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To analyze the levels of acrylamide in 2-5 years old children of three regions in China and assess the exposure risk.
The survey was conducted on 31 healthy children aged 2-5 years old in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Heilongjiang and Sichuan Province. We collected the whole food consumed by the children during the survey period using the dual meal method, analyzed the acrylamide exposure level. Then the margin of exposure (MOE) assessment was used to evaluate the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks by using BMDL10 (0.31 mg/(kg·bw·d)) and NOAEL (0.2 mg/(kg·bw·d)) as toxicity reference points.
This survey investigated 13 girls and 18 boys in three regions of China, aged between 26 to 58 months, with the weight range of 11.0 to 20.0 kg and the height range of 87.0 to 115.1 cm. A total of 187 food samples were collected, including 96 mixed diet samples, 61 liquid dairy product samples, and 30 infant formula samples. The average levels of acrylamide from the three types of samples were 9.54 μg/kg, 0.80 μg/kg, and 1.03 μg/kg. The average exposure levels were 0.624 μg/(kg bw·d), 0.04 μg/(kg bw·d), and 0.04 μg/(kg bw·d).The high exposure levels of acrylamide (P95) increased to 2.974 μg/(kg bw·d), 0.234 μg/(kg bw·d), and 0.13 μg/(kg bw·d). The number of average MOE and high MOE (P95) for non-carcinogenic risk of acrylamide are 299 and 67, while the number of average MOE and high MOE (P95) for carcinogenic risk are 463 and 104.
The number of MOE for both non carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of acrylamide in the diet of 31 young children are less than 10 000, and the number of MOE for high non carcinogenic risks is less than 100. Therefore, it is necessary to pay special attention to the health risks caused by dietary intake of acrylamide in young children.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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