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To analyze the influencing factors of carotid artery plaque occurrence based on a prospective dynamic cohort.
A nested case-control study was adopted. A total of 1 150 newly-diagnosed patients with carotid artery plaques from March 2018 to November 2023 were selected as the case group. According to the principles of the same gender, age ± 3 years, and the same year and month of the initial examination, 1 150 individuals without carotid artery plaques were individually matched at a ratio of 1:1 as the control group. Finally, 2 300 subjects were included in the study. A conditional Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of carotid artery plaque occurrence. Meanwhile, the dose-response relationship between different exposure factors and the risk of carotid artery plaque was analyzed by using tertile stratification and restricted cubic spline (RCS).
The results of multivariate conditional Logistic regression analysis showed that abnormal serum high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (OR=1.370, 95%CI: 1.073-1.748), blood urea nitrogen/creatinine (OR=1.024, 95%CI: 1.004-1.044), and red blood cell distribution width-SD (OR=1.037, 95%CI: 1.003-1.072) were risk factors for carotid artery plaques, while total protein (OR=0.966, 95%CI: 0.944-0.988) was a protective factor.The RCS results showed that there was a negative linear dose-response relationship between HDL-C, total protein and the risk of carotid artery plaque, and a positive linear dose-response relationship between blood urea nitrogen/creatinine and the risk of carotid artery plaque (P overall < 0.05, P non-linear > 0.05). No dose-response relationship was found between red blood cell distribution width-SD and the risk of carotid artery plaque.
HDL-C, total protein, blood urea nitrogen/creatinine, and red blood cell distribution width-SD are associated with the occurrence of carotid artery plaques, and there is a linear dose-response relationship between HDL-C, blood urea nitrogen/creatinine, total protein and the risk of carotid artery plaque.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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