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To understand the current state of social isolation among the elderly and its relationship with health-related quality of life, as well as to explore the mediating role of loneliness in this relationship.
A face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 349 elderly individuals in Yangzhou using cluster random sampling. Social isolation was measured through three questions regarding social contact, loneliness was assessed using the UCLA Loneliness Scale (short version), and health-related quality of life was evaluated using the EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire. Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to match elderly individuals with and without social isolation in a 1:1 ratio without replacement.The mediating effect of loneliness was tested using Monte Carlo simulation analysis.
A total of 718 elderly individuals were included in the study after matching. Social isolation was negatively correlated with health-related quality of life (β=-0.016, 95%CI: -0.030 to -0.002, P<0.05) and positively correlated with loneliness (β=0.142, 95%CI: 0.047 to 0.237, P<0.01). Loneliness acted as a complete mediator in the pathway between social isolation and health-related quality of life among the elderly (β=-0.005, 95%CI: -0.008 to -0.001, P<0.01), with the indirect effect accounting for 31.25% of the total effect.
Social isolation indirectly affects the health-related quality of life of the elderly by increasing their feelings of loneliness. More opportunities for social participation should be provided to the elderly to reduce their loneliness and, consequently, improve their overall quality of life.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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