Full
Outline
To investigate the prevalence of comorbidity status of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia (commonly referred to as the “Three Highs”), to identify factors influencing this comorbidity among community-dwelling residents aged 35–75 years in two districts of Jinan City, and to provide scientific evidence to inform targeted and precise management and intervention strategies for local patients with these metabolic comorbidities.
From September 2016 to June 2022, stratified cluster sampling was used to select residents aged 35–75 years in Licheng District and Zhangqiu District of Jinan. Questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, and blood tests were conducted. R 4.2.1 software was used for chi-square test, trend chi-square test, and binaryl logistic regression analysis to explore the influencing factors of “three highs” comorbidity.
A total of 30 214 participants were included, with 12 185 males (40.33%) and 18 029 females (59.67%), and a mean age of (57.97±9.55) years. The standardized prevalence rate of hypertension is 45.39%, that of diabetes mellitus is 22.54%, and that of dyslipidemia is 27.31%. Among them, the standardized comorbidity rate of the “three highs” stands at 5.95%. The highest standardized comorbidity rate is observed in patients with both hypertension and hyperlipidemia, reaching 9.75%. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the following factors were risk factors for “three highs” comorbidity (all P<0.05): male (OR=1.121 95%CI: 1.028-1.222), older age groups (OR≥1.992 in all age groups); administrative/professional and technical personnel (OR=1.551 95%CI: 1.120-1.989), retired/unemployed/household workers (OR=1.174 95%CI: 1.041-1.324), private business owners/other personnel (OR=1.427 95%CI: 1.101-1.850); history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (OR=1.943 95%CI:1.620-2.332); overweight (OR=1.624 95%CI: 1.418-1.859); obesity (OR=2.016 95%CI: 1.766-2.404); and central obesity (OR=1.931 95%CI:1.733-2.152).
In Jinan City, the comorbidity prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia is relatively high, with hypertension combined with dyslipidemia being the most common comorbidity pattern. Priority interventions should be targeted at males, the elderly, sedentary occupational groups, individuals with a history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and overweight/obese individuals.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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