020 to 2022, the rate of treatment delays exhibited an upward trend (Trend chi-square test=5.937, P=0.015), peaking in 2021 at 31.62%. Multivariable analysis indicated that compared to migrant populations, patients undergoing initial treatment, and those tested with molecular biological drug sensitivity tests, non-migrant patients (OR=1.496, 95%CI=1.198 to 1.867), new patients (OR=1.774, 95%CI =1.344 to 2.342), patients with relapse (OR=1.494, 95%CI=1.110 to 2.011), and those tested using traditional drug sensitivity methods (OR=2.985, 95%CI=2.323 to 3.834) were at higher risk for treatment delays.

From 2016 to 2022, the overall trend of treatment delays in rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) patients in Guizhou Province showed a decline. However, there was an increasing trend during the COVID-19 pandemic. This suggests a need to enhance the prevention and control of drug-resistant tuberculosis in key areas such as Bijie City. There is also a need to intensify health education for patients with drug resistance, implement patient-centered care systems for those patients, expand the application of molecular biological drug sensitivity testing techniques, and strengthen the referral and admission mechanisms for RR-TB patients.

To explore the attitude of medical students to premarital sex and its association with social ecological risk factors, so as to provide scientific basis for sex education in schools and relevant departments.

From September to November 2021, an anonymous survey was conducted among 1 280 students from a medical college in Shanxi Province, including general demographic characteristics, socio-ecological risk factors, and attitudes toward premarital sexual behavior.

There was 39.75 percent of the students who had a positive attitude toward premarital sex. After adjusting for general demographic characteristics, binary logistic regression analysis showed that in the household dimension, the approvingrate about premarital sex of high-risk group (OR=1.61, 95%CI: 1.01-2.54) was 1.61 times higher than in the low-risk group. In the time dimension, the approvingrate about premarital sex of medium-risk group (OR=1.57, 95%CI: 1.14-2.17) was 1.57 times more than the low-risk group, and compared with the low-risk group of the cultural dimension, the medium-risk group (OR=1.96, 95%CI: 1.43-2.69) and the high-risk group (OR=4.75, 95%CI: 3.24-6.97) were positively correlated with premarital sexual attitudes, that is, the higher the approval of premarital sex is, as the risk increased. The results of WQS model analysis showed that cultural dimension had the most influence on medical students’ attitudes towards premarital sexual behavior, accounting for 45.40%, meantime, time dimension and family dimension accounted for 15.60% and 14.40%, respectively.

The positive attitude of medical students towards premarital sexual behavior is the result of the comprehensive effect of social and ecological risk factors. Besides the high-risk family factors and the medium-risk time factors, the medium and high-risk cultural factors increase the approval of premarital sexual behavior of medical students. Then, the cultural factors have the most influences on the outcome.

To investigate the mediating role of professional psychological help-seeking attitudes between family parenting styles and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among secondary school students.

A multistage stratified whole cluster sampling method was used to select 4 393 secondary school students from 12 secondary schools in 2 districts of Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, from October to December 2023, and a self-administered general information questionnaire, a Chinese version of the short-form parenting style questionnaire, a short-form scale of attitudes toward professional psychological support for help, and a Chinese adolescent NSSI rating questionnaire were used to conduct a survey of secondary school students. The survey was conducted. SPSS 27.0 was used for descriptive and correlation analyses, PROCESS 4.1 for mediation effect analysis, and Bootstrap method for validation.

The detection rate of NSSI among secondary school students was 34.9%. Positive family upbringing style was positively correlated with professional psychological help-seeking attitude and negatively correlated with NSSI (r=0.308,-0.191, P<0.001); negative family upbringing style was negatively correlated with professional psychological help-seeking attitude and positively correlated with NSSI (r=-0.213, 0.310, P<0.001); and professional psychological help-seeking attitude was negatively correlated with NSSI (r=-0.190, P<0.001). Professional psychological help-seeking attitude played a partial mediating role between positive family parenting style, negative family parenting style and NSSI, and the mediating effect accounted for 28.76% and 8.87% of the total effect, respectively.

Professional psychological help-seeking attitude plays a mediating role between family parenting style and NSSI of secondary school students. Parents should adopt positive parenting styles and increase the motivation of secondary school students to seek professional psychological help, which can prevent and reduce the occurrence of NSSI.

To analyze the trends in incidence of acutemyocardialinfarction(AMI)in Wuhan from 2016 to 2023, and to provide scientific basisfor prevention and control of AMI in Wuhan.

