Full
Outline
To estimate the healthy life expectancy (HLE) of residents in Hainan Province based on multiple criteria, and to evaluate the health status of the population in Hainan Province.
The monitoring data of death causes of residents in Hainan Province, underreporting survey data on causes of death of residents in Hainan Province, and the data of healthy life expectancy in Hainan Province (HLE_GBD) in the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) were collected. The health questionnaire of residents in Hainan Province was compiled by combining Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), Global Activity Limitation Indicator (GALI), EuroQol Five Dimensions Questionnaire (EQ-5D) and EuroQol Five Dimensions Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-5DVAS) scales. The disability measurement under each criterion was calculated, and the HLE_ADL, HLE_IADL, HLE_GALI, HLE_EQ-5D and HLE_EQ-5DVAS of Hainan residents were estimated using the Sullivan method.
The life expectancy of Hainan residents in 2021 was 79.50 years. The HLE at birth based on ADL, IADL, GALI, EQ-5D, EQ-5DVAS and GBD standards were 75.42, 73.18,71.22, 76.71, 67.73 and 68.26 years, respectively. The HLE of each age group was EQ-5D > ADL > IADL > GALI > GBD > EQ-5DVAS. With the increase of age, healthy life loss and its proportion under different health standards showed a stepwise upward trend. Among them, the proportion of healthy life loss under GBD and IADL standards was the highest, while EQ-5D standard was the lowest.
HLE estimates based on six health standards show notable variation among Hainan Province residents, with EQ-5D and ADL yielding relatively higher HLE values. These findings highlight the need for strengthened methodological validation and cross-standard consistency assessments to establish a more scientific and comparable HLE estimation framework. Incorporating multidimensional health indicators into routine surveillance, while enhancing functional health maintenance, chronic disease management, and elder care capacity, may help improve the overall health status of Hainan’s population.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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