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Outline
To explore the relationship between the duration of children’s internet usage and feelings of loneliness and depression.
From March to June 2023, a stratified cluster sampling method was employed to select students in grades three to six from a primary school in Handan. Data were collected using a basic information questionnaire, the Children’s Loneliness Scale (CLS), the Children′s Depression Self-Rating Scale (DSRSC), and an internet usage duration questionnaire. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0 software, employing frequency and percentage methods to describe the basic characteristics of the entire sample. Comparative analysis of the data was performed using t-tests and χ2 tests, while multifactorial logistic regression analysis and correlation analysis were used for further data examination.
A total of 597 subjects were included in the study. The results indicated that, compared to children without feelings of loneliness, those with loneliness spent significantly more time on overall internet usage, watching television/listening to music, and playing games, while spending less time chatting (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that children in the high total internet usage duration group had a higher risk of loneliness compared to the low duration group (OR=4.61, 95%CI: 1.19-6.50, P=0.028). Furthermore, children in the high gaming duration group also exhibited a higher risk of loneliness (OR= 1.29, 95%CI: 1.09-1.91, P=0.032). Additionally, the high gaming duration group showed a greater risk of depression compared to the low duration group (OR=1.23, 95%CI: 1.06-1.95, P=0.032). In contrast, children in the high study duration group had a lower risk of depression compared to the low duration group (OR=0.38, 95%CI: 0.14-0.95, P=0.042).
There is a positive correlation between the total duration of internet usage and gaming duration with the risk of loneliness in children, and longer gaming time is associated with a higher incidence of depression.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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