Full
Outline
To systematically review the current research status, feasibility, and future prospects of using large language models（LLMs）for mental health interventions.
We searched literature published between January 2023 and March 2025 on LLM-based mental health interventions across databases including CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. After screening, the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool（MMAT）was used for quality assessment. Key data were extracted, including study characteristics, model types, and supported languages.
Twenty-one English-language studies were included. Twelve studies employed population-based intervention trials, investigating the effects of LLMs in reducing anxiety, identifying and intervening in cognitive distortions, measuring and fostering psychological resilience in children, alleviating depression and loneliness, and enhancing willingness to engage in mindfulness training. Results indicated that LLMs demonstrated some efficacy in these tasks. Another seven studies supported the feasibility of LLM-based mental health interventions in three key areas: psychological knowledge consultation, emotional support, and therapeutic assistance. However, challenges such as bias, cultural adaptability, and privacy concerns remain. Seven studies used English as the model language, while thirteen applied prompt engineering or instruction fine-tuning to adapt the models, with adjusted models showing improved performance in specific mental health tasks. Quality assessment revealed that existing studies were limited.
LLMs show promising potential in mental health promotion. Future research should refine model strategies to enhance task performance and incorporate rigorously designed empirical research to ensure scientifically robust efficacy evaluations.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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