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To explore the latent categories of cognitive function in older adults and their influencing factors.
Data from the 2020 CHARLS (China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study) were used, including 4 606 participants aged 60 years and above. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was employed to identify the latent categories of cognitive function, and multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analysis were conducted to examine the influencing factors.
Cognitive function in older adults was classified into four categories: “Low Cognitive Function-Low Attention Group” (21%), “Moderate Cognitive Function-Balanced Group” (18.6%), “High Cognitive Function-High Attention Group” (47.7%), and “Low Cognitive Function-High Visuospatial Ability Group” (12.7%). Protective factors for the “High Cognitive Function-High Attention Group” included age <70 years, higher education level, male gender, internet use, non-smoking, and absence of depressive symptoms (P < 0.05). Age exhibited a non-linear dose-response relationship with the risk of belonging to the “Low Cognitive Function-Low Attention Group” (P overalltrend <0.001, P non-linearity <0.001), “Moderate Cognitive Function-Balanced Group” (P overalltrend =0.016, P non-linearity =0.006), and “Low Cognitive Function-High Visuospatial Ability Group” (Poveralltrend =0.007, Pnon-linearity =0.004).
Cognitive function in older adults demonstrates distinct categorical characteristics, suggesting that healthcare professionals should develop targeted and personalized intervention strategies based on these categories and their influencing factors to prevent and delay cognitive impairment.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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