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Outline
To assess energy and amino acid metabolic features in overweight and obese adults compared with normal-weight controls, and to examine their associations to better understand the metabolic mechanisms of obesity.
A total of 61 healthy adults were recruited in Chengdu, China, and categorized into normal weight (18.5-23.9 kg/m2), overweight (24.0-27.9 kg/m2), and obese (≥28.0 kg/m2) groups according to body mass index (BMI). Basal energy expenditure (BEE) and resting energy expenditure after cold exposure (REE) were measured using indirect calorimetry, and cold-induced thermogenesis (CIT) and basal metabolic rate (BMR) were calculated. Plasma amino acid levels were determined using non-targeted metabolomics. Group differences and correlations were assessed by analysis of variance and Spearman rank correlation, respectively.
BMR and CIT were lower in the overweight and obese groups, and both CIT and BMR were negatively correlated with BMI (r=-0.452, P<0.001; r=-0.421, P=0.001). Non-targeted metabolomics revealed no significant between-group differences in amino acid levels. Correlation analysis showed that CIT was positively correlated with arginine (r=0.431, P=0.017) and negatively correlated with Leu-Leu and nicotinuric acid (r=-0.319, P=0.033; r=-0.414, P=0.023). BMR was positively correlated with L-glutathione, reduced (r=0.377, P=0.040).
Obese individuals exhibit reduced BMR and CIT, and specific plasma amino acids are closely related to energy metabolism indicators, suggesting that amino acid metabolism may be involved in obesity-related energy metabolic dysregulation.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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