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To investigate the dual mediating effects of frailty and health literacy on the relationship between social support and quality of life among older adults based on the health ecological model.
A convenience sampling method was employed to survey 1 497 older adults using a general information questionnaire, social network relationship scale, Tilburg Frailty Indicator, health literacy assessment scale, and SF-6Dv2 quality of life assessment scale. Descriptive statistics, non-parametric tests, and correlation analyses were performed on the data, and the PROCESS macro in SPSS 26.0 was used to construct a multiple mediation effect model.
Significant differences in quality-of-life scores among older adults were observed based on different living areas (Z=-4.171, P <0.001), gender (Z=-2.378, P < 0.05), age (H=58.938, P < 0.001), education level (H=66.224, P < 0.001), occupation (H=78.662, P <0.001), and income sources (H=87.730, P < 0.001). Social support was significantly negatively correlated with frailty (r=-0.314, P < 0.01),while positively correlated with health literacy (r=0.398, P < 0.01) and quality of life (r=0.253, P < 0.01). Frailty was significantly negatively correlated with health literacy (r=-0.320, P < 0.01) and quality of life (r=-0.391, P < 0.01), whereas health literacy was significantly positively correlated with quality of life (r=0.219, P < 0.01). Frailty (effect size=0.094, 95%CI: 0.071-0.119) and health literacy (effect size=0.011, 95%CI: 0.012-0.037) partially mediated the effect of social support on quality of life, accounting for 43.7% and 5.1% of the total effect, respectively.
Frailty and health literacy play dual mediating roles in the relationship between social support and quality of life among older adults. It is essential to implement interventions that help older adults expand their social support networks, reduce levels of frailty, and enhance health literacy to improve their quality of life.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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