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To explore the association between social activities and hypertension in individuals aged ≥ 45 in China, providing new intervention strategies for the prevention and treatment of hypertension.
A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the fifth national survey of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2020.Demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and indicators of social activities of the study subjects were included. The association between seven types of social activities and hypertension among middle-aged and elderly individuals was analyzed using χ2 tests and multivariate logistic regression.
A total of 19 213 middle-aged and elderly individuals were included, comprising 10 159 men and 9 054 women, with a median age of 63 years (ranging from 55 to 70 years). The prevalence of hypertension was 40.08% (7 702/19 213). Logistic regression analysis indicated that after adjusting for all confounding factors, visiting neighbors and socializing with friends (OR=1.08, 95%CI: 1.01-1.15, P=0.022) and participating in volunteer or charity activities (OR=1.23, 95%CI: 1.04-1.46, P=0.016) were positively associated with the risk of hypertension. Conversely, activities such as dancing, exercising, or practicing Qigong in parks or other venues were negatively associated with the risk of hypertension (OR=0.88, 95%CI: 0.78-1.00, P=0.044).
Participation in different social activities is associated with hypertension. It is recommended to encourage middle-aged and elderly individuals to actively engage in health-promoting social activities to reduce the risk of hypertension, thereby providing scientific guidance for achieving “Healthy China 2030”.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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