To analyze the results of influenza sentinel surveillance in Sichuan Province from 2020 to 2022, to provide basis for influenza prevention and control in Sichuan.

The surveillance data of influenza-like illness (ILI) reported by 30 national influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in Sichuan Province were collected through China Influenza Surveillance Information System, and the results of influenza sentinel surveillance in Sichuan Province from 2020 to 2022 were analyzed retrospectively by descriptive epidemiological methods.

From 2020 to 2022, there was a correlation between the proportion of ILI to the total number of outpatient and emergency surveillance cases (ILI%) and the detection rate of influenza in ILI samples (r_s=0.626, P < 0.001). From 2020 to 2022, a total of 103 544 influenza samples were collected and tested in Sichuan Province, of which 8 798 were tested positive, with a positive rate of 8.50%. In 2020, the epidemic level of influenza in Sichuan Province was low, and the epidemic peak was in January, which was co-epidemic of subtype A (H3N2) and strain B (Victoria). In 2021, the epidemic peak was in autumn and winter, and the dominant strain was strain B (Victoria). In 2022, there was an obvious summer epidemic peak in Sichuan Province, and the dominant strain was subtype A (H3N2). There were significant differences in the positive rate of ILI among different years, age groups, and cities and states (P<0.001).

Influenza B (Yamagata) was not detected in Sichuan Province from 2020 to 2022, and the main epidemic strain were A(H3N2) and B(Victoria). The epidemic strains in Sichuan Province displayed decreased epidemic levels at the end of 2020 and 2022, which may be attributed to the COVID-19 preventive and control efforts and the occurrence of viral interference. It is necessary to continue influenza surveillance and strengthen the prevention and control of influenza in children and students.

To investigate the reporting quality of notifiable infectious diseases in Jiangxi Province, analyze the problems in the reporting of infectious diseases, and explore the countermeasures to further standardize the reporting and management of infectious diseases.

The report card information and quality evaluation data of notifiable infectious diseases in Jiangxi Province from 2016 to 2021 were collected and sorted out. The database was established by Excel2013, and the normal operation rate, timely reporting rate, timely audit rate, and reporting accuracy rate of the institutional network were calculated with the use of SPSS22.0. The quality was evaluated comprehensively by Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method.

The timely reporting rate of notifiable infectious diseases in Jiangxi Province from 2016 to 2021 was 99.95%, the timely audit rate was 99.97%, and the accuracy rate was 97.86%. The comprehensive quality of legal infectious disease reports increased year by year during 2016 and 2021.

The information reporting of notifiable infectious diseases in Jiangxi Province from 2016 to 2021 is generally good, but there are still some problems such as untimely reporting, untimely examination, and non-standard reporting. Standardized management should be further strengthened and the informatization construction of medical institutions should be promoted to improve the quality of infectious disease information reporting and provide timely and accurate surveillance information for disease prevention and control.

To explore the risk factors of early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS) and establish a predictive model.

In total 622 AIS patients treated in Baiyun Hospital affiliated to Guizhou Medical University from January 2018 to December 2022 were selected and divided into END group (n=127) and non-END group (n=495) according to the diagnostic criteria of outcome events. The clinical baseline data, laboratory data, and imaging data of the patients were retrospectively collected. Based on the Logistic regression algorithm, risk factors for the development of END were investigated. The prediction model was constructed and nomogram was drawn, and the prediction value of the model was evaluated by discrimination, calibration, and clinical applicability.

Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that heart rhythm, middle cerebral artery stenosis, carotid artery stenosis, admission NHISS score, fibrinogen, albumin, and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were independent risk factors for END. The prediction model was developed using Stata software, and a nomogram was created. Verification set analysis revealed that the predictive model predicted the risk of END with good discrimination, accuracy, and clinical applicability, with an AUC of 0.888 (95%CI: 0.821-0.955), slope of the calibration curve which was close to 1, and net benefit of the clinical decision curve that exceeded the two reference lines.

The model constructed in this study has high degree of discrimination, calibration, and clinical applicability and has good comprehensive prediction efficiency, which has a certain clinical application value for the early prediction of END.

To systematically evaluate the risk of estrogen use and ovarian cancer in postmenopausal women.

PubMed, Cochrane, Embase databases and Chinese databases such as CNKI, VIP, and Wan fang were searched by computer. Studies on the correlation between estrogen replacement therapy and ovarian cancer in postmenopausal women up until January 2023 were collected. The methodological quality of the study was evaluated by Stata software and the effective data were extracted for meta-analysis. We used the odds ratio (OR) and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CIs) to evaluate the relationship between hormone replacement therapy and ovarian cancer. When there was statistical heterogeneity between studies (P≤0.1 and I²≥ 40%), random effect model was used for meta-analysis; otherwise, fixed effect model was used for analysis.

