To investigate the mediating role of professional psychological help-seeking attitudes between family parenting styles and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among secondary school students.

A multistage stratified whole cluster sampling method was used to select 4 393 secondary school students from 12 secondary schools in 2 districts of Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, from October to December 2023, and a self-administered general information questionnaire, a Chinese version of the short-form parenting style questionnaire, a short-form scale of attitudes toward professional psychological support for help, and a Chinese adolescent NSSI rating questionnaire were used to conduct a survey of secondary school students. The survey was conducted. SPSS 27.0 was used for descriptive and correlation analyses, PROCESS 4.1 for mediation effect analysis, and Bootstrap method for validation.

The detection rate of NSSI among secondary school students was 34.9%. Positive family upbringing style was positively correlated with professional psychological help-seeking attitude and negatively correlated with NSSI (r=0.308,-0.191, P<0.001); negative family upbringing style was negatively correlated with professional psychological help-seeking attitude and positively correlated with NSSI (r=-0.213, 0.310, P<0.001); and professional psychological help-seeking attitude was negatively correlated with NSSI (r=-0.190, P<0.001). Professional psychological help-seeking attitude played a partial mediating role between positive family parenting style, negative family parenting style and NSSI, and the mediating effect accounted for 28.76% and 8.87% of the total effect, respectively.

Professional psychological help-seeking attitude plays a mediating role between family parenting style and NSSI of secondary school students. Parents should adopt positive parenting styles and increase the motivation of secondary school students to seek professional psychological help, which can prevent and reduce the occurrence of NSSI.

To explore the attitude of medical students to premarital sex and its association with social ecological risk factors, so as to provide scientific basis for sex education in schools and relevant departments.

From September to November 2021, an anonymous survey was conducted among 1 280 students from a medical college in Shanxi Province, including general demographic characteristics, socio-ecological risk factors, and attitudes toward premarital sexual behavior.

There was 39.75 percent of the students who had a positive attitude toward premarital sex. After adjusting for general demographic characteristics, binary logistic regression analysis showed that in the household dimension, the approvingrate about premarital sex of high-risk group (OR=1.61, 95%CI: 1.01-2.54) was 1.61 times higher than in the low-risk group. In the time dimension, the approvingrate about premarital sex of medium-risk group (OR=1.57, 95%CI: 1.14-2.17) was 1.57 times more than the low-risk group, and compared with the low-risk group of the cultural dimension, the medium-risk group (OR=1.96, 95%CI: 1.43-2.69) and the high-risk group (OR=4.75, 95%CI: 3.24-6.97) were positively correlated with premarital sexual attitudes, that is, the higher the approval of premarital sex is, as the risk increased. The results of WQS model analysis showed that cultural dimension had the most influence on medical students’ attitudes towards premarital sexual behavior, accounting for 45.40%, meantime, time dimension and family dimension accounted for 15.60% and 14.40%, respectively.

The positive attitude of medical students towards premarital sexual behavior is the result of the comprehensive effect of social and ecological risk factors. Besides the high-risk family factors and the medium-risk time factors, the medium and high-risk cultural factors increase the approval of premarital sexual behavior of medical students. Then, the cultural factors have the most influences on the outcome.

To explore the effect of homework time on myopia of primary school students and evaluate its differences among different grades.

A total of 183 districts in 21 cities of Sichuan Province were selected as research sites. Two primary schools were randomly selected from each research site, and students in grades 4-6 were selected form the whole class basis. At least 80 students from each school were selected for visual screening and questionnaire survey. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of homework duration on myopia.

47 054 students from grades 4 to 6 were included in the study, including 32.5% in grade 4, 33.4% in grade 5 and 34.0% in grade 6. The myopia rate of students in grades 4-6 was 50.3%, and it increased with the increase of grade. After controlling covariates, the average daily homework time<1 h was taken as reference, and the homework time of 1-2 hours was the risk factor for myopia (OR=1.059, P=0.008). Stratified by sex, the same effect was observed in male students (OR=1.102, P=0.001), and was most pronounced in male students in grade 5 (OR=1.123, P=0.026). The same effect was observed among students with good economic level (OR=1.097, P=0.005).

Homework may increase the risk of myopia of primary school students. It is suggested to arrange homework time scientifically and reasonably.

To understand the status quo of children’s obesity health literacy among parents of primary school students in Yangzhou City, analyze related influencing factors, and put forward new ideas for optimizing health education of childhood obesity prevention and control.

