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Outline
To investigate the effects of different vitamin D supplementation levels on blood glucose during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus based on cohort data.
A total of 766 pregnant women aged 30 years and above from a hospital in Chengdu were included as subjects. The primary exposure variable was the quintile grouping of vitamin D supplementation levels, while the outcome variables were gestational diabetes mellitus and changes in fasting plasma glucose during pregnancy. Multivariable regression models were used to analyze the association between these variables, with subgroup analyses conducted based on age and pre-pregnancy BMI.
Compared with the lowest quintile (Q1) group, appropriate vitamin D supplementation levels (Q2 and Q3 groups) reduced the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (Q2: OR=0.54, 95% CI:0.31-0.93; Q3: OR=0.51, 95% CI: 0.28-0.94). Subgroup analysis indicated that among women aged 30-35 years and those with a normal pre-pregnancy BMI, compared with the Q1 group, those in the Q2 and Q3 groups had a lower risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (Q2: OR=0.50, 95% CI: 0.27-0.94; Q3: OR=0.47, 95% CI: 0.23-0.93). Further analysis revealed that starting vitamin D supplementation in early pregnancy was more beneficial for blood glucose control during pregnancy compared with starting in mid-pregnancy (β=-0.05, 95% CI: -0.09~-0.01).
This study indicates that a daily vitamin D supplementation level of 200 to 800 IU is associated with a lower risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. This effect is more pronounced in pregnant women aged 30 to 35 and those with a normal BMI before pregnancy. Additionally, starting vitamin D supplementation in the early stage of pregnancy is more beneficial for blood glucose control.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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