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Research progress on the impact of gut microbiota on vaccine immune responses
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Meng-juan YUAN1, Bu-yun XU1, Li-sa YANG1, Si-min LI2, Si-yue JIA3, Jing-xin LI1, 3
Modern Preventive Medicine | 2026, 53(1) : 181 - 187
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Modern Preventive Medicine | 2026, 53(1): 181-187
• Clinical Medicine and Prevention •
Research progress on the impact of gut microbiota on vaccine immune responses
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Meng-juan YUAN1, Bu-yun XU1, Li-sa YANG1, Si-min LI2, Si-yue JIA3, Jing-xin LI1, 3
Affiliations
  • School of Public Health, National Medical Key Project Industry-Education Integration Innovation Platform (Vaccine Research and Development), Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
Published: 2026-01-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202508212
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Vaccine-induced immune responses exhibit marked heterogeneity within populations. Traditional perspectives attribute this variation primarily to factors such as genetic background, nutritional status, environmental exposures, and immune status. However, recent research has revealed that the gut microbiota, as a critical symbiotic ecosystem in the human body, may significantly influence vaccine immunogenicity through immune regulatory mechanisms. This emerging field of research offers a novel biological perspective for understanding individual differences in vaccine efficacy. This article summarizes the evidence from reported clinical studies on the impact of the gut microbiota on vaccine immune responses. We discuss the immunological mechanisms potentially mediating the microbiota’s influence on vaccine immune responses and explore the potential applications of microbiota-targeted interventions for optimizing vaccine efficacy. Our objective is to examine the possibility of modulating the gut microbiota to enhance vaccine-induced immune responses, thereby providing theoretical foundations and practical guidance for personalized vaccination and precision immunology.

Gut microbiota  /  Vaccines  /  Immune responses  /  Microbiota-targeted interventions
袁梦娟, 徐步芸, 杨丽洒, 李思敏, 贾斯月, 李靖欣. 肠道菌群对疫苗免疫应答影响的研究进展. 现代预防医学, 2026 , 53 (1) : 181 -187 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202508212
Meng-juan YUAN, Bu-yun XU, Li-sa YANG, Si-min LI, Si-yue JIA, Jing-xin LI. Research progress on the impact of gut microbiota on vaccine immune responses[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2026 , 53 (1) : 181 -187 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202508212
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Year 2026 volume 53 Issue 1
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202508212
  • Receive Date：2025-08-12
  • Online Date：2026-11-02
  • Published：2026-01-10
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  • Received：2025-08-12
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    School of Public Health, National Medical Key Project Industry-Education Integration Innovation Platform (Vaccine Research and Development), Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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