A total of 14 retrospective studies including 10 cohort studies and 4 case-control studies were identified. Meta-analysis showed that postmenopausal estrogen therapy increased the risk of ovarian cancer in women (OR=1.27, 95%CI: 1.14-1.43). Stratified analysis showed that there was no significant increase in the risk of ovarian cancer in postmenopausal women who took estrogen for less than 5 years (OR=1.04, 95%CI: 0.90-1.20). Postmenopausal women who received estrogen treatment for 5 to 10 years had a significantly increased risk of developing ovarian cancer (OR=1.27, 95%CI: 1.06-1.53). Postmenopausal women who had been treated with estrogen for more than 10 years had a significantly increased risk of ovarian cancer (OR=1.69, 95%CI: 1.42-2.02).

The risk of ovarian cancer in postmenopausal women treated with estrogen replacement therapy is related to the course of estrogen therapy. There is no significant increase in the risk of ovarian cancer within 5 years, but the risk of ovarian cancer is significantly increased when the course of treatment exceeds 5 years.

To analyze the cost-effectiveness of carotid endarterectomy carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and medical therapy for asymptomatic carotid stenosis in Chinese patients over 70 years old.

Based on the data of different outcomes of asymptomatic carotid stenosis patients who were followed up by CEA and drug therapy for 10 years, a Markov model was established to simulate the cost-effectiveness of the two treatments for 10 years. The outcome index was incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), which was the ratio of increased cost to increased quality-adjusted life years (QALY), and the thresholds of ICER and willingness to pay (WTP) were compared. In this paper, scenario analysis was carried out, and uncertainty test was carried out by single factor sensitivity analysis and probability sensitivity analysis.

In the basic case analysis, the patients who received CEA could get 7.53 QALYs, the corresponding cost was 67 079.61 yuan and 31 982.38 yuan, and the ICER was 129 435.97 yuan / QALY, which was lower than the threshold of WTP. In scenario analysis, the ICER was 127 946.82 yuan / QALY and 240 283.17 yuan / QALY, respectively. The annual mortality of patients after CEA, the operation cost of CEA, and the perioperative mortality after CEA had great influence on the fluctuation of ICER.

According to the economic evaluation recommendation of WHO, the increased cost of CEA compared with drug therapy is acceptable for Chinese patients with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis over 70 years old.

To analyze the current situation and influencing factors of post competency of full-time staff in nosocomial infection management in different levels of medical institutions in Guizhou Province.

Based on the principle of convenience sampling, 69 tertiary hospitals and 151 secondary hospitals in 9 cities (regions) of Guizhou Province were selected, and 766 full-time staff of nosocomial infection management were investigated by questionnaire. Multiple linear regression method was used for multivariate analysis.

The total score of post competence of full-time staff of nosocomial infection management in tertiary medical institutions (5.287 ±1.074) was higher than that in secondary medical institutions (4.835 ±1.194). The full-time staff of the third-level medical institutions outperformed those of the second-level medical institutions in terms of the overall level of competency, the self-evaluation scores of 4 core items, and self-evaluation scores of 11 sub-items (t=5.580, P<0.001). The scores of tertiary medical institutions and secondary medical institutions had the lowest score in comprehensive knowledge items, which were (4.394 ±1.401) and (3.614 ±1.529), respectively. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that the professional titles of the full-time staff of nosocomial infection management (B=-0.541, 95%CI:-1.024 to -0.058), the application level of office software (B=-0.854, 95%CI: -1.108 to -0.599), the importance degree the hospital attached to infection control (B=-0.393, 95%CI: -0.707 to -0.078), and the construction of the nosocomial infection control management system (B=-0.759, 95%CI: -1.314 to -0.204) were the independent factors for the post competency in tertiary medical institutions. The age of the full-time staff in the secondary medical institution (B=0.942, 95%CI: 0.435-1.449), the average monthly income (B=0.535, 95%CI: 0.165-0.905), and the application level of office software (B=-0.657, 95%CI: -0.909 to -0.405) were independent factors for the post competency in secondary medical institutions.

The overall post competency of the full-time staff of nosocomial infection management in Guizhou Province is at the upper-middle level, and the full-time staff of the tertiary medical institutions are obviously better than the secondary medical institutions.