The incidence data during 2016—2023 from the Surveillance System of cardiovascular diseases in Wuhan were collected to compute the incidence, age-standardized rate by China population 2010 (ASR-C) and by Segi’s world standard population(ASR-W).Theannual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) of incidence of AMI were evaluated using Joinpoint regression model,to analyzethe incidence trends of AMI.

The incidence of AMI in Wuhan increased from 56.67/10⁵ in 2016 to 115.29/10⁵ in 2023(APC=10.24%,P<0.05);andASR-C of AMI increased from 40.45/10⁵ in 2016 to 79.57/10⁵ in 2023(APC=9.75%,P<0.05).The AMI incidence of males(83.65/10⁵) was significantly higherthanthat of females(34.99/10⁵) from 2016 to 2023 (P<0.05).The AMI incidenceofurban area(62.59/10⁵) was significantly higher than that of rural area(55.35/10⁵)(P<0.05).The regression model showed that the incidence and ASR-C of AMI in male and female all showed a significant upward trend (all P<0.05);the incidence and ASR-C of AMI of urban residents all showed a significant upward trend (all P<0.05), while the trends of rural residents from 2016 to 2020 were not statistically significant, but they all showed a significantupward trend from 2020 to 2023 (all P<0.05).The incidence of AMI in age groups<30,30-<40,40-<50, 50-<60, 60-<70 years and≥70 years in Wuhan increased at different rates from 2016 to 2023(P<0.05).Incidence in agegroups 30-<40,40-<50 years increased rapidly,with the AAPCs of 16.73% and 13.87%, respectively.

The incidence of AMI in Wuhan showedan upward trend from2016 to 2023,young adult males are the crucial population for prevention andcontrol.

To analyze the trend of acute myocardial infarction mortality and potential life loss among residents in Nanning City from 2015 to 2023, and provide a basis for formulating chronic disease prevention and control policies.

To collate the death cause monitoring data of the whole population in Nanning City. Crude mortality, standardized mortality, age-specific mortality, composition ratio, potential years of life lost ( PYLL%), standardized years of life lost (SPYLL%) and average years of life lost (AYLL) were calculated.Joinpointlog-linear regression model was used for trend analysis.

From 2015 to 2023, a total of 38 870 deaths from acute myocardial infarction were reported in 12 counties (cities, districts) of Nanning City, including 22 566 males and 16 304 females. The crude mortality rate was 59.84/100 000, and the standardized mortality rate was 53.70/100 000. The crude mortality rate and standardized mortality rate both showed a stable trend, with AAPC values of -1.408 and -2.892, and P values of 0.443 and 0.054, respectively. The mortality rate increases with age and shows a linear increase after the age of 40. The proportion of pre hospital mortality in acute myocardial infarction ranged from 81.53% to 87.29%, which was at a high level, but showed an overall downward trend (AAPC=-0.552%, P=0.007). The potential life loss rate ranged from 0.33% to 0.42%, with an average life loss of 6.02 years to 7.03 years, and the trend of change was not statistically significant. However, the potential life loss rate and average life loss of women showed a downward trend, with AAPC values of -5.941% and -3.475%, respectively, and P values of 0.01.

The mortality rate of acute myocardial infarction in Nanning City is relatively high, and the potential loss of life is severe. Pre hospital emergency treatment and health education for acute myocardial infarction should be strengthened, and the elderly and men are the key population for prevention and con.

To explore the influence of family environment on depression in middle school students, and explore the role of coping styles in this process.

Amulti-level sampling method was conduct in Qingpu District. A total of 1 902 junior and senior school students from four middle schools were investigated. The questionnaires included self-designed questionnaire which was used for collecting the students’ information of gender, age, family environment and so on,coping style questionnaire for middle school students which was used for evaluating the scores of coping factors, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) which was used for evaluating the scores of depression. The t-Test, Mann-Whitney Test, Pearson correlation analysis and Spearman rank correlation analysis were used for difference analysis or correlation analysis, and the SPSS Process was used for Mediation analysis.

