Full
Outline
To analyze the regional differences in the vaccination coverage of China’s National Immunization Program (NIP) between the eastern and western regions (Changxing Town in Shanghai and Gengma Town in Gengma County, Yunnan Province), to identify weak links in implementation, and to provide a basis for optimizing cross-regional public health collaboration.
Based on the National Immunization Program Vaccination Coverage Monitoring Plan (2023 edition), a retrospective cohort study was conducted to systematically analyze the vaccination data of children born between 2017 and 2023 in the two regions (Changxing Town, n=3 749; Gengma Town, n=5 456). Chi-square tests were used to compare differences in vaccination rates, full-course rates, compliance rates, and timeliness rates.
Both regions achieved vaccination and compliance rates exceeding 90%. The full-course vaccination rate in Gengma Town (96.9%) was significantly higher than that in Changxing Town (94.2%, χ2=40.64, P<0.001). The impact of household registration type on full-course vaccination rates showed regional heterogeneity (Gengma Town OR=3.65; Changxing Town OR=1.89). The overall timeliness rate in Changxing Town was higher (92.5%-99.2%), but the timeliness rates for the first doses of measles and Japanese encephalitis vaccines among children born in 2018 and 2021 were significantly lower (P<0.001). In Gengma Town, delays in the primary immunization (DTaP1-3) and booster immunization (DTaP4) for diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis were prominent among children aged 5-7. The timeliness rates for DTaP1-3 and DTaP4 among children born in 2018 were only 41.1% and 50.2%, respectively.
Significant spatial heterogeneity exists in the implementation of the NIP between the eastern and western regions.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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