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To investigate the combined effects of sleep duration and muscle strength on depressive symptoms in Chinese middle-aged and elderly adults, and to provide reference for mental health promotion.
A total of 4 225 participants from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) who participated in both 2011 and 2018 waves. Sleep duration and depressive symptoms were assessed using a questionnaire, and muscle strength (grip strength and chair-rising time) was measured. Multivariable adjusted cox regression models were used to explore the combined effects of sleep duration and muscle strength on depressive symptoms.
In total 1 465 (34.67%) participants reported depressive symptoms in 2018. After adjusting for confounding factors, participants with non-recommended sleep duration (> 9 h/d or < 7 h/d), lower grip strength, and longer chair-rising time had significantly increased risk of depressive symptoms. Compared with those with recommended sleep duration (7 to 9 h/d) and high muscle strength (high grip strength and short chair-rising time) group, individuals with non-recommended sleep duration and low muscle strength showed significantly increased risk of depressive symptoms (HR=1.99, 95%CI: 1.38-2.87).
Non-recommended sleep duration and low muscle strength are significant risk factors for depressive symptoms. Thus, increasing muscle strength and improving sleep duration should be recommended for mental health promotion in middle-aged and elderly people.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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