ThePHQ-9 scores of junior high school students in the adverse family environment (divorced/single-parent family, unharmonious family atmosphere, and non-wealthy family) were significantly higher than those in favorable family environment (non-divorced/single-parent family, harmonious family atmosphere, and wealthy family). Students in the adverse family environment scored higher in "problem-focused coping" and lower in "emotion-focused coping", while students in adverse family environment scored the opposite. The results of mediation analysis showed that "emotion-focused coping" played a partial mediating role in the relationship between depression and family structure (β=0.212, 95%CI:0.029-0.421) or family atmosphere (β=0.304, 95%CI:0.169-0.461) or family economic status (β=0.261, 95%CI:0.058-0.491) in the middle school students, and the mediation effect accounted for 9.83%, 15.13% and 13.85% of the total effect respectively. "Problem-focused coping" also played a partial mediating role in the relationship between depression and family structure (β=0.316, 95%CI:0.139-0.521) or family atmosphere (β=0.455, 95%CI:0.311-0.626) or family economic status (β=0.505, 95%CI:0.306-0.730) in the middle school students, and the mediation effect accounted for 14.68%, 22.72% and 26.75% of the total effect respectively.

The adverse family environment is a risk factor for depression in middle school students, and coping styles play a partial mediating role in this process.

To analyze the epidemiological distribution characteristics of chickenpox in Urumqi City from 2015 to 2023, to construct a prediction model by combining Baidu search keywords, and to explore the complementary application of Baidu index in chickenpox prevention and monitoring.

Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the characteristics of varicella case triple distribution in Urumqi City from 2015 to 2023. Chickenpox keywords were identified and a comprehensive Baidu search index was constructed. The models ARIMA and ARIMAX were constructed, the prediction effectiveness of the two models was evaluated by mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and root mean square error (RMSE).

The average annual reported incidence rate of varicella in Urumqi was 80.85/100 000, with a higher incidence in men than in women (χ²=1.136, P=0.287), there were statistically significant differences in incidence rates by age group (χ²=7 582.372, P<0.001), seven districts and one county had different average annual incidence rates (χ²=21.496, P<0.001), with the highest in the Toutunhe district (100.54/100 000). ARIMAX(1,1,0)(1,0,0) ₅₂ was selected as the best prediction model (prediction set MAE 12.04%, RMSE 13.80%, MASE 1.18%) with a good fitting effect.

The ARIMAX prediction model established based on the search term Baidu index has a certain degree of predictability and sensitivity, and can predict the epidemic trend of chickenpox in Urumqi in time, which can be used as a technical support and further expansion of the traditional monitoring and early warning system.

To study the control and structural change of hospitalization cost for malignant tumor and cardiovascular disease patients in a place in Anhui from 2020 to 2022, and to provide reference for reasonable control of medical cost and improvement of health insurance payment method reform.

Using the evaluation indexes of structural change value, structural change degree and structural change contribution rate, we analyzed the changes of hospitalization expenses and their influence degree on the total cost changes after DRG reform.

The average cost of hospitalization and the average number of days of hospitalization for both types of diseases decreased significantly after the DRG reform, with the highest contribution of structural changes in the cost of medicines (29.89%) and the cost of treatments (26.61%), respectively.

The effect of DRG on actual cost control and structural optimization is obvious; the cost component of the value of medical personnel’s technical labor still needs to be further improved; and the problem of "supporting doctors with tests" needs to be paid attention to.

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella and effectiveness of varicella vaccine in Jinan.

We collected data of varicella surveillance in Jinan from 2006 to 2022 from the Chinese Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and vaccination data for children born during 2010-2021 form the Jinan Immunization Planning Information System. All reported varicella cases from 2006 to 2022 in Jinan were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological methods; Coverage and effectiveness of varicella vaccine for children born during 2010 to 2021 were conducted with the screening method.

61 145 cases of varicella were reported in Jinan during 2006—2022, yielding an annual average incidence of 51.82 per 100 000 population; the incidence ranged from 74.48 per 100 000 in 2008 to 28.47 per 100 000 in 2022.Peak varicella incidences occurred between April and June and between November and the following January. The highest incidence rate was 5-9 years old group from 2006—2016 and was 15-19 years old group from 2017 to 2022.Coverage levels for one doses was 77.32% in the 2010-2021births; the overall effectiveness of varicella vaccine was 91.83% (95%CI: 91.43%-92.30%). Coverage levels for two doses was 45.86% in the 2010—2018 births; the overall effectiveness of varicella vaccine was 95.14%(95%CI: 94.56%-95.66%).

The high incidence age group shifted from 5-9 years old to 15-19 years old. It was suggested that the vaccine administration should be used to targeted age groups. Levels of vaccine effectiveness for 2 doses of varicella vaccine were greater than levels of Vaccine effectiveness for one-doses. We suggest to introduce 2 dose of varicella vaccine into the national immunization program for children.