Stratified cluster random sampling was used to randomly select 1 street from each of the 6 counties (cities and districts) in Yangzhou City, and then randomly select 4 primary schools from each street, and randomly select at least 1 class from each grade (grades 1-6) in each primary school. Questionnaire survey was conducted on parents of the students in the whole class.

A total of 6 097 parents of primary school students were surveyed, among whom 3 615 reached the standard of health literacy, the rate of reaching the standard was 59.29%. The compliance rates of health cognition, health behavior, health knowledge, operation skills and health consciousness were 66.54%, 41.68%, 69.99%, 44.89% and 32.97%, respectively. According to χ² test, there were significant differences in parents’ health literacy attainment rates among different places of residence, age, occupation, education level, family income, relationship with children, and student weight status (all P values <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that residence, educational level, occupation and students’ weight status were the influencing factors of parents’ childhood obesity health literacy. Living in towns and villages (OR=1.223, 95%CI: 1.092-1.369) , profession of production/manufacturing/repair industry (OR=1.353, 95%CI: 1.059-1.729) and jobless person (OR=1.514, 95%CI: 1.126-2.036) or others (OR=1.404, 95%CI: 1.112-1.773), and students’ weight status as obesity (OR=1.203, 95%CI: 1.060-1.366) are risk factors for childhood obesity health literacy of primary school parents, and parents’ education of high school or above (OR=0.265-0.649, 95%CI: 0.133-0.752) are protective factors for childhood obesity health literacy of primary school parents.

The parents of primary school students in our city have a high level of obesity health literacy, but a low rate of health behavior, operation skills and health awareness. In the process of child obesity prevention and control education, it is necessary to pay attention to the parents of students living in towns and villages, with low education level, unemployment and parents of obese students, and carry out targeted health education activities.

To investigate the epidemiologic profile of contamination by multiple respiratory viruses (including influenza virus, rhinovirus, adenovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus) in the environments of medical institutions in Changsha City in 2023, aiming to provide scientific evidence for the formulation of infection control measures.

A total of 663 environmental samples were collected from 11 medical institutions in Changsha City, encompassing various types such as air, desktops, countertops, trash cans, power switches, door handles, elevator buttons, faucets in washrooms, water dispensers, and other surface swab samples. RT-PCR technology was employed to conduct nucleic acid testing for multiple respiratory viruses. The overall positive rates of respiratory viruses among different types of medical institutions, surveillance areas, and environmental samples were comparatively analyzed.

The study revealed that the overall positive rate of nucleic acids for multiple respiratory viruses in the medical institution environments of Changsha City in 2023 was 10.41%, and the positive rates for influenza virus, rhinovirus, adenovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus were 0.90%, 5.28%, 3.77%, and 0.45%, respectively. Among the different types of medical institutions, general hospitals exhibited the highest positive rate of multiple respiratory viruses, reaching 15.22%, while specialized hospitals and other medical institutions (including welfare hospitals and physical examination institutions) had positive rates of 10.71% and 2.61%, respectively. In terms of surveillance areas, outpatient diagnosis and treatment areas demonstrated the highest overall positive rate of multiple respiratory viruses, standing at 12.50%, while public areas and inpatient wards exhibited lower positive rates. Additionally, swab samples collected from desktops, countertops, and trash cans showed the highest overall positive rate of multiple respiratory viruses, accounting for 15.45%. Samples from other sources, including faucets and water dispensers in washrooms, power switches, elevator buttons, door handles, and air samples, also exhibited varying degrees of positive rates. Statistical analysis demonstrated significant differences in the overall positive rates of multiple respiratory viruses among different types of medical institutions, surveillance areas, and environmental samples (P<0.05).

The presence of multiple respiratory viruses in the environments of medical institutions in Changsha City in 2023 suggests the urgent need for enhanced epidemiologic surveillance and disinfection measures to effectively prevent and control nosocomial infections.

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella and effectiveness of varicella vaccine in Jinan.

We collected data of varicella surveillance in Jinan from 2006 to 2022 from the Chinese Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and vaccination data for children born during 2010-2021 form the Jinan Immunization Planning Information System. All reported varicella cases from 2006 to 2022 in Jinan were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological methods; Coverage and effectiveness of varicella vaccine for children born during 2010 to 2021 were conducted with the screening method.

