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Outline
To investigate the association of calcium supplementation dosage and timing with blood pressure among pregnant women aged 30 years and older in Chengdu.
Pregnant women with singleton pregnancies aged ≥30 years who delivered at a hospital in Chengdu between January 2022 and December 2024 were enrolled. Baseline characteristics, calcium supplementation information, and blood pressure data during pregnancy were collected. Multiple linear regression models were employed to analyze the association between calcium supplementation and blood pressure. Dose-response analysis was conducted within the supplementation group, and sensitivity analysis was performed using the magnitude of blood pressure increase during pregnancy as the outcome.
A total of 796 pregnant women with singleton pregnancies aged ≥30 years were included, with a median age of 32 years, and 46% received calcium supplementation during pregnancy. After adjusting for confounding factors, the calcium supplementation group showed a mean reduction of 4.29 mmHg (P<0.001) in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and 3.82 mmHg (P=0.048) in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) compared to the non-supplementation group. For every 100 mg/d increase in calcium intake, SBP decreased by 0.45 mmHg (P=0.016) and DBP decreased by 0.27 mmHg (P=0.009). Stratified analysis revealed that the most significant blood pressure-lowering effect occurred in those who initiated supplementation pre-pregnancy (SBP: β=-4.71, P<0.001; DBP: β=-4.32, P=0.031). Calcium supplementation was associated with a reduction in SBP among the 30-34 age group (β=-5.02, P<0.001), while no statistically significant difference was observed in the ≥35 age group. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the magnitude of increase in SBP and DBP during pregnancy was reduced by an average of 1.09 mmHg (P=0.040) and 0.63 mmHg (P=0.037), respectively, in the supplementation group compared to the non-supplementation group.
Calcium supplementation during pregnancy is significantly associated with lower blood pressure levels among pregnant women aged ≥30 years, demonstrating a clear dose-response relationship. The blood pressure-lowering effect is more pronounced with earlier initiation of supplementation, particularly in the population aged 30-34 years.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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