Full
Outline
To investigate the correlation between daily dietary diversity and nutritional status among community-dwelling older adults.
Data were collected from April to October 2024 from 4 578 elderly individuals (aged≥60 years)in the four towns of Jiading District, Shanghai, employing a multistage cluster random sampling approach. A Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) was constructed based on nine food groups: cereals, vegetables, fruits, livestock meat, fish/shrimp, eggs, milk/dairy products, legumes/legume products, and oils/fats. Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA).Ordinal logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the relationship between DDS and nutritional status, as well as the impact of specific food group intake on nutritional status.
The malnourished group exhibited characteristics including older age (63.46%), primary school education or less (69.23%), non-married status (51.92%), and underweight status (25.00%).DDS was a protective factor for nutritional status in older adults (OR=1.986, 95% CI:1.649-2.392, P<0.001). The well-nourished group reported significantly higher intake frequencies than the malnourished group for fruits (χ2=50.507, P<0.001),vegetables (χ2=17.496, P<0.001), legumes (χ2=20.340, P<0.001), milk/dairy products (χ2=50.472, P<0.001), eggs (χ2=81.994,P<0.001), fish/seafood (χ2=9.825, P=0.007), and meat (χ2=52.414, P<0.001). Intake of fruits, legumes, milk/dairy products,eggs, and meat significantly increased the probability of improved nutritional status (P<0.05). The effect sizes were most pronounced for meat (OR=1.170, 95% CI: 1.470-2.718) and eggs (OR=1.123, 95% CI:1.499-2.358).
Promoting dietary diversity among community-dwelling older adults may help mitigate the risk of deteriorating nutritional status.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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