61 145 cases of varicella were reported in Jinan during 2006—2022, yielding an annual average incidence of 51.82 per 100 000 population; the incidence ranged from 74.48 per 100 000 in 2008 to 28.47 per 100 000 in 2022.Peak varicella incidences occurred between April and June and between November and the following January. The highest incidence rate was 5-9 years old group from 2006—2016 and was 15-19 years old group from 2017 to 2022.Coverage levels for one doses was 77.32% in the 2010-2021births; the overall effectiveness of varicella vaccine was 91.83% (95%CI: 91.43%-92.30%). Coverage levels for two doses was 45.86% in the 2010—2018 births; the overall effectiveness of varicella vaccine was 95.14%(95%CI: 94.56%-95.66%).

The high incidence age group shifted from 5-9 years old to 15-19 years old. It was suggested that the vaccine administration should be used to targeted age groups. Levels of vaccine effectiveness for 2 doses of varicella vaccine were greater than levels of Vaccine effectiveness for one-doses. We suggest to introduce 2 dose of varicella vaccine into the national immunization program for children.

To provide a reference for the health department and to improve the medical quality by analyzing and evaluating the medical quality of public traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in Shandong Province from 2019 to 2022 comprehensively.

Based on the survey data of public TCM hospitals participating in performance appraisal in Shandong Province, the medical quality of public TCM hospitals in Shandong Province was comprehensively evaluated by using the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method, RSR method and the fuzzy combination method of the two.

According to the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method, the evaluation results of medical quality were the best in 2019, followed by 2022, with C values of 0.594 4 and 0.548 6, respectively, the evaluation results of RSR method were the best in 2022, followed by 2021, with RSR values of 0.750 0 and 0.688 0, respectively, and the best evaluation results of the two fuzzy joint methods were in 2022 and followed by 2021, and the three evaluation methods showed that the evaluation results of medical quality in 2020 were the worst.

Although the evaluation results of the entropy-weighted TOPSIS and RSR methods and the fuzzy joint method are slightly different, the trend is basically the same, and the medical quality of public TCM hospitals in Shandong Province has been improving year by year from 2019 to 2022. The fuzzy combination method of the two can reflect the evaluation results more scientifically and reasonably, and has certain reference significance for the improvement of medical quality level and management standards.

To study the control and structural change of hospitalization cost for malignant tumor and cardiovascular disease patients in a place in Anhui from 2020 to 2022, and to provide reference for reasonable control of medical cost and improvement of health insurance payment method reform.

Using the evaluation indexes of structural change value, structural change degree and structural change contribution rate, we analyzed the changes of hospitalization expenses and their influence degree on the total cost changes after DRG reform.

The average cost of hospitalization and the average number of days of hospitalization for both types of diseases decreased significantly after the DRG reform, with the highest contribution of structural changes in the cost of medicines (29.89%) and the cost of treatments (26.61%), respectively.

The effect of DRG on actual cost control and structural optimization is obvious; the cost component of the value of medical personnel’s technical labor still needs to be further improved; and the problem of "supporting doctors with tests" needs to be paid attention to.

To explore the status quo of breastfeeding social support in puerpera and analyze its influencing factors.

A total of 535 puerpera were selected from 4 community health service centers in Chengde city by complete random cluster sampling method.The random forest model and LASSO regression were used to rank and screen the influencing factors.

The total score of the Breastfeeding Social Support Scale was 52.00 (9.00). The results of LASSO regression showed that when the lambda(λ) value was 0.117 7, the error was the smallest, and the corresponding number of influencing factors was 10.The importance ranking and multiple regression analysis showed that the main influencing factors of breastfeeding social support were community promotion of breastfeeding, whether returning to work or not, employment status, whether breastfeeding at night or not, feeding patterns (P<0.05).

The level of breastfeeding social support remains to be improved,and health care providers should develop targeted intervention according to the influencing factors.

To analyze and evaluate the prevention and control policies for thalassemia, identify the usage and distribution of policy tools, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the policies, and propose improvement suggestions.

From the perspective of policy instruments, an analytical framework of "policy tools-stakeholders" has been constructed. Utilizing the Policy Modeling Consistency (PMC) index model, a quantitative evaluation was conducted. The characteristics of policy tool usage were identified, problems in the policies were discovered, and strategies for policy optimization were explored.

The study found that the overall quality of Guangxi’s thalassemia prevention and control policies is relatively high, but there are also issues such as fewer joint documents issued by multiple departments, lack of demand-oriented policy tools (18.46%), slightly vague policy nature, and difficulty in balancing long-term and short-term policy effectiveness.

The prevention and treatment policy for Mediterranean anemia should start by enhancing the utilization of demand-driven tools, taking into account the short-term and long-term effectiveness of the policy, and mobilizing the participation of multiple stakeholders to improve